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将词汇复习和写作结合起来

2015-05-30龚思竹

高中生学习·高三版 2015年7期
关键词:题型课本语法

龚思竹

2016年湖北英语高考将回归全国卷。广大湖北考生能否尽快适应全国卷题型呢?相关专家和高考命题教师建议:同学们要注意学习过程中能力的培养,以不变应万变。到底如何才能真正做到以不变应万变?其实,那个“能力”就是扎实的词汇基本功和良好的语言感知能力。而知识是能力的基础。没有语言基础储备,何来分析能力?何来灵活运用能力?何来以不变应万变的“超能力”?高三第一轮复习是一个新起点,高考英语是否高效从第一轮的词汇复习开始彰显。

分析全国卷题型我们可以知道,虽说不直接考完成句子了,但不意味着就不考语法了,不过是换个面孔在语法填空和改错题中呈现罢了,而且考得更细、更散、更灵活了。看似降低了难度,减轻了负担,但实际上,没有扎实的词汇和语法基础做支撑,“变形记”也于事无补。难度仍在,丢分依然。

目前同学们要么已经开始,要么即将开始一轮复习。每个单元的复习重点可以分为:语法项目+句型结构+阅读能力+写作训练。既然如此,把词汇和语法填空联系起来呢?能否把词汇和写作联系起来?把每个单元的重点语法项目和词汇揉和,进行语法填空练习、改错练习,也可以结合本单元话题,看看能否把重点词句用在相关话题的写作练习上。我们来试试:

方法一:

词汇+语法填空

掌握语法不仅仅是记忆规则那么简单。要真正理解一个语法点,在不同的语境中和场合中使用是最好的方法。单词也不是会读会写就达到了要求。真正做到对单词的内涵和外延掌握透彻也需要通过在不同的篇章中反复使用。只有理解记忆才能久远,才能转化成自己的能力。复习Module 6·unit 4 Global warming时,我们可以做一做语法填空练习:

Currently, 1 an urgent phenomenon that our earth is becoming warmer, 2 (result) from human activities. But I wont subscribe 3 the view that living a low carbon life is far away from us and 4 we have to put up with pollution. In reality, Individuals can make a difference.

First of all, it is of great significance for us to break the old habits of wasting energy. Turn off 5 (electricity) appliances 6 (as) we dont use them. If possible, walk or ride a bike instead of motor vehicles. Additionally, recycle cans, bottles, and plastic bags if 7 (circumstance) allow you to. Buy things made from recycled materials or things. 8,(economy) with energy. Finally and most relevantly, it is 9 (advocate) that we should be an educator, informing them about 10 significance of environmental protection.

答案 1. Its 2. resulting 3. to 4. that 5. electrical 6. as long as 7. circumstances 8. economical 9. advocated 10. the

实践证明此方法是行之有效的词汇复习方法之一,既巩固了词汇,又训练了题型。且词汇与语法并重,一举两得。为避免复习的枯燥乏味,同学们可以试试把不同单元的话题、词汇和不同题型相融合。

方法二:

词汇+句型+

书面表达

“词汇+语法”的词汇复习方略有效巩固了词汇,系统疏通了语法的同时,也为语言输出作了重要准备。为了遏制教师押题,学生“背模板”“套范文”的势头,切实提高学生的表达能力,全国卷书面表达命题也是以开放式和半开放式居多。

近几年的高考英语试题,话题与时俱进,重视考查考生的交流能力、通过阅读获取有价值的信息的能力和准确、有效地用英语思维来表达观点的能力。复习时同学们应该将书面表达紧密地与高中英语课本联系在一起,因为课本内容本身涉及文化、地理、环境、健康、社会、交友、自然灾害等话题。有些话题和同学们的生活息息相关,接地气,能确保我们在写作时有话想说,有话可说。例如根据Module 6·Unit 3 A Healthy Life—Advice from Grandad,我们可以进行这样的写作训练:

假如你是李建,一名高中生,你校校报“健康专栏”拟刊登有关青少年抽烟的现象以及危害的稿件。请根据以下内容写一篇投稿邮件:

1. 高中生抽烟的原因;

2. 说明抽烟危害;

3. 给出戒烟建议。

注意:

1. 稿件词数200词左右;

2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Dear sir,

It is not surprising to find adolescent students addicted to smoking now, some of whom get into the bad habit due to the peer pressure. Others feel like trying a cigarette for the fact that they are curious about it. Still others think it cool to smoke.

Whatever reasons they have to start smoking. Actually, The study of smoking shows it can have bad effects on your heart and lungs and that many kinds of serious illnesses are closely associated with smoking, especially lung cancer. Additionally, Smoking itself costs one so much money that it put stress on students budget. Besides, many fires are reported to have been caused by careless smokers. On balance, smoking is not only harmful to smokers themselves, particularly students, but also a threat to public health, especially to women and children, as a result of which many countries have made laws banning smokers to smoke in public.

When it comes to tips on quitting smoking, please decide on a day to break the habit however tough it is; youd better be determined and never feel disappointed when feeling like smoking again. Strengthen your resolve until you recover from both mentally and physically withdrawals.

Yours,

Lijian

这种以写代读的方式更有效,也更有意义。它可以避免词汇复习流于表面。同学们可以直接使用课本的资源来写作。

以上两种方法只是“形”,重点词汇才是“神”,同学不难发现加粗部分都是相应单元的重点词汇。我们可以用不同的方式加强记忆,加深理解,提高应试能力。

总之,我们在第一轮复习中要以教材为依托,全面巩固高频词汇和完善语法体系(包括时态、非谓语动词、虚拟语气、名词性从句,状语从句等),分门别类地把两者结合起来训练,与此同时,坚持课本话题和写作训练相结合。总之,词不离句、句不离段、段不离篇。坚持“点”“线”“面”(知识点、语法线、篇章面)全面推进,这样才能练就“以不变应万变”的实力。

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