纳秒脉冲电场消融乳腺癌的实验研究
2015-08-14谢贵林陈璐艳陈新
谢贵林++++++陈璐艳++++++陈新华+++++温浩++++++陈新梅
[摘要] 目的 探索纳秒脉冲对乳腺癌高转移细胞株MDA-MB-231的治疗效果及其分子机制。 方法 纳秒脉冲电消融乳腺癌细胞及荷瘤小鼠后,检测接受纳秒脉冲治疗(实验组)及未接受纳秒脉冲治疗(对照组)的小鼠肿瘤细胞增殖、周期和凋亡相关指标,观察肿瘤的体积、生长形态及速度等的变化。 结果 纳秒脉冲在体外可以显著降低细胞活性,诱导细胞凋亡,表现为实验组CCK-8细胞活性抑制率与对照组比较,差异有高度统计学意义(P < 0.01),且各实验组间差异均有高度统计学意义(P < 0.01);投射电镜和线粒体电势实验观察到细胞出现凋亡,抑制肿瘤生长。 结论 纳秒脉冲可以通过诱导乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231的凋亡而对肿瘤进行消融。
[关键词] 乳腺癌;MDA-MB-231;纳秒脉冲;消融
[中图分类号] R730.5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2015)06(a)-0004-06
Experiment study of nanosecond pulsed electric fields ablate breast cancer
XIE Guilin1 CHEN Luyan2 CHEN Xinhua2 WEN Hao3 CHEN Xinmei4
1.Department of General Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing 312000, China; 2.Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China; 3.Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830054, China; 4. School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Province, Ji'nan 250355, China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the treatment effect of nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs) on highly-metastatic human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 in vitro and in vivo the and the possible molecular mechanism. Methods After treatment of nsPEFs in different parameters, the apoptosis, proliferation and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells in rats of nanosecond pulse therapy (experimental group) and non-nanosecond pulse therapy (control group) were examined with CCK-8, TUNEL, flow cytometer, transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The volum of tumor size, groth pattern and speed were observed. Results In vitro, nsPEFs inhibited the cell viability and induced cell apoptosis. The cell viability of CCK-8 in the experimental group was reduced significantly compared with control group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01), and the differences among different experimental group were statistically significant (P < 0.01); it also presented mitochondria degeneration. Flow cytometer showed that nsPEFs could inhibit cancer cell proliferation. Conclusion nsPEFs can ablate human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 by activating caspase signaling pathway.
[Key words] Breast cancer; MDA-MB-231; Nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs); Ablation
乳腺癌成为威胁女性的重大健康问题[1]。根据我国2014年肿瘤年报,乳腺癌发病率和病死率持续增高[2]。MDA-MB-231可以用于制作研究高侵袭乳癌细胞的细胞模型和动物模型[3]。目前多学科联合治疗是乳腺癌的主要方法[4]。根据目前消融介入技术的发展,微创消融也逐渐进入乳腺癌的综合治疗计划中。脉冲场强可以引起电穿孔[5],电穿孔不仅提高细胞膜对化疗药物的渗透率,增强化疗药物细胞毒性,还能通过降低化疗药物的使用剂量从而减小对正常细胞的毒副作用。而纳秒脉冲是不同于电穿孔技术的最新一代电脉冲消融技术。纳秒脉冲引起细胞膜的微孔出现,最终形成细胞凋亡[6-7]。避免了严重的炎性反应[8],凋亡最初是在胚胎[9]及免疫系统[10]发育中发现。而在肿瘤治疗中凋亡产生则意味着肿瘤被消灭而机体未被伤害。Caspase是凋亡发生的一个重要分子标志[11-13],在本实验中纳秒级脉单独治疗肿瘤,避免了化疗副作用。