笙声不息

图、文／吕廷川

笙声不息

CEASELESS SOUNDS OF SHENG

图、文／吕廷川

笙，是一种古老的乐器，是簧片乐器的鼻祖。『笙王世家』的笙，笙斗由黄铜制成，笙角选用红木，簧片以响铜为原料，笙苗则选用产于福建的紫竹，经打蜡校正后，竹管色泽温润，管体笔直，演奏起来格外清脆委婉。『以前，在民间人们办红白事儿都用它来吹曲子，笙一吹起来音质非常清亮，适合各种情感的表达。后来，随着乐曲不断的丰富，用笙来演奏的曲子就更多了！』

○经过岁月磨砺，王俊卿的制笙手艺已炉火纯青。After years of tempering, Wang Junqing attained perfection in making Sheng.

午后的阳光照进屋来，一位头发花白的老人趴在桌边儿，用锉细细打磨着一根根竹管，空中漂浮的杂尘在光柱里微微颤动着，仿佛时光静止了一般。3月10日，济南鞭指巷，笙王第六代传人王俊卿正在家里忙着制笙，那场景就像一部老电影里的画面让人感动。

王俊卿祖籍河北景县，世家六代制笙。曾祖父王庆元时就已完全放弃务农，从景县搬到天津后，以制笙兼修理民族乐器为生。到祖父王凤林时，制笙的技术更加精湛，且调音精准，能制作出高水平的民族拉弦乐器，“笙王世家”这时已闻名全国。

王俊卿从小就跟着父亲学习手艺，还得到祖父王凤林的许多指点。随父落户济南后，全家仍以制笙为业。济南乐器厂成立初期，他便在厂里帮工，还学会了吹笙。后参军入伍，王俊卿成为了专职的笙演奏员，这为他制笙技艺的提升积累了丰富的经验。从部队转业后，王俊倾又回到原单位，父亲在世时的老主顾和玩笙的老友仍然找上门来，他就用业余时间继续制笙修笙的手艺，一直到1995年内退后，便在家里全身心制起笙来。

○在部队文工团时，王俊卿曾是专职笙演奏员。Wang Junqing was a player of Sheng in art troupe of the army.

○每天躲在家里制笙。Making Sheng at home every day.

笙，是一种古老的乐器，是簧片乐器的鼻祖。“笙王世家”的笙，笙斗由黄铜制成，笙角选用红木，簧片以响铜为原料，笙苗则选用产于福建的紫竹，经打蜡校正后，竹管色泽温润，管体笔直，演奏起来格外清脆委婉。“以前，在民间人们办红白事儿都用它来吹曲子，笙一吹起来音质非常清亮，适合各种情感的表达。后来，随着乐曲不断的丰富，用笙来演奏的曲子就更多了！”他即兴吹了一曲《草原骑兵》，“是不是能听出来千军万马在草原上奔跑？这首曲子很能表现笙的音质，制笙最重要的就是音质和音准了。”

○10岁的小孙女已经能演奏笙乐。Ten-year-old granddaughter can play Sheng.

○与老朋友机械师徐松园一起研究制笙工具。Researching tools of making Sheng with old friend and machinist Xu Songyuan.

“这么好的手艺，有没有想过传承？”这是个既俗又不可回避的问题。“我儿子王进笙吹得也很好。不过年轻人嘛都在外面忙工作，将来年纪大一些有时间了就好了，毕竟制笙是个费工夫的手艺啊。”王俊卿说。

在他的制笙工作室里，我还碰到了另外一位健谈开朗的老人，他叫徐松园，是一位机械师，一直为王俊卿提供制笙工具。这两位交往了四十多年的老朋友、老搭档同是狂热的笙爱好者，多年的磨合，让他们干起活来充满默契。王俊卿的这把48管笙正是为徐松园量身定制的。

离开这个洒满阳光的小院，我眼前始终有束光在空气中舞动。总会有一些特定的人，在特定的时期，用一生去完成一个使命。或许正是出于这样一份自信，面对现在和未来，王俊卿都显得格外淡定。我也始终在想，如果能在一个人身上看到历史的影子，是不是也能略略读出一些未来？

As the afternoon sunlight shone into the room, a grey-haired old man was carefully polishing bamboo pipes lying on the table with a fi le. The dust floating in the air slightly trembled in the beams of light, as if time stood still. On March 10, in Bianzhi Lane, Jinan, Wang Junqing, the sixth-generation descendant of the King of Sheng was busy fabricating a sheng (a reed pipe wind instrument) at home. It was a moving picture like a scene from an old fi lm.

Wang Junqing’s ancestral home is in Jing County, Hebei. His family has been engaged in fabricating sheng for six generations. His grandfather Wang Fenglin was more skilled in fabricating sheng. In that period, the “Family of the King of Sheng” had been well-known throughout the country. Wang Junqing learned workmanship from his father since his childhood, and he even acquired some guidance from his grandfather Wang Fenglin. After he followed his father to settle down in Jinan, the whole family is still engaged in fabricating sheng. In the early days of Jinan Musical Instrument Factory, he started to work in the factory, and learned to play this instrument. Afterwards, Wang Junqing joined the army, becoming a full-time sheng player, which let him accumulate rich experience for his improvement in the skill of fabricating sheng. After being transferred to civilian work from the troops, Wang Junqing returned to his former unit. The regular customers when his father was alive as well as his old friends who were fond of playing sheng still visited him. Thus, he continued to fabricate and repair sheng in his spare time. After his early retirement in 1995, he dedicated himself to fabricating sheng at home.