高职英语听力元认知策略训练研究*1

陈　攀

兰州资源环境职业技术学院基础部，甘肃　兰州　730021



高职英语听力元认知策略训练研究*1

陈攀**2

兰州资源环境职业技术学院基础部，甘肃兰州730021

摘要：听力理解能力的获得一直被视为第二语言习得中最为困难的一个环节，听力能力也最能体现语言的实际运用能力。作为学习策略中最为重要的一个分支，元认知策略的运用能有效促进学习者听力理解能力的提高。同时，元认知策略的培训能促使学生逐渐树立正确的学习策略意识，并能够将其自动应用于学习过程中。

关键词：元认知策略；高职；听力理解；听力教学

I.Introduction

Listening comprehension has been one of the main focuses of English as a Foreign Language(EFL)teaching for a long time.Although more and more foreign language learners have a gradually increasing acceptance of the importance of listening comprehension，as a EFL，the teaching of listening comprehension keeps a quite ignored and poorly taught aspect of English in many English classes.

II.Theoretical Foundation

Meta-cognitive strategy refers to a series of activities that control，monitor and manage their thinking and learning.It is not only a kind of strategy itself but also a strategy which is in charge of other strategies.

According to Flavell and Brown，it can be simply defined as “thinking about thinking” or “cognition about cognition”(Flavell，1979).In Flavell’s article，meta-cognition was defined more specifically：“Meta-cognition is usually defined as knowledge and cognition about cognitive objects，that is，anything cognitive”(Flavell，1987).

In the research the strategy，different scholars hold different ideas about the classification of meta-cognitive strategy.But the essence is the same.Oxford(1989)thinks meta-cognitive strategy mainly divided into three categories：holding on the importance，planning study and evaluating learning.Among them，holding on the importance mainly includes connecting and understanding the new obtains information and having got information and concentrating their attention.

III.The Effects of Meta-cognitive Strategy Training on the Improvement of Listening Comprehension

The kind of training can contribute to the development of students’ listening proficiency and their language proficiency.It is also supposed that with a high self-efficiency achieved in the process，students will be more conscious，autonomous and efficient use of their collection of learning strategies for further improvement in learning.Therefore，the meta-cognitive strategy training is to improve the students’ listening ability more effectively than the regular instruction.

Meta-cognitive strategy training had a positive effect on the experimental group.It can also be known that the meta-cognitive strategy training is effective to improve the students’ listening ability.Meta-cognitive strategy and listening comprehension have close relationship in the process of listening.It also proves the meta-cognitive-based strategy training is more effective in improving the students’ listening proficiency than the regular listening instruction.

III.Conclusion

Meta-cognitive-based strategy training instruction equipped students with scientific and systematical way to learn autonomously.The paper has shown that strategy training enables English learners to improve their listening performance and enhance their awareness of using the related strategy in their daily study.The training combining cognitive strategies with meta-cognitive strategies has better effect than the training conducted in a separate way and by this only cognitive strategies training is meant.

[Bibliography]

[1]Brown，A.Metacognition，executive control，self-regulation，and other more mysterious mechanisms.In Weinert，F.& Kluwe，R.(Eds.)，Metacognition，Motivation and Understanding.Hillsdale，NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates，1987.

[2]Flavell，J.H.Metacognition aspects of problem-solving.In Resnick L.B.(Eds.)，The Nature of Intelligence.Hillsdale，NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates，1976.

[3]Flavell，J.H.Speculation about the nature and development of metacognition.In Weinert，F.E.& Kluwe，R.H.(Eds.)，Metacognition，Motivation，and Understanding.NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates，1987.

[4]Oxford，R.L，Crookall，D.et al.Strategy Training for Language Learners：Six Situational Case Studies and a Training Model.Foreign Language Annals，1990，22：197-216.

A Study on English Listening Teaching for Vocational College Based on Meta-cognitive Strategy Training

Abstract ：The ability of listening comprehension is always regarded as the most difficult skill to acquire in second language acquisition，and listening comprehension ability can actually reflect students’ practical ability of language application.The employment of meta-cognitive strategies can effectively improve learner’s level of English listening，develop a correct awareness of learning strategies and then automatically apply it into their learning.

Key words ：Meta-cognitive strategies；Higher vocational colleges；Listening comprehension；Listening teaching

**作者简介：陈攀(1984-)，女，汉族，硕士，兰州资源环境职业技术学院，讲师，研究方向：英语语言文学。

中图分类号：H319.9

文献标识码：A

文章编号：1006-0049-(2016)12-0042-01

*2015—2016年度甘肃省高等院校英语教学改革研究项目《多模态语境下高职英语听力教学的实证研究》(项目编号GSKG2015-15-10)成果之一。