Abstracts of Main Essays

Search for the Consensus of Virtue Issues between the East and the West——A Dialogue between Prof. JIANG Chang and Prof. Michael Slote from the Perspective of Virtue Ethics

JIANG Chang，Michael Slote

It is essential for virtue ethics to come up with a solution to such fundamental issue as the relationship between virtue and virtue ethics，rational purity，between moral character and personality，the source of character and the existence of virtue in society and so on. Based on their discussions and exchanges of ideas about these issues，Prof. Jiangchang has reached some aggreement with his American colleague. They believe that virtue is an important issue，but not all about virtue ethics. Practial rationality contains two aspects：positive and negative，but with no rational purity. Virtue deals mainly with personality，which is related to character. As human nature is the basis for a good life，it may be conducive to the understanding of human nature from all aspects，with a combination of emotional and moral point of views. Opinions of the scholars differ on such issues as whether we need to be seen as a non-moral from the human aspect or as a moral reason mainly from sympathy and empathy，which is also a way to think.

On the Problem Awareness，Value-orientation and Modern Development of Marxist Literary Research——Interview with Prof. DANG Shengyuan Chairman of China Marxist Literary Research Association

DANG Sheng-yuan，DUAN Ji-fang

The rediscovery of the value of the traditional literary theory，the Chinalization of Marxism literary theory and its contemporary form are two key issues of development of Chinese literary theory in the new century. The theoretical construction of contemporary Chinese literary theory and contemporary Chinese Marxist literary theory needs not only full national cultural consciousness，also need the construction of the cultural driving force and the capacity of value creation，and put into the practice of theory as a unified thought process. It is an important theoretical direction for the research and development of Marxism literary theory in contemporary China to explores unity from the miscellaneous，to seek fusion from the conflict，to communicate between the ancient and modern，Chinese and western，and to achieve the dialectical unity of integration and creation，inheritance and innovation.

Study on Yin and Yang Features of Moral Epistemology

Michael Slote

Virtue epistemology is a new epistemological approach. Different from the traditional virtue epistemology，Yin/Yang concept is essential to virtue epistemology，which can help us better understand the core issues of epistemology. The paper brings yin/yang into the center of epistemology，and finds that receptivity and decisiveness constitute yin/yang aspect of epistemology；both empathic and perceptual justification are grounded in yin/yang；both inferential and non-inferential epistemic justification or knowledge are incomprehensible in the absence of yin/yang or the inherent complexity of yin/yang. Therefore，in relation to any possible functioning mind，the epistemic realm as a whole is characterized by an indissoluble yin/yang relationship between（at least seemingly）narrower and more specific indissoluble yin/yang relationships.

Study on Academic Contributions of Jaakko Hintikka

Gabriel Sandu

In memory of Jaakko Hintikka（January 12，1929-August 12，2015），a world-renowned logician and philosopher，this paper reviews his academic contributions in logic and philosophy，including cognitive logic，methods of cross-identification，and an intermediate position between the descriptive view of proper names and the direct theory of reference. It deals with the interrogative

Abstracts of Main Essays

Search for the Consensus of Virtue Issues between the East and the West——A Dialogue between Prof. JIANG Chang and Prof. Michael Slote from the Perspective of Virtue Ethics

JIANG Chang，Michael Slote

It is essential for virtue ethics to come up with a solution to such fundamental issue as the relationship between virtue and virtue ethics，rational purity，between moral character and personality，the source of character and the existence of virtue in society and so on. Based on their discussions and exchanges of ideas about these issues，Prof. Jiangchang has reached some aggreement with his American colleague. They believe that virtue is an important issue，but not all about virtue ethics. Practial rationality contains two aspects：positive and negative，but with no rational purity. Virtue deals mainly with personality，which is related to character. As human nature is the basis for a good life，it may be conducive to the understanding of human nature from all aspects，with a combination of emotional and moral point of views. Opinions of the scholars differ on such issues as whether we need to be seen as a non-moral from the human aspect or as a moral reason mainly from sympathy and empathy，which is also a way to think.

On the Problem Awareness，Value-orientation and Modern Development of Marxist Literary Research——Interview with Prof. DANG Shengyuan Chairman of China Marxist Literary Research Association

DANG Sheng-yuan，DUAN Ji-fang

The rediscovery of the value of the traditional literary theory，the Chinalization of Marxism literary theory and its contemporary form are two key issues of development of Chinese literary theory in the new century. The theoretical construction of contemporary Chinese literary theory and contemporary Chinese Marxist literary theory needs not only full national cultural consciousness，also need the construction of the cultural driving force and the capacity of value creation，and put into the practice of theory as a unified thought process. It is an important theoretical direction for the research and development of Marxism literary theory in contemporary China to explores unity from the miscellaneous，to seek fusion from the conflict，to communicate between the ancient and modern，Chinese and western，and to achieve the dialectical unity of integration and creation，inheritance and innovation.

Study on Yin and Yang Features of Moral Epistemology

Michael Slote

Virtue epistemology is a new epistemological approach. Different from the traditional virtue epistemology，Yin/Yang concept is essential to virtue epistemology，which can help us better understand the core issues of epistemology. The paper brings yin/yang into the center of epistemology，and finds that receptivity and decisiveness constitute yin/yang aspect of epistemology；both empathic and perceptual justification are grounded in yin/yang；both inferential and non-inferential epistemic justification or knowledge are incomprehensible in the absence of yin/yang or the inherent complexity of yin/yang. Therefore，in relation to any possible functioning mind，the epistemic realm as a whole is characterized by an indissoluble yin/yang relationship between（at least seemingly）narrower and more specific indissoluble yin/yang relationships.

Study on Academic Contributions of Jaakko Hintikka

Gabriel Sandu

In memory of Jaakko Hintikka（January 12，1929-August 12，2015），a world-renowned logician and philosopher，this paper reviews his academic contributions in logic and philosophy，including cognitive logic，methods of cross-identification，and an intermediate position between the descriptive view of proper names and the direct theory of reference. It deals with the interrogative

model of inquiry and the analysis of concepts in philosophy of science；the game-theoretical semantics and the treatment of quantifiers in natural language.It also concerns IF logic，and the philosophical reflections on the foundations of mathematics and quantum theory.

New Interpretation of Connotations and Features of LU Jiuyuan’s Ren Theory

XIANG Shi-ling

As a crucial element in Lu Jiuyuan's philosophical ideas，the doctrine of benevolence adds moral and emotional connotations into Lu’s theory of mind- substance. Benevolence can be transmuted into the mind and reason . The value of benevolence is to extend the family love to the common people. It is commendable that the Confucianism emphasizes the benevolence and justice，but it needs to take into account the means and tools as well. Whether a man is the man of benevolence depends on whether he can do his best in benevolence. The mind of benevolence is not equal to the practice of benevolence. One of the characteristics of Lu’s doctrine of benevolence is its emphasis on“deeds”rather than“words”. Namely，true benevolence is demonstrated through its practical utility in helping people. Taking the famine as an example，the problem can only be solved when radical measures are taken on the basis of benevolence for the people.

New Interpretation of Ancient Chinese Novelists’Identity Originating from Paiguan

WANG Qi-zhou，LIU Fu-ling

Story-writer originated from Paiguan（officials of low ranks）in Hanzhi（Hejaz），which exerted a profound influence on the development of Chinese ancient novels，but modern scholars hold different views.YU Jiaxi believed that Paiguan was a minor official in his work Storywriter Derived from Low-ranking Officials. Newly unearthed Qin-Han bamboo Slips indicate that Paiguan refers to the head of a county and its attached officials，and classical works also confirm that Paiguan was a generic name for minor officials，not limited to the Emperor's scholars. The pronunciation of the character稗（bai）was排（pai）in ancient times. In Qin-Han Period，OuYu（talking or whispering）was Pai稗，but in the Western Zhou Dynasty，it retained two systems：one was the Suggestion and Criticism system and the other was the Public Management system. Story-writer had been changed into the lowranking officials who provided services for princes，dukes and ministers in Spring and Autumn Period，and Shi Kuang was a representative. The idea that Story-writer stemed from low- ranking officials uncovered the identity link between storywriters and other professions，and furthermore，it also revealed the stylistic connection between the novels and ballads，odes，jokes，fables. As a comedian was one type of low- ranking officials，comic novels have been a direction of novel development.

Analysis on Hometown Sense and Nostalgia Complex of Emperor MingShizong

DENG Tao

Attachment to hometown is an inherent mentality of the Chinese. Born and brought up in Anlu city，Mingshizong（Zhu Houcong）went to Peking and inherited the imperial throne of Ming Dynasty at the age of fifteen. During his forty-five-years’reign，Mingshizong demonstrated great attachment to his hometown through his efforts to promote his hometown，such as the extension of Xian Mausoleum，the compilation of hometown’record，the southern inspection of Chengtian City，the help to fellow-townsman and so on. Even if some of the efforts may be attempted to embody his stateliness and position，we are still touched by his sincere nostalgia，especially when he expressed his desire of returning to hometown in his old age.

Legal Study on Private International Law Approach of Laborers’Profits Protection

WANG Ji-dong

The modern private international laws attach great importance to the protection of the interests of the weak，which is exemplified in the protection of the laborers’interests. The methods of application of the law of labor contracts consist of the principle of party autonomy，the principle of most significant relationship and mandatory rules，so private international laws mainly adopt these three methods to protect the laborer’interests. But every method has its advantages and weaknesses，only when these three methods are coordinated with each other and complemented by other secondary methods，can private international law protect the laborers’interests thoroughly.