供水系统安全保障与智能调控技术

朱志伟 俞亭超 程伟平 邵煜 何忠文

摘 要：本研究以我国大中型城市为对象，研发以漏失控制和水质保障为目的的压力智能调控系统，减小管网总体漏损水量，提高城市饮用水的水质，保障供水安全。针对村镇居民分散、水质差、维护技术水平低等状况，研发适合村镇的具有低投入、低成本，高效节能的，智能净水与输送供水系统。针对以上任务，研究单位突破了管网节点流量的校验技术难题，提出了基于广义逆理论的矩阵式节点流量校验方法，开发出实时的大型管网水力模型系统，并在广州得到了应用，为大规模供水系统的压力调控提供了技术支撑。自主研发了管网压力智能调控设备，根据管网的入口压力、用户用水需求，以及管网末梢压力，在保障城市用户水压需求的前提下，自动进行管网压力的调控，降低供水压力，降低漏损良，目前已经投入实际应用测试。针对在配水管网的外部环境中存在大量的污染物，低负压是引起管外污水倒灌入侵的问题，课题组开展漏损模型实验研究，自行设计了低负压条件下管网漏损出的入侵体积测量装置，并在实验平台上加以应用，获取了低负压事件引起的入侵体积的值，分析总结影响管网入侵体积大小的各种因素，取得了阶段性成果；针对农村用水量变化系数大的特定，研发了气控智能变频无塔集中自动供水设备，设计包括密闭罐体、水泵和水管，水泵、智能控制模块的一体化设备。实现可视化远程调整、监测和维护。实现无人值守，降低运行管理维护成本20～35%。针对华容地区农村地下水铁、锰超标，村镇经济和技术水平低，研发了适合村镇的，集絮凝、沉淀、过滤、除铁除锰、消毒一体化的净水设备，并已经投入示范工程建设。

关键词：供水管网；压力调控；污染物入侵；农村供水；智能控制

Abstract：This study focuses on the subject of large and medium-sized cities in our country， research and development for the purpose of leakage control and water quality security of intelligent control system， pressure reducing overall leakage water pipe network， improve the water quality of city drinking water， to ensure the safety of water supply. According to for residents Dispersion in villages and towns， the condition of poor water quality， low maintenance technology， low cost， high efficiency and energy saving， intelligent water purification and water supply system is researched and developed for villages and towns with low investment. For the above tasks， research group solved the pipe network node flow calibration problem， put forward the node flow calibration method based on the theory of generalized inverse matrix， developed the large-scale hydraulic model of real-time system， and it was applied in Guangzhou city. It can provide the technical support large-scale water supply pressure regulation. Intelligent control equipment， independent research and development of pipe network pressure according to the inlet pressure of pipeline network， the user demand and the network peripheral pressure， automatic regulation of pipe network pressure lower supply pressure， reduce the leakage， now it is in the application testing. Due to water distribution network of the external environment in the presence of large amounts of pollutants， the contamination may intrude into the portable water in the low negative pressure. The research team carry out the experimental study on leakage model， designed the low negative pressure pipeline leakage under the condition of the invasion of volume measurement devices， to study the low negative pressure events caused by the invasion of the value of the volume， analyzed influence network intrusion volume size of various factors. An automatic water supply equipment is developed. It include intelligent frequency conversion without tower， the sealed tanks， pumps and pipes， the intelligent control module integration equipment. It can be remote adjusted， visual monitoring and maintenance. For huarong district rural groundwater excess iron， manganese， low level of rural economy and technology， developed for villages and towns， flocculation， sedimentation， filtration， disinfection， in addition to iron and manganese integrated water purification equipment， and has been put into construction of demonstration project.

Key words：water distribution； water pressure adjust； pollution invade ；rural water supply； intelligent control

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