老年人骨质疏松的护理

背景

背景

患者汤女士，74岁，因在阳台上搬动花盆时突感腰部疼痛，不能转动，X片提示腰椎压缩性骨折而入院。患者平时有骨质疏松，背痛，医生曾劝她喝牛奶，补点钙片，但她未遵从医嘱。

Background

The patient Ms.Tang，74years old，had intense lower back pain after bending over and lifting her flowerpots on the balcony，and was unable to move.The X-ray showed a lumbar vertebra compression fracture，and she was admitted to the hospital.She has been suffering mild back pain for some time.Although the doctor had told her to drink more milk and take calcium pills because of her mild osteoporosis，she did not follow the doctor’s orders.

交流

病人：张护士，您告诉我，我的骨头为什么这么不结实呢？我不就搬了一下花盆吗？怎么就断了呢？

护士：汤婆婆，您年纪大了骨质减少了，骨头里有许多小孔，所以不坚实。医学上称为骨质疏松。

病人：那我平时胃口蛮好的，一天三顿饭吃得好好的，怎么会骨质减少呢？

护士：您平时吃点什么？

病人：粥、饭、蔬菜、鱼、蛋。

护士：您吃不吃牛奶、小虾米、炸小鱼、排骨汤之类的食物？

病人：我平时不吃这些的。我不能闻牛奶的味道，闻到就觉得反胃。还有我的牙不好，小虾米、炸小鱼、排骨等也不太吃。

护士：您吃不吃钙片？

病人：哦，有一次我感到骨头痛，去医院看病，医生曾叫我吃钙片，我就吃了半个月左右的钙片和维他命D。后来骨痛好了点，我想这是药片，不能多吃的。

护士：这是什么时候的事？

病人：大约三年前的事。

护士：现在您缺钙比较严重，以至于容易骨折。我建议您今后每天吃1-2瓶牛奶，菜汤里加点虾米。平时也可多吃点深绿色蔬菜、海产品、豆制品和花生。如您实在不喜欢牛奶，那就吃钙片。钙片吃得时间长一点没关系的。这样您的骨质疏松就会好得多。

Interactions

Patient：Miss Zhang，could you tell me why my bones are so fragile？They fractured as I moved only a few flowerpots.

Nurse：Grandma Tang，this is an age-related bone demineralization called osteoporosis.As people grow older they will lose their bone mass，which makes their bones porous and fragile.

Patient：My appetite is good and I have my normal diet.Why should I loss bone mass？

Nurse：What kind of foods do you usually eat？

Patient：Porridge，rice，vegetables，fish，eggs and so on.

Nurse：Do you take milk，small shrimps，fried little fish，and sparerib soup？

Patient：I do not like the smell of milk and feel nauseous when I smell it.I also seldom eat small shrimps，little fried fish，and sparerib soup because my teeth are not very good.

Nurse：Do you take calcium pills？

Patient：Oh，once a doctor told me to take calcium pills because my bones were aching.I took the calcium pills and vitamin D for about half a month.I stopped taking them after the pain reduced，because I thought these pills were medicines and should not be taken for too long.

Nurse：When was that？

Patient：About 3years ago.

Nurse：You are suffering from severe calcium deficiency now which causes your bones to fracture easier.I suggest that you drink one to two bottles of milk a day，soup with small shrimps，green vegetables，seafood，bean products and peanuts.If you do not like milk，you can take calcium pills instead.I think your osteoporosis will improve if you follow my suggestions.