“后置定语”概述
2015-02-10李福荣
李福荣
1. 当形容词修饰由 any-,every-,no-,some-与-body,-one,-thing等构成的复合不定代词时,形容词需要后置。
例如:
My teacher told me something important yesterday. (我的老师昨天告诉我重要的事情。)
Are you sure its something serious? (你肯定情况有些严重吗?)
2. enough修饰形容词或副词时要后置。
例如:
The room isnt large enough. (这个屋子不够大。)
He didnt speak loudly enough. (他说话的声音不够大。)
3. 动词不定式或动词不定式短语作定语时要后置。
例如:
Would you like something to eat? (你想来点吃的吗?)
I have a lot of housework to do. (我有许多作业要做。)
4. 某些过去分词或v-ing短语作定语时要后置。
例如:
Whats the flight number of your plane leaving Beijing? (你离京的航班号是多少?)
We lived in a place called West Lake. (我们住在一个叫西湖的地方。)
5. 某些副词作定语必须后置。这类副词有:here,there,off,below,above,out,home,in,abroad等。
例如:
The teachers here are very young. (这里的教师都很年轻。)
Youd better ask the policeman over there. (你最好问问那边的警察。)
6. 介词短语作定语时要后置。
例如:
The girl in the red hat is one of my classmates. (那个戴红帽子的女孩是我的同学。)
7. 形容词短语作定语时要后置。
例如:
Mother was carrying a basket full of apples. (妈妈提着满满一篮子苹果。)
8. else修饰不定代词:anything,everything,nothing,something;疑问代词或疑问副词:who,what,which;when,where时要后置。
例如:
I have something else to say at the meeting. (我另外还有些事情在会上要说。)
What else would you like to eat? (你还想吃点儿什么?)
9. 定语从句要后置。
例如:
This is the pen which I bought yesterday. (这是我昨天买的那支钢笔。)
The girl who is in red is one of my classmates. (那个穿红色衣服的女孩是我的同学。)
10. 某些形容词:alive,afraid,old,nearby等以及表示长度、宽度、高度、深度的形容词作定语时要后置。
例如:
He is the oldest man alive in the world. (他是世界上活着的年龄最大的人。)
She is ten years old. (她十岁了。)
This is a street 30 meters wide. (这是一条30米宽的街道。)
11. 两个意义相反的形容词并列用作定语时,经常后置。
例如:
All the countries in the world, big or small, are equal. (世界上所有国家,不论大小,一律平等。)
All the people, old or young, should help each other. (所有人,不论老少,应该相互帮助。)
12. 有形容词比较级别的结构修饰名词时后置。
例如:
We need a house twice larger than this one. (我们需要比这个大两倍的房子。)
He has made mistakes almost as many as John did. (他犯的错误几乎和约翰一样多。)
13. 某些以-able,-ible结尾的形容词所修饰的名词之前有形容词的最高级或every,any,only等词修饰时,此类形容词经常后置。
例如:
Tom is the only person suitable for the job. (汤姆是唯一适合这项工作的人。)
Are there any tickets available to Qingdao? (有没有到青岛的车票呢?)
根据所给汉语完成句子(每空一词):
1. 我有重要的事情要告诉你们。
I have ________ ________ to tell you.endprint
2. 你能找个清净的地方吗?
Can you find ________ ________?
3. 正在唱歌的女孩是我的姐姐。
The ________ ________ is my sister.
4. 这是唯一可能采取的解决办法。
Its the only ________ ________.
5. 他是那时唯一醒着的人。
He was the only ________ ________ at the moment.
6. 你还看到别人了吗?
Did you see ________ ________ ?
7. 她年龄不够大,不能去上学。
She isnt ________ ________ to go to school.
8. 我们在回家途中。
We are ________ our ________ ________.
9. 这位老妇人是他在世上活着的唯一亲属。
The old woman is his only ________ ________ in the world.
10. 叫迈克的那个男孩是我弟弟。
The ________ ________ Mike is my brother.
11. 小汽车里的那个男人大约四十岁。
The ________ ________ ________ ________ is about forty years old.
12. 我想要一些吃的。
I want ________ ________ ________.
13. 这里所有的人对我们都很友好。
All the ________ ________ are very friendly to us.
14. 坐满小孩子的那辆公共汽车是我们学校的。
The bus ________ ________ ________ belongs to our school.
15. 那所房子是约翰出生的地方。
That is the ________ ________ John was born.endprint