拉贝洛尔降压下瑞芬太尼抑制子痫前期产妇气管插管反应的半数有效浓度
2014-11-05汪涛等
汪涛等
[摘要] 目的 探讨瑞芬太尼抑制子痫前期产妇气管插管心血管反应的半数有效浓度(EC50)。 方法 选择子痫前期产妇30例,静注拉贝洛尔后诱导,瑞芬太尼初始效应室浓度为3 ng/mL。气管插管心血管反应阳性标准:收缩压或舒张压≥160/110 mmHg。采用Probit概率回归法计算瑞芬太尼EC50及其95%可信区间。 结果 瑞芬太尼抑制气管插管心血管反应的EC50及其95%可信区间为1.93(1.89~1.95)ng/mL。 结论 瑞芬太尼抑制子痫前期产妇气管插管心血管反应的EC50为1.93 ng/mL。
[关键词] 瑞芬太尼;丙泊酚;拉贝洛尔;剂量效应关系
[中图分类号] R614.2 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2014)29-0063-03
Median effective target effect-site concentration of remifentanyl inhibiting cardiovascular response to tracheal intubation in women with preeclampsia under intravenous injection of labetalol
WANG Tao1 ZENG Zhongyou1 ZHANG Wangping2 XU Qun2 ZHANG Yinfa2 XIAO Fei2
1.Department of Anesthesiology, Jiaxing Hospital Chinese Peoples Armed Police Force of Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing 314000, China; 2.Department of Anesthesiology, Jiaxing Women and Childrens Hospital in Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing 314000, China
[Abstract] Objective To determine the median effective concentration (EC50) of remifentanyl inhibiting cardiovascular response to tracheal intubation in women with preeclampsia. Methods Thirty women with preeclampsia were enrolled in this study. The target Ce was set at 3 ng/mL. The positive cardiovascular response was defined as the blood pressure ≥160/110 mmHg. The EC50 (95% confidence interva1) of cardiovascular responses to tracheal intubation was calculated by Probit analysis. Results EC50 (95% confidence interval) of remifentanyl inhibiting cardiovascular response to tracheal intubation was 1.93 (1.89~1.95) ng/mL. Conclusion EC50 of remifentanyl inhibiting cardiovascular response to tracheal intubation is 1.93 ng/mL in women with preeclampsia.
[Key words] Remifentanil; Propofol; Labetalol; Dose-response relationship
在围手术期,阿片类药物常用来抑制机体对气管插管的应激反应[1]。由于阿片类药物可通过胎盘屏障引起新生儿呼吸抑制,故剖宫产术全身麻醉诱导时一般不主张使用。目前普遍的观点仍然是不推荐芬太尼用于剖宫产全身麻醉诱导[2]。瑞芬太尼是短效的阿片类受体激动剂,可有效地抑制气管插管诱发的心血管反应,尤适合高危产科的麻醉诱导[3]。对于子痫患者来说,气管插管诱发心血管反应会增加心脑血管等并发症的发生几率,拉贝洛尔是控制子痫前期高血压的常用药物。本研究拟探讨在使用拉贝洛尔降压时瑞芬太尼抑制产妇气管插管心血管反应的EC50,为子痫产妇全麻应用瑞芬太尼提供参考。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
本研究获医院伦理委员会批准,及患者或家属签署知情同意书。选择2013年1~2月间择期拟行剖宫产的ASAⅡ~Ⅲ级子痫前期产妇30例,年龄20~38岁,平均(28.3±5.6)岁,体重61~85 kg,平均(68.2±7.6)kg,孕34~39周,平均(36.6±2.3)周,身高153~171 cm,平均(158.7±4.6)cm,血小板数(54~70)×109/L,排除支气管哮喘者。在全麻后,采用下腹部横切口剖宫产手术,所有产妇在胎儿娩出后立即给予10 U缩宫素静滴。
1.2 麻醉与监测
产妇入室后开放上肢静脉通路,连接S/5型麻醉监护仪(GE公司生产)监测ECG、BP、HR、SpO2、呼气末二氧化碳分压(PETCO2)。维持手术室温度22℃~24℃,湿度40%~60%。消毒铺巾后麻醉诱导:预吸纯氧5 min后依次静脉注射瑞芬太尼(剂量待定,宜昌人福药业公司,批号6120609,1 mg/支),丙泊酚(北京费森尤斯卡比公司,批号H200408,200 mg/20 mL)1.5 mg/kg,意识消失后接TOF.Watch SX肌松监测仪(Organon公司,爱尔兰)监测左手拇内收肌肌颤搐,采用4个成串刺激(TOF),频率2 Hz,波宽200 s,电流强度40 mA,刺激间隔15 s。定标后,静脉注射罗库溴铵(欧加农制药公司生产,批号479904,50 mg/5 mL)0.6 mg/kg。T4/T1≤5%时由操作熟练的麻醉医师经口明视气管插管(诱导前静注拉贝洛尔0.3 mg/kg),接麻醉机(DATEX-OHMEDA Astiva/5麻醉机)行机械通气,氧流量1 L/min,V=8 mL/kg,RR=12 次/min,吸呼比1∶2,维持PETCO2 35~40 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)。麻醉维持:静脉输注丙泊酚(6~8)mg/(kg·h)和间断静注芬太尼0.1 mg,用BIS监测仪(美国A2000)使麻醉深度维持在BIS值45~60之间,记录麻醉诱导期间血流动力学情况,新生儿行Apgar评分。endprint