导学1(Units 1—3)
2015-04-29
重点知识园地
Unit 1 "Can you play the guitar?
重点词汇
1. guitar "n. "吉他
Can you play the guitar?
你会弹吉他吗?
2. swim "v. amp; n. "游泳
go swimming = go to swim "去游泳
Let’s go swimming this afternoon!
下午去游泳吧!
3. chess "n. "国际象棋
注意:
棋类、球类活动中间不用冠词
I can play chess; can you play basketball?
我会下棋,你会打篮球吗?
4. speak "n. "说(某种语言);说话
I can speak a little English.
我会说一点英语。
5. join "v. "参加;加入
Lisa wants to join the English club.
莉莎想加入英语俱乐部。
I try to invite him to join us.
我试图邀请他加入我们。
6. club "n. "俱乐部
chess/music/art/swimming/sports/English club
国际象棋/音乐/艺术/游泳/运动/英语俱乐部
7. tell "v. "讲述;告诉
He is very good at telling stories.
他很擅长讲故事。
Don’t tell me you are hungry now!
别告诉我你现在就饿了!
tell sb to do sth "让某人做某事
My mother tells me to get up early.
我妈妈让我要早起。
8. write "v. "写作;写字
Can Bill write stories?
比尔能写故事吗?
write to sb "写信给某人
Please write to me soon.
请尽快给我写信。
9. show "n. "演出; 节目
There will be a dance show in students’ center tonight.
今晚学生活动中心会有一场舞蹈秀。
show "v. "给……看;展示
show sb sth = show sth to sb "给某人展示……
Please show me your ID card.
= Please show your ID card to me. "请出示你的身份证。
10. or "conj. "或者;也不(用于否定句)
Can you sing or dance?
你会唱歌或跳舞吗?
They don’t like to eat fish or pork.
他们不喜欢吃鱼肉或是猪肉。
11. talk "v. amp; n. "说话;交谈
Please talk to Mr Zhang after school.
请在放学后找张老师谈话。
1) talk with sb "与某人交谈
2) talk about sth "谈论某事
My mother is talking with my teacher about my study.
我妈妈正在和老师谈论我的学习情况。
Let’s talk about this question.
让我们来讨论一下这个问题。
比较:speak,tell和talk
speak意为“说话”,可表示说某种语言;tell强调“告诉”某人某事;talk强调“谈话”。
12. also "adv. "也
I can speak English and I can speak French.
我能说英语,我也能说法语。
比较:also,too和either
I like English, and he also likes English.
我喜欢英语,他也喜欢英语。(用于肯定句中)
I like English, and he likes English, too.
我喜欢英语,他也喜欢英语。(用于肯定句末)
I don’t like salad, and he doesn’t like salad, either.
我不喜欢沙拉,他也不喜欢沙拉。(用于否定句末)
13. home "n. "家;活动本部
adv. "到家;在家
I stay at home all day.
我整天待在家。
I go home at five o’clock.
我五点回家。
14. make "v. "使成为;制造
We want to make our schoolyard into a beautiful garden.
我们想要把校园变成一个美丽的花园。
make friends with "和……交朋友
Can I make friends with you?
我可以和你交朋友吗?
15. teach "v. "教;讲授
The school needs help to teach music.
学校需要人帮忙教音乐。
Mr Li teaches us Chinese.
李老师教我们语文。
常用词组
play chess "下国际象棋
speak English "说英语
join art club "参加艺术俱乐部
play the guitar "弹吉他
play basketball "打篮球
tell stories "讲故事
at home "在家
on the weekend "在周末
after school "放学后
old people’s home "敬老院
重要句型
1. What club do /does sb want to join?
……想加入……俱乐部吗?
Sb want(s) to join...club. "……想加入……俱乐部。
2. What can sb do? "……会做什么?
Sb can + 动词原形. "……会做……
3. Can sb + 动词原形?……会做……吗?
基本语法
1. 情态动词Can的用法
2. 球类运动和乐器中冠词的用法
— Can you play the drums?
— No, I can’t, but I can play soccer.
— 你会打鼓吗?
— 不,我不会,但我能踢足球。
Unit 2 "What time do you go to school?
重点词汇
1. dress "v. "穿衣服 " "n. "连衣裙
They try to dress him up as a national hero.
他们想他打扮成一个“民族英雄”。
She wears a beautiful evening dress.
她穿着一件漂亮的晚礼服。
1) get dressed "着装
I get dressed at 6:10 am.
我早晨6点10分就穿好衣服了。
2) dress sb "给……穿衣服
The mother is dressing her baby.
母亲正在给她的孩子穿衣服。
2. brush "v. "刷;刷净 " "n. "刷子
I brush teeth every day.
我每天刷牙。
3. usually "adv. "通常地;一般地
I usually get up at seven o’clock.
我通常七点钟起床。
4. never "adv. "从不;绝不
I’m never late for school.
我上学从不迟到。
He never says “Thank you” to me.
他从不对我道谢。
5. early "adv amp; adj. "早(的)
My grandmother gets up early.
我的奶奶起床很早。
6. job "n. "工作;职业
Scott has an interesting job.
斯科特有一份有趣的工作。
7. work "v. amp; n. "工作
He works at a radio station.
他在一家电台工作。
比较:job和work
job是一个可数名词,常用于表示某一具体的工作岗位。work是不可数名词,指需要花费体力或脑力的工作,表示泛指。
I found a job as a waiter.
我找了一份当服务员的工作。
I have too much work to do this afternoon.
今天下午我有很多工作(事情)要做。
8. group "n. "组;群
He begins to sing with a small music group.
他开始随一个音乐小团体表演唱歌。
9. past "prep. "晚于;过(时间) " "adj. "过去的
I take a shower at half past nine in the evening.
我在晚上九点半洗澡。
10. clean "v. "打扫;弄干净 " "adj. "干净的
The classroom is clean. We clean it every day.
这教室很干净,我们每天打扫它。
11. walk "n. amp; v. "行走;步行
She usually swims or takes a walk.
她经常游泳或散步。
He often walks to school.
他常步行上学。
12. either "adv. "或者;也(用在否定词组后)
I either watch TV or play computer games.
我要么看电视,要么打电脑游戏。
13. lot "pron. "大量;许多
She eats a lot of fruit and vegetables for lunch.
她午餐吃很多水果和蔬菜。
lots of = a lot of "许多;大量的
I have a lot of (= lots of ) homework today.
今天我有很多家庭作业。
14. taste "v. "有……的味道;品尝
n. "味道;滋味
The apple tastes sweet.
这个苹果吃起来很甜。
Please taste the soup.
请尝一口汤。
The taste of the cake is chocolate.
蛋糕是巧克力口味的。
常用词组
get up "起床
go to school "去上学
get dressed "着装
brush teeth "刷牙
take a shower "洗淋浴
at night "在晚上
radio station "无线电台
on weekends "在周末
on school days "在上课的晚上(周一到周五)
go to bed "上床睡觉
take a walk "散步
after school "放学后
after that "在那以后
lots of "大量的
重要句型
1. What time do /does sb + 动词原形?
某人在什么时间做……?
Sb + v + 时间. "某人在某时间做……?
What time do you usually get up?
你通常在什么时候起床?
I usually get up at half past six.
我通常在六点半起床。
2. When do /does sb + 动词原形? "某人什么时间做……?
When do your friends exercise?
你朋友什么时间进行锻炼?
3. either... or... "或者……或者……;要么……要么……
注意:either...or...连接句中对应的部分,译成“或者……或者……;要么……要么……”。连接主语时谓语动词的数根据紧挨着的主语确定,即就近原则。
基本语法
一、时间的表达法
1. 直接读数
6:10读作six ten
7:45读作seven forty-five
8:00读作eight o’clock
2. past和to的用法
30分钟及以前用past;超过30分用to,表示差几分钟到几点。注意:读分钟时,30分钟读成half,15分钟读成 a quarter。例如:
6:10读作ten past six
7:50读作ten to eight
10:30读作half past ten
11:45读作a quarter to twelve
二、重难点解析
what time和when的用法
what time用于询问具体的时间点,表示精确时间点如“几点钟”“几点几分”等。when既可以用于询问时间点,也可用于询问其他时间,但若询问年份、月份、日期,只能用when。
Unit 3 "How do you get to school?
重点词汇
1. ride "v. "骑 "n. "旅程
I ride my bike to school every day.
我每天骑自行车去上学。
The bus ride takes about 20 minutes.
搭公交车有20分钟车程。
2. hundred "num. "一百
There are three hundred teachers in our school.
我校有三百名教师。
Hundreds of students have classes on weekends in our city.
在我们城市,成百上千的学生在周末上课。
3. far "adv. amp; adj. "远;远的
How far is it from your home to school?
从你家到学校有多远?
4. new "adj. "新的;刚出现的
She goes out and buys a new dress.
她出门去买了一条新裙子。
5. every "adj. "每一
I have milk and bread for breakfast every day.
我每天吃面包牛奶。
6. drive "v. "开车
Does your father drive his car to work?
你爸爸开车上班吗?
7. live "v. "居住;生活
I live five kilometers from school.
我住在离学校五公里远的地方。
8. cross "v. "横过;越过
He crosses the river to school every day.
他每天过河上学。
9. between "prep. "介于……之间
There is a very big river between their school and the village. "在学校和村庄之间有一条大河。
10. afraid "adj. "害怕;畏惧
1) be afraid "恐怕;害怕
I’m afraid I will be late for class.
我恐怕上课要迟到。
2) be afraid of sth
害怕某物
I am afraid of cats.
我怕猫。
11. true "adj. "真的;符合事实的
Is it true that you don’t like this picture?
你真的不喜欢这幅画吗?
come true "实现
Can their dream come true?
他们的梦想能实现吗?
常用词组
take the subway/by subway "乘地铁
ride a bike/by bike "骑自行车
walk/on foot "步行
drive a car/by car "开车
get to "达到
get there "到那儿
at the bus stop "在公共汽车站
every day "每一天
go on a ropeway "乘滑索
look like "看起来像
come true "实现
重要句型
How do /does sb get to + 地点? "某人怎么去……?
Sb + get to + 地点 + by... "某人……去……
=Sb + 交通方式 + 地点.
How do you /does she get to school?
你/她怎么去上学?
I get /She gets to school by bike.
= I ride /She rides a bike to school.
我/她骑车去上学。