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含1,2,4-三唑和席夫碱结构的新型吲哚衍生物的合成及其抗菌活性*

2014-08-29姜羽佳刘兴利郑礼婷赵志刚

合成化学 2014年4期
关键词:席夫碱三唑吲哚

姜羽佳,刘兴利,郑礼婷,赵志刚

(西南民族大学 化学与环境保护工程学院,四川 成都 610041)

·研究论文·

含1,2,4-三唑和席夫碱结构的新型吲哚衍生物的合成及其抗菌活性*

姜羽佳,刘兴利,郑礼婷,赵志刚

(西南民族大学 化学与环境保护工程学院,四川 成都 610041)

根据活性叠加原理,将1,2,4-三唑结构单元和席夫碱结构引入吲哚中,设计并合成了12个新型的含1,2,4-三唑和席夫碱结构的新型吲哚衍生物——1-{2-[4-芳亚甲基氨基-5-(1-对氯苄基-3-吲哚)]-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫代乙基}-吲哚-3-羧酸甲酯(7a~7l),其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,IR,ESI-MS和元素分析表征。初步生物活性测试结果表明:7e(R=4-HOC6H4-)抗大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的IC50分别为4.3,0.27和2.2,优于对照药阿莫西林;7l(R=4-O2NC6H4-)抗金黄色葡萄球菌的IC50为0.26,优于对照药环丙沙星(IC50为1.82)。

吲哚;1,2,4-三唑;席夫碱;合成;抗菌活性

含有吲哚结构的化合物在自然界广泛存在,并具有重要的生物活性,如抗疟疾[1-2]、抗肿瘤[3-4]、抗糖尿病等[5-6]。此外,1,2,4-三唑和席夫碱是天然产物的基本结构单元。研究结果表明,1,2,4-三唑,席夫碱及其衍生物具有广谱的生物活性,如抗菌[7-8]、消炎[9-10]、镇痛[11-12]、抗肿瘤[13-14]、抗痉挛[15]、杀虫等[16]。

随着耐药细菌的不断涌现,设计新型抗菌化合物已成为当今药物化学领域研究的热点之一。为了寻找具有广谱抗菌性的新化合物,并研究其构效关系,根据药物合成中活性叠加原理,本文将1,2,4-三唑结构单元和席夫碱结构引入吲哚中,设计并合成了一系列含1,2,4-三唑和席夫碱结构的新型吲哚衍生物——1-{2-[4-芳亚甲基氨基-5-(1-对氯苄基-3-吲哚)]-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫代乙基}-吲哚-3-羧酸甲酯(7a~7l,Scheme 1),其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,IR,ESI-MS和元素分析表征。并测试了7a~7l对四种致病菌株(大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、绿脓杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌)的抗菌活性。

1 实验部分

1.1 仪器与试剂

WRS-1B型数字显示显微熔点仪(温度未校正);Agilent-400(100MHz)型核磁共振仪(CDCl3为溶剂,TMS为内标);PERKIN-ELMER 1700型红外光谱仪(KBr压片);FINNIGAN-LCQ型质谱仪;Vario MICRO型自动元素分析仪。

大肠杆菌(ATCC 35218),枯草芽孢杆菌(ATCC 6633),绿脓杆菌(ATCC 27853)和金黄色葡萄球菌(ATCC 6538),中国普通微生物菌种保藏管理中心;其余所用试剂均为分析纯。

1.2 合成

(1)1-对氯苄基-吲哚-3-羧酸甲酯(1)的合成

在圆底烧瓶中加入吲哚-3-甲酸甲酯0.5g(2.86mmol),对氯苄氯0.51g(3.18mmol),K2CO31.18g(8.55mmol)及DMF 5mL,搅拌下于35℃反应4h。减压蒸除DMF,残留物用混合溶剂[V(二氯甲烷)∶V(水)=1∶1](3×60mL)萃取,合并萃取液,用无水硫酸钠干燥,蒸除溶剂得白色固体11.0g,收率97%,m.p.106℃~107℃;1H NMRδ:8.19~8.17(m,1H,ArH),7.81(s,1H,ArH),7.28~7.23(m,5H,ArH),7.06~7.04(m,2H,ArH),5.29(s,2H,2-H),3.90(s,3H,CH3);IRν:3052,2982,2937,1694,1532,1490,1465,1386,1190,996,841,740cm-1;ESI-MSm/z(%):322{[M+Na]+,100};Anal.calcd for C17H14NO2Cl:C 68.12,H 4.71,N 4.67;found C 68.45,H 4.69,N 4.70。

(2)1-对氯苄基-吲哚-3-甲酰肼(2)的合成

在圆底烧瓶中加入10.6g(2.00mmol)和85%水合肼10mL(0.18mol),搅拌下回流反应5h。冷却至室温,析出固体,抽滤,滤饼用石油醚淋洗,干燥得白色固体20.56g,收率94%,m.p.145℃~146℃;1H NMRδ:7.95~7.93(m,1H,ArH),7.70(s,1H,ArH),7.26~7.24(m,5H,ArH),7.04~7.02(m,2H,ArH),5.26(s,2H,2-H),4.40~3.80(br s,3H,NHNH2);IRν:3322,3056,2982,1627,1495,1465,1180,935,830cm-1;ESI-MSm/z(%):338{[M+Na]+,100};Anal.calcd for C16H14N3OCl:C 64.11,H 4.71,N 14.02;found C 64.43,H 4.70,N 14.00。

(3)4-氨基-5-(1-对氯苄基-3-吲哚)-3-硫醇-1,2,4-三唑(4)的合成

在圆底烧瓶中加入20.51g(1.7mmol),KOH 0.14g(2.5mmol)和95%乙醇5mL,搅拌使其溶解;缓慢滴加CS20.19g(2.5mmol)的乙醇(10mL)溶液,滴毕,于室温反应2h。过滤,滤饼干燥得白色固体3。

在圆底烧瓶中加入30.31g(0.75mmol)和85%水合肼10mL(0.18mol),搅拌下回流反应12h。冷却至室温,倒入冰水中,用10%盐酸调至pH 5,析出固体,过滤,滤饼用蒸溜水洗涤,干燥得白色固体40.39g,收率89%,m.p.159℃~160℃;1H NMR(DMSO-d6)δ:13.79(s,1H,SH),8.65(s,1H,ArH),8.22~8.20(m,2H,ArH),7.63~7.61(m,2H,ArH),7.63~7.61(m,2H,ArH),7.33~7.29(m,2H,ArH),5.91(s,2H,NH2),5.54(s,2H,2-H);IRν:3302,2958,1620,1485,1223,1090,963,851cm-1;ESI-MSm/z(%):356{[M+H]+,100};Anal.calcd for C17H14N5SCl:C 57.15,H 3.97,N 19.68;found C 57.37,H 3.95,N 19.71。

(4)1-(2-溴乙基)-吲哚-3-羧酸甲酯(5)的合成

在圆底烧瓶中加入吲哚-3-甲酸甲酯0.5g(2.86mmol),1,2-二溴乙烷5.3g(28.19mmol),K2CO32g(14.49mmol)及DMF 20mL,搅拌使其溶解;于室温反应至终点(TLC检测)。减压蒸除DMF,残留物经硅胶H柱层析[洗脱剂:A=V(石油醚)∶V(乙酸乙酯)=6∶1]纯化得白色固体50.62g,收率78%,m.p.175℃~177℃;1H NMRδ:8.51~8.49(m,1H,ArH),8.17~8.15(m,1H,ArH),8.05(s,1H,ArH),7.85(s,1H,ArH),7.41~7.40(m,1H,ArH),7.93~7.24(m,8H,ArH),7.08~7.06(m,2H,ArH),5.34(s,2H,2-H),4.72~4.68(t,J=8.0Hz,2H,3-H),4.39(s,2H,NH2),3.85(s,3H,CH3),3.66~3.63(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,4-H);IRν:3350,3303,2928,1697,1612,1533,1451,1380,1160,1012,918,860,753cm-1;ESI-MSm/z(%):282{[M+H]+,100};Anal.calcd for C29H25N6O2SCl:C 62.53,H 4.52,N 15.09;found C 62.76,H 4.50,N 15.12。

(5)1-{2-[4-氨基-5-(1-对氯苄基-3-吲哚)]-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫代乙基}-吲哚-3-羧酸甲酯(6)的合成

在圆底烧瓶中加入40.5g(1.41mmol),50.39g(1.41mmol),K2CO30.24g(1.74mmol)和DMF 10mL,搅拌下于室温反应至终点(TCL检测)。减压蒸除DMF,残留物经硅胶H柱层析(洗脱剂:A=1∶1)纯化得白色固体60.68g,收率87%,m.p.175℃~177℃;1H NMRδ:8.51~8.49(m,1H,ArH),8.17~8.15(m,1H,ArH),8.05(s,1H,ArH),7.85(s,1H,ArH),7.41~7.40(m,1H,ArH),7.93~7.24(m,8H,ArH),7.08~7.06(m,2H,ArH),5.34(s,2H,2-H),4.72~4.68(t,J=8.0Hz,2H,3-H),4.39(s,2H,NH2),3.85(s,3H,CH3),3.66~3.63(t,J=6.0Hz,4-H);IRν:3350,3303,2928,1697,1612,1533,1451,1380,1160,1012,918,860,753cm-1;ESI-MSm/z(%):557{[M+H]+,100};Anal.calcd for C29H25N6O2SCl:C 62.53,H 4.52,N 15.09;found C 62.76,H 4.50,N 15.12。

(6)7a~7l的合成通法

在圆底烧瓶中加入60.4g(1.13mmol),芳香醛(1.24mmol)及冰乙酸5mL(催化剂和溶剂),搅拌下于100℃回流反应7h。减压蒸除冰乙酸,残留物经硅胶H柱层析(洗脱剂:A=1∶1)纯化得7a~7l。

7a:棕色固体,收率90%,m.p.123℃~124℃;1H NMRδ:8.54~8.51(m,1H,ArH),8.18~8.16(m,1H,ArH),8.17(s,1H,ArH),7.91(s,1H,ArH),7.79(s,1H,1-H),7.69~7.68(m,1H,ArH),7.45~7.43(m,1H,ArH),7.31~7.23(m,7H,ArH),7.09~7.07(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,ArH),6.95~6.94(d,J=4.0Hz,1H,ArH),6.62~6.61(dd,J=3.6Hz,1H,ArH),5.30(s,2H,2-H),4.74~4.71(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,3-H),3.87(s,3H,CH3),3.63~3.60(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,4-H);13C NMRδ:165.37,152.00,149.75,147.59,147.19,143.96,136.37,134.14,134.72,134.65,133.79,129.13,129.03,128.59,126.72,126.26,123.26,123.06,122.67,122.04,121.74,121.59,119.77,112.91,110.05,109.73,107.48,102.17,51.00,49.83,45.78,32.80;IRν:3116,3049,2928,1695,1613,1587,1463,1378,1264,1161,926,845,746cm-1;ESI-MSm/z(%):635{[M+H]+,100};Anal.calcd for C34H27N6O3SCl:C 64.30,H 4.28,N 13.23;found C 64.54,H 4.26,N 13.20。

7b:黄色固体,收率85%,m.p.188℃~189℃;1H NMRδ:8.53~8.51(m,1H,ArH),8.37(s,1H,1-H),8.18~8.16(m,1H,ArH),7.90(s,1H,ArH),7.69(s,1H,ArH),7.67~7.57(m,3H,ArH),7.50~7.44(m,3H,ArH),7.32~7.23(m,7H,ArH),7.08~7.06(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,ArH),5.29(s,2H,2-H),4.75~4.72(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,3-H),3.86(s,3H,CH3),3.65~3.62(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,4-H);13C NMR(DMSO-d6)δ:168.11,164.81,149.05,144.28,136.76,136.70,136.21,135.95,133.67,132.70,131.95,129.90,129.71,129.66,129.53,129.03,126.51,126.12,123.22,123.06,122.14,122.07,121.37,121.14,111.31,111.11,106.23,101.81,51.12,48.97,45.68,33.24;IRν:3111,3057,2931,1692,1587,1532,1490,1377,1224,1091,920,861,746cm-1;ESI-MSm/z(%):645{[M+H]+,100};Anal.calcd for C36H29N6O2SCl:C 67.02,H 4.53,N 13.03;found C 66.80,H 4.51,N 13.06。

7c:黄色固体,收率86%,m.p.180℃~181℃;1H NMRδ:8.56~8.53(m,1H,ArH),8.26(s,1H,1-H),8.19~8.16(m,1H,ArH),7.90(s,1H,ArH),7.63(s,1H,ArH),7.61(s,1H,ArH),7.59(s,1H,ArH),7.46~7.44(m,1H,ArH),7.31~7.22(m,7H,ArH),7.07~6.96(dd,J=8.0Hz,4H,ArH),5.27(s,2H,2-H),4.75~4.71(t,J=8.0Hz,2H,3-H),3.89(s,3H,CH3),3.85(s,3H,OCH3),3.62~3.59(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,4-H);13C NMRδ:165.35,165.10,163.74,149.47,144.18,136.38,136.20,134.68,134.62,133.80,130.93,129.03,128.67,126.72,126.23,123.96,123.27,123.04,122.73,122.07,121.73,121.55,114.71,110.08,109.62,107.45,102.43,55.62,50.96,49.71,45.85,32.61;IRν:3114,3048,2939,2841,1691,1603,1534,1489,1338,1225,1090,919,886,742cm-1;ESI-MSm/z(%):675{[M+H]+,100};Anal.calcd for C37H31N6O3SCl:C 65.82,H 4.63,N 12.45;found C 65.61,H 4.65,N 12.42。

7d:黄色固体,收率88%,m.p.239℃~240℃;1H NMRδ:10.28(s,1H,OH),8.42~8.39(m,1H,ArH),8.38(s,1H,1-H),8.18~8.16(m,1H,ArH),7.90(s,1H,ArH),7.51~7.44(m,3H,ArH),7.43~7.19(m,7H,ArH),7.16~7.14(dd,J=8.0Hz,1H,ArH),7.08~7.04(t,J=8.0Hz,3H,ArH),7.00~6.96(t,J=8.0Hz,1H,ArH),5.25(s,2H,2-H),4.76~4.73(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,3-H),3.86(s,3H,CH3),3.66~3.63(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,4-H);13C NMRδ:169.33,165.32,159.85,148.74,144.78,136.41,136.15,135.45,134.50,134.38,133.92,133.25,129.08,128.59,127.89,126.67,126.13,123.54,123.08,122.32,122.07,121.79,121.76,120.28,117.85,115.62,110.00,109.87,107.60,101.76,50.99,49.86,45.63,32.50;IRν:3410,3133,3053,2943,1697,1596,1532,1488,1264,1161,1034,923,860,747cm-1;ESI-MSm/z(%):661{[M+H]+,100};Anal.calcd for C36H29N6O3SCl:C 65.40,H 4.42,N 12.71;found C 65.21,H 4.40,N 12.74。

7e:白色固体,收率92%,m.p.253℃~255℃;1H NMR(DMSO-d6)δ:10.55(s,1H,OH),8.63(s,1H,1-H),8.33~8.31(m,1H,ArH),8.19(s,1H,ArH),8.01~7.99(m,1H,ArH),7.88(s,1H,ArH),7.74~7.72(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,ArH),7.67~7.65(d,J=8.0Hz,1H,ArH),7.58~7.57(d,J=4.0Hz,1H,ArH),7.33~7.21(m,8H,ArH),6.95~6.93(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,ArH),5.49(s,2H,2-H),4.67~4.63(t,J=8.0Hz,2H,3-H),3.78(s,3H,CH3),3.60~3.57(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,4-H);13C NMR(pyridine-d5)δ:165.48,163.87,162.73,148.44,143.31,135.72,135.40,134.84,134.37,134.13,132.12,130.57,128.16,127.83,127.77,126.04,125.74,122.36,122.11,121.94,120.90,120.59,120.28,115.79,110.00,109.79,109.32,106.19,49.36,48.17,44.86,31.65;IRν:3418,3125,3045,2942,1693,1598,1537,1440,1399,1232,1122,929,832,770cm-1;ESI-MSm/z(%):661{[M+H]+,100};Anal.calcd for C36H29N6O3SCl:C 65.40,H 4.42,N 12.71;found C 65.62,H 4.41,N 12.68。

7f:黄色固体,收率91%,m.p.196℃~197℃;1H NMRδ:8.95(s,1H,1-H),8.41~8.39(m,1H,ArH),8.18~8.15(m,1H,ArH),7.95~7.90(m,2H,ArH),7.65(s,1H,ArH),7.50~7.24(m,10H,ArH),7.11~7.08(d,J=6.0Hz,2H,ArH),5.33(s,2H,2-H),4.76~4.73(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,3-H),3.86(s,3H,CH3),3.69~3.66(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,4-H);13C NMRδ:164.78,161.88,149.18,144.28,136.90,136.70,136.70,136.26,135.97,135.78,134.84,132.70,130.79,130.32,129.71,129.48,129.06,128.70,128.43,126.51,126.07,123.22,123.02,122.12,121.95,121.39,121.10,111.30,111.16,110.00,101.72,51.10,49.00,45.58,33.35;IRν:3122,3041,2924,1689,1583,1535,1461,1338,1235,1161,854,745cm-1;ESI-MSm/z(%):679{[M+H]+,100};Anal.calcd for C36H28N6O2SCl2:C 63.62,H 4.15,N 12.37;found C 63.80,H 4.13,N 12.40。

7g:黄色固体,收率90%,m.p.160℃~161℃;1H NMRδ:8.50~8.48(m,1H,ArH),8.33(s,1H,1-H),8.18~8.15(m,1H,ArH),7.89(s,1H,ArH),7.58(s,1H,ArH),7.48~7.15(m,12H,ArH),7.09(s,1H,ArH),7.07(s,1H,ArH),5.30(s,2H,2-H),4.75~4.72(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,3-H),3.86(s,3H,CH3),3.67~3.64(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,4-H);13C NMRδ:163.95,161.51,149.09,144.24,136.82,136.70,135.91,134.28,134.20,132.68,131.79,130.11,129.68,126.49,126.22,126.12,123.22,123.03,122.11,122.04,121.38,121.13,120.63,120.43,115.36,115.13,51.09,48.95,45.64,33.48;IRν:3125,3057,2925,1696,1582,1533,1487,1380,1227,1162,1090,774cm-1;ESI-MSm/z(%):663{[M+H]+,100};Anal.calcd for C36H28N6O2SFCl:C 65.20,H 4.26,N 12.67;found C 65.02,H 4.27,N 12.64。

7h:黄色固体,收率91%,m.p.157℃~158℃;1H NMRδ:8.50~8.48(m,1H,ArH),8.30(s,1H,1-H),8.17~8.15(m,1H,ArH),7.88(s,1H,ArH),7.68~7.64(m,2H,ArH),7.56(s,1H,ArH),7.44~7.31(m,1H,ArH),7.30~7.24(m,5H,ArH),7.19~7.14(t,J=10.0Hz,3H,ArH),7.08(s,1H,ArH),7.06(s,1H,ArH),5.28(s,2H,2-H),4.74~4.71(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,3-H),3.86(s,3H,CH3),3.65~3.62(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,4-H);13C NMRδ:166.99,164.80,149.02,144.27,136.71,136.20,135.92,132.70,132.20,132.11,129.88,129.74,129.04,126.50,126.11,123.22,123.05,122.13,122.08,121.38,121.13,117.03,116.82,111.30,111.15,109.99,106.22,101.74,51.12,48.98,45.66,33.32;IRν:3122,3055,2923,1689,1602,1579,1490,1385,1227,1089,841,773cm-1;ESI-MSm/z(%):663{[M+H]+,100};Anal.calcd for C36H28N6O2SFCl:C 65.20,H 4.26,N 12.67;found C 65.42,H 4.24,N 12.70。

7i:黄色固体,收率90%,m.p.204℃~206℃;1H NMR(DMSO-d6)δ:9.00(s,1H,1-H),8.25~8.23(m,1H,ArH),8.20(s,1H,ArH),8.05~7.97(m,3H,ArH),7.80~7.77(m,1H,ArH),7.68~7.66(m,1H,ArH),7.62~7.55(m,3H,ArH),7.39~7.37(m,1H,ArH),7.39~7.18(m,8H,ArH),5.55(s,2H,2-H),4.70~4.67(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,3-H),3.75(s,3H,CH3),3.70~3.66(t,J=8.0Hz,2H,4-H);13C NMR(DMSO-d6)δ:164.79,163.78,149.19,144.28,136.91,136.70,136.26,136.01,134.97,134.06,132.70,131.09,130.37,129.74,129.07,129.00,128.91,126.50,126.06,126.00,123.22,123.03,122.13,121.92,121.39,121.11,111.33,111.17,110.00,101.69,51.11,49.01,45.58,33.35;IRν:3119,3049,2942,1687,1578,1534,1491,1386,1234,1160,1087,859,743cm-1;ESI-MSm/z(%):725{[M+H]+,100};Anal.calcd for C36H28N6O2SClBr:C 59.72,H 3.90,N 11.61;found C 59.93,H 3.88,N 11.63。

7j:黄色固体,收率91%,m.p.207℃~209℃;1H NMRδ:8.49~4.72(m,1H,ArH),8.29(s,1H,1-H),8.17~8.15(m,1H,ArH),7.88(s,1H,ArH),7.62~7.49(dd,J=8.0Hz,4H,ArH),7.55(s,1H,ArH),7.44~7.42(m,1H,ArH),7.31~7.23(m,7H,ArH),7.09~7.06(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,ArH),5.28(s,2H,2-H),4.74~4.71( t,J=6.0Hz,2H,3-H),3.86(s,3H,CH3),3.65~3.62(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,4-H);13C NMRδ:166.86,164.78,149.04,144.26,136.70,136.21,135.90,132.76,131.22,131.13,129.93,129.76,129.04,127.50,126.49,126.10,123.23,123.05,122.13,122.06,121.39,121.13,111.28,111.13,109.99,106.23,101.69,51.12,48.98,45.65,33.41;IRν:3121,2943,2054,1685,1585,1534,1450,1387,1225,1120,1091,880,774cm-1;ESI-MSm/z(%):725{[M+H]+,100};Anal.calcd for C36H28N6O2SClBr:C 59.72,H 3.90,N 11.61;found C 59.91,H 3.92,N 11.58。

7k:黄色固体,收率92%,m.p.175℃~176℃;1H NMRδ:8.51(s,1H,1-H),8.43~8.39(m,3H,ArH),8.15~8.13(m,1H,ArH),7.92~7.90(m,1H,ArH),7.68~7.61(m,2H,ArH),7.42~7.22(m,8H,ArH),7.11~7.09(m,2H,ArH),5.31(s,2H,2-H),4.74~4.71(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,3-H),3.84(s,3H,CH3),3.70~3.67(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,4-H);13C NMRδ:165.29,160.05,149.75,148.60,144.09,136.40,136.24,134.61,134.46,133.96,133.93,133.25,130.35,129.10,129.06,128.67,126.97,126.61,126.07,123.46,123.25,123.09,122.45,122.06,121.79,121.73,109.93,109.87,107.64,101.95,51.00,49.81,45.49,33.11;IRν:3116,3046,2942,1692,1588,1531,1450,1402,1227,1163,1012,852,776cm-1;ESI-MSm/z(%):690{[M+H]+,100};Anal.calcd for C36H28N7O4SCl:C 62.65,H 4.09,N 14.21;found C 62.88,H 4.07,N 14.24。

7l:橘黄色固体,收率93%,m.p.187℃~189℃;1H NMRδ:8.53~8.50(m,1H,ArH),8.31(s,1H,1-H),8.28(s,1H,ArH),8.17~8.15(m,1H,ArH),7.95(s,1H,ArH),7.93(s,1H,ArH),7.86(s,1H,ArH),7.48~7.46(m,1H,ArH),7.33~7.26(m,6H,ArH),7.18~7.14(t,J=8.0Hz,3H,ArH),6.99(s,1H,ArH),6.97(s,1H,ArH),5.20(s,2H,2-H),4.76~4.73(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,3-H),3.86(s,3H,CH3),3.64~3.61(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,4-H);13C NMRδ:179.19,164.81,150.06,147.78,144.43,140.60,136.72,136.32,135.97,132.63,129.67,129.61,128.42,126.49,125.85,124.23,123.38,123.07,122.17,121.92,121.47,121.14,111.35,111.11,106.21,101.60,51.14,48.87,45.59,32.19;IRν:3111,3051,2948,1700,1612,1583,1526,1488,1382,1219,1113,1084,852,741cm-1;ESI-MSm/z(%):690{[M+H]+,100};Anal.calcd for C36H28N7O4SCl:C 62.65,H 4.09,N 14.21;found C 62.43,H 4.11,N 14.25。

2 结果与讨论

2.1 表征

1H NMR分析表明,6在4.38的宽单峰为NH质子峰,7a~7l此峰则消失;在9.00~8.10处的单峰是ArCHN(1-H)的CH质子峰,芳环上的氢质子峰出现在8.70~6.80;5.30和3.80附近的两组单峰分别是ArCH2Ar(2-H)和ArCO2CH3的CH3质子峰;SCH2CH2N(3-H和4-H)的质子峰分别出现在4.73和3.62。

13C NMR分析表明,ArCH2Ar的峰出现在50附近,49和45这两组峰来源于SCH2CH2N;ArCO2CH3峰出现在33附近,其他峰则为芳环和吲哚碳峰。

IR分析表明,6的氨基在3459cm-1~3303cm-1处有较强的吸收峰,而7a~7l此峰则消失。7a~7l结构中的C=O和C=N伸缩振动特征峰同时出现在1700cm-1~1685cm-1。

表1 7a~7l的抗菌活性Table1 Antimicrobial activities of 7a~7l

2.2 抗菌活性

以阿莫西林(25μg)和环丙沙星(25μg)为标准对照药物,测试7a~7l的体外抗菌(金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、绿脓杆菌、大肠杆菌)活性。采用二倍稀释法计算试管中含菌体数为1.0×105CFU·mL-1的标准培养液的MIC。

将待测物分别用DMSO(1mL)溶解,依次稀释至最终浓度[(256,128,64,32,16,8,4,2,1,0.5,0.25)μg·mL-1]。将1mL配制好菌液加入各梯度浓度药物原液,于37℃恒温培养20h后观察结果并记录MIC值(表1)。

IC50值则由含菌体数为1.0×105CFU·mL-1的标准培养液的抑菌圈测试来计算。将待测物分别用DMSO(2mL)溶解,依次稀释至最终浓度[(640,320,160,80,40,20,10,5)μg·mL-1]。取0.5mL马克法兰氏浊度标准的菌液在肉汁培养基中培养后,用待测物稀释位于表面增长的细菌使滤纸(直径6mm)饱和。于37℃孵化16h后得抑菌圈直径,由此计算IC50值(表1)。从表1可见,7e,7h,7j和7l对大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有很强的抑菌活性。在抑制大肠杆菌方面,7e,7h和7l优于对照药物阿莫西林,7j则与阿莫西林相当。7e和7l是枯草芽孢杆菌的最有效的抑制剂;7l对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌活性明显优于对照药物阿莫西林和环丙沙星,而7e,7h和7j对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌活性与环丙沙星相当。

以上数据为设计合成更有效抗菌药剂提供了重要研究价值。

3 结论

设计并合成了12个含1,2,4-三唑和席夫碱结构的新型吲哚衍生物。抗菌测试结果表明:7e,7h,7j和7l具有很好的抗菌效果,其中7l抗金黄色葡萄球菌优于标准对照药物环丙沙星,具有开发为新的抗菌药物的潜质。

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SynthesisandAntimicrobialActivitiesofNewIndoleDerivativesContaining1,2,4-TriazoleandSchiffBaseStructure

JIANG Yu-jia, LIU Xing-li, ZHENG Li-ting, ZHAO Zhi-gang

(College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering,Southwest University for Nationalities,Chengdu 610041,China)

A series of new indole derivatives containing triazole and Schiff base structures,methyl 1-【2-{4-arylideneamido-5-[1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl}thio】ethyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylate(7a~7l),were designed and synthesized.The structures were characterized by1H NMR,13C NMR,IR,ESI-MS and elemental analysis.The antimicrobial activities of7a~7lwere evaluated.The tested data exhibits that IC50of7e(R=4-HOC6H4-)againstB.subtilis,E.coliandS.aureuswere 4.3,0.27and 2.2,respectively.Antimicrobial activities is better than Amoxicillin.IC50of7l(R=4-O2NC6H4-)and Ciprofloxacin againstS.aureuswere 0.26and 1.82,respectively.

indole;1,2,4-triazole;Schiff base;synthesis;antimicrobial activity

2014-06-10

四川省科技厅应用基础研究资助项目(2012JY0028);西南民族大学研究生创新型科研项目(CX2013SZ27)

姜羽佳(1990- ),女,汉族,广西南宁人,硕士研究生,主要从事有机合成的研究。

刘兴利,教授,E-mail:liuxingli2000@swun.cn;赵志刚,教授,硕士生导师,E-mail:zzg63129@163.com

O626.13

A

1005-1511(2014)04-0463-08

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