原发性胰腺癌应用CT和MRI增强扫描的效果比较
2015-10-28陈丽娜蔡彩云刘建成
陈丽娜,蔡彩云,刘建成
厦门市第五医院,福建厦门 361101
原发性胰腺癌应用CT和MRI增强扫描的效果比较
陈丽娜,蔡彩云,刘建成
厦门市第五医院,福建厦门361101
目的比较原发性胰腺癌应用CT和MRI增强扫描的效果。方法整群选取并回顾性分析该院于2012年2月—2015年2月期间,治疗的33例原发性胰腺癌患者临床资料,对所有患者均进行应用CT和MRI增强扫描检查,对病理检查结果对比,对比CT和MRI增强扫描对原发性胰腺癌的诊断准确率,对不同大小肿块的检出率及误差率。结果在33例原发性胰腺癌患者中,CT增强扫描的诊断准确率为69.70%,MRI增强扫描的诊断准确率为87.88%;MRI增强扫描对原发性胰腺癌的诊断准确率显著大于CT增强扫描,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);33例原发性胰腺癌患者共发现38个病灶,手术病理证实直径>1 cm的病灶35个,<1 cm的病灶3个;CT检查显示直径>1 cm的病灶33个,<1 cm的病灶5个,检出率为86.84%,误差率为13.16%;MRI增强扫描显示直径>1 cm的病灶36个,<1 cm的病灶2个,检出率为94.74%,误差率为5.26%;两组数据差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论CT和MRI增强扫描诊断原发性胰腺癌的临床效果确切,均作为临床准确检查诊断原发性胰腺癌的有效影像学方法,对微小病灶的检出率较高,误差率较低,但MRI增强扫描对原发性胰腺癌的诊断准确率大于CT增强扫描,更具有临床可行性。
原发性胰腺癌;CT;MRI增强扫描
原发性胰腺癌是指患者长期受危险因素刺激导致癌基因、抑癌基因及生长因子调控食管鳞状上皮细胞或其它腺体细胞增殖和凋亡平衡紊乱,从而诱发纵向或浸润性胰腺癌发生[1]。由于原发性胰腺癌的早期症状特异性较差,恶化程度高,临床诊断及治疗均困难,预后较差,作为影响患者生命健康的独立危险因素。在临床上,提高对原发性胰腺癌的诊断水平,为临床诊断、治疗及评估预后而提供依据。CT和MRI增强扫描作为临床检查诊断原发性胰腺癌的最常用影像学方法,为临床精准诊断原发性胰腺癌、判定疗效及评估预后的关键环节[2]。由于CT和MRI增强扫描在检查诊断原发性胰腺癌的效果存在争议;为进一步提高原发性胰腺癌的诊断准确率,该研究回顾性分析该院于2012年2月—2015年2月期间,治疗的33例原发性胰腺癌患者的临床资料,旨在比较原发性胰腺癌应用CT和MRI增强扫描的效果,现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1一般资料
整群选取并回顾性分析该院于2012年2月—2015年2月期间,治疗的33例原发性胰腺癌患者的临床资料;其中男19例、女14例;年龄范围为28.4~68.5岁、平均年龄为(48.5±5.3)岁;所有患者均经过临床病理组织学及手术确诊;该研究项目经医院伦理委员会批准,所有患者及其家属均签署知情同意书。
1.2研究方法
对所有患者均进行应用CT和MRI增强扫描检查;在CT检查中,采用64排螺旋CT扫描仪(GE,Light Speed 64排螺旋CT)自肝顶部至肾下极进行平扫,对于病情严重患者可采取上下延伸的扫描范围;在增强扫描中,采取碘比乐300作为增强剂,剂量70 mL,4.0 mL/s注射速度,在动脉期时间,一般为注射对比剂后20 s、胰腺期时间为45 s、肝脏期80 s;在MRI平扫(Siemens Medical Solutions,Trio TIM 1.5T超导型磁共振扫描仪),扫描范围为膈顶向下至十二指肠水平段以下,序列包括轴位 3D T1 Dual Echo、T2 FSE、fs T2 FSE及DWI b=1 000序列,层厚3~5 mm,T1:TR/TE=2180/5.96 ms,T2:TR/TE=1 900/72 m,LAVA+c三期动态增强扫描,层厚3~5 mm,采取钆贝葡胺作为增强剂,剂量15 mL,2 mL/s注射速度,15~20 s之间屏气后动脉期扫描,首期扫描结束后,喘两次气再次屏气扫描门脉期;对病理检查结果对比,对比CT和MRI增强扫描对原发性胰腺癌的诊断准确率,对不同大小肿块的检出率及误差率。
1.3统计方法
采用SPSS17.0统计软件进行数据分析,计数资料采用n(%)表示,采用X2检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
2 结果
2.1CT和MRI增强扫描对原发性胰腺癌的诊断准确率对比
在33例原发性胰腺癌患者中,CT增强扫描的诊断准确率为69.70%,MRI增强扫描的诊断准确率为87.88%;MRI增强扫描对原发性胰腺癌的诊断准确率显著大于CT增强扫描,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);见表1。
表1 CT和MRI增强扫描对原发性胰腺癌的诊断准确率对比
2.2CT和MRI增强扫描对不同病灶的检出率及误差率对比
33例原发性胰腺癌患者共发现38个病灶,手术病理证实直径>1 cm的病灶35个,<1 cm的病灶3个;CT检查显示直径>1 cm的病灶33个,<1 cm的病灶5个,检出率为86.84%,误差率为13.16%;MRI增强扫描显示直径>1 cm的病灶36个,<1 cm的病灶2个,检出率为94.74%,误差率为5.26%;两组数据差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),见表2。
表2 CT和MRI增强扫描对不同病灶的检出率及误差率对比
3 讨论
原发性胰腺癌的诊断原则为提高对病情的准确诊断率及对微小病灶的检出率,为临床诊断、治疗及护理而提供依据。通过CT检查可准确全面显示原发性胰腺癌病灶的大小、密度、强化、边缘及胰周脂肪间隙、坏死程度,精确诊断原发性胰腺癌[3]。在原发性胰腺癌的CT征象中,可发现胰腺形态结构,边缘模糊,局部隆起;而间接征象中,以胰管和胆总管扩张作为原发性胰腺癌的重要征象;此外,原发性胰腺癌CT征象中脂肪层模糊不清。大量研究表明,CT检查诊断原发性胰腺癌,可精确定位病灶的位置,病灶与周围组织的关系,对微小病灶的分辨率较高,可清晰显示病灶,为临床诊断及治疗提供依据。随着MRI增强扫描广泛用于诊断原发性胰腺癌,直接征象为软组织肿块,呈现无强化或者轻度增强,与胰腺正常强化征象形成显著性差异;此外,MRI增强扫描原发性胰腺癌病灶,呈现胆总管、胆管系统扩张,淋巴转移,血道转移等间接征象[4]。
随着CT和MRI增强扫描广泛用于诊断原发性胰腺癌,对于发现早期的原发性胰腺癌具有较高的临床价值。罗娅红等[5]研究认为,CT可清晰显示原发性胰腺癌的局部形态变化,肿瘤密度、内部结构特征、周围组织及血管受累情况,为临床诊断原发性胰腺癌而提供依据。此外,张明等[6]研究指出,通过CT扫描原发性胰腺癌的病灶,可了解肿瘤的血供情况、血管受累情况,为临床评估肿瘤分期、手术切除范围而提供依据。此外,MRI增强扫描原发性胰腺癌,呈现胰腺局部的增粗,T1WI、T2WI信号异常,境界较清楚,为临床诊断原发性胰腺癌而提供依据。在该研究中,MRI增强扫描对原发性胰腺癌的诊断准确率显著大于CT增强扫描,具有显著性差异;此外,CT和MRI增强扫描对不同病灶的检出率及误差率差异无统计学意义;提示CT和MRI增强扫描诊断原发性胰腺癌的临床效果确切,均作为临床准确检查诊断原发性胰腺癌的有效影像学方法,对微小病灶的检出率较高,误差率较低,但MRI增强扫描对原发性胰腺癌的诊断准确率大于CT增强扫描,更具有临床可行性。
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Effect Comparison of CT and MRI Enhancement Scanning in the Application of Primary Pancreatic Carcinoma
CHEN Li-na,CAI Cai-yun,LIU Jian-cheng
Xiamen Fifth Hospital,Xiamen,Fujian Province,361101 China
Objective To compare the effect of CT and MRI enhancement scanning in the application of primary pancreatic carcinoma.Methods The clinical data of 33 cases with primary pancreatic carcinoma treated in our hospital from February 2012 to February 2015 were retrospectively analyzed and all patients were examined by CT and MRI enhancement scanning,the pathological examination results were compared,the diagnostic accuracy rate of CT and MRI enhancement scanning for primary pancreatic carcinoma,detection rate of tumor in different sizes and error rate were compared.Results The diagnostic accuracy rate of CT and MRI enhancement scanning,for the 33 cases of patients with primary pancreatic carcinoma,was respectively 69.70%and 87.88%,the diagnostic accuracy rate of MRI enhancement scanning for primary pancreatic carcinoma was obviously higher than that of CT enhancement scanning,there was an obvious difference(P<0.05),38 lesions were discovered in 33 cases of patients with primary pancreatic carcinoma,there were 35 lesions whose diameter was more than 1cm and 3 lesions whose diameter was less than 1cm confirmed by pathology and surgery,there were 33 lesions whose diameter was more than 1cm and 5 lesions whose diameter was less than 1cm revealed by CT examination,the detection rate was 86.84%and the error rate was 13.16%,there were 36 lesions whose diameter was more than 1 cm and 2 lesions whose diameter was less than 1cm revealed by MRI enhancement scanning,the detection rate was 94.74%and the error rate was 5.26%,there was no obvious difference between the two data(P>0.05).Conclusion CT and MRI enhancement scanning in diagnosis of primary pancreatic carcinoma have a definite clinical effect,and it can be used as an effective imaging method of the accurate examination and diagnosis of primary pancreatic carcinoma in clinic with higher detection rate of micro-lesions and lower error rate,but the diagnostic accuracy rate of MRI enhancement scanning for primary pancreatic carcinoma is higher than that of CT enhancement scanning with more clinical feasibility.
Primary pancreatic carcinoma;CT;MRI enhancement scanning
R5
A
1674-0742(2015)12(c)-0192-03
10.16662/j.cnki.1674-0742.2015.36.192
陈丽娜(1976.8-),女,福建厦门人,本科,主治医师,研究方向:CT诊断。
(2015-09-28)