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给校报写信:关注雾霾现象

2014-07-03段永华

高中生学习·高二版 2014年5期
关键词:书面状语句式

段永华

近年高考英语书面表达试题,注重用半开放式的提示给考生足够的发挥空间。而书信,比如建议信的写作也是高考书面表达考查的热点体裁之一。

【试题呈现】

2013年以来,全国多地遭雾霾袭击,这引起人们对空气质量的关注。假设你叫李华,请你根据下列要点写篇短文向校报投稿,介绍相关情况。本篇书面表达反映当今的热点话题:雾霾天气与环保。从提示信息看,本文应该有下面几个要点:

1. 空气污染现状。2013年以来,全国多地遭雾霾袭击,这引起人们对空气质量的关注。

2. 雾霾的原因:这一点需要结合生活实际适当发挥,比如汽车尾气的污染,工厂的污染等;

3. 采取的措施:结合生活实际适当展开叙述,讲一讲我们应该做些什么:①使用公交;②栽种树木。

4. 结尾:我们工共同努力,建设美好家园。

习作一

In recent months haze has frequently appeared in our country, especially in the northern part.

People pay attention to this. Because it is very serious. For example, we breathe in the poisonous air, we may fall ill, and we will suffer badly.

I think there are many reasons why haze is filled in the air. People dont pay enough attention to protect the environment. Besides, there are too many cars in the street that they give off a lot of pollution. As a result, the air is polluted and there is haze in many parts of our country.

As far as I am concerned, Ill do what I can to improve the environment. First, Ill go to school by bus instead of going in a car. Second, Ill call on the people around me to develop some environmentally-friendly habits, and show our respect for the environment.

So, lets protect the environment together.

这是一篇中档习作。

1. 写作中运用了一些高级词汇和短语,比如give off, as a result, instead of, develop, environmentally-friendly, show respect for等。

2. 文章基本围绕所给要点逐条展开叙述,而且叙述有层次,使用了一些过渡词,比如besides, first, second, so。这些过渡词的使用增加了文章的层次感。

3. 文章使用了一些句式结构,比如and连接并列句,why引导定语从句,as far as+状语从句,what引导宾语从句。以及不定式作宾补等。

文章还有不足之处有待完善:

1. 文中出现了一些基础知识和基本表达的错误:①because引导状语从句却没有主句;②and连接简单句并列,而and连接简单句是高分作文之大忌;③出现了错误的表达,比如haze is filled in the air,建议修改为haze is distributed thickly in the air,或the air is filled with haze;

2. 在尝试写一些复杂的句式结构时出现了表达的错误,如:there are too many cars in the street that they give off a lot of pollution,这个句子里的too应该改为so与后文的that构成so…that结构表示“如此……以致于”。

3. 结尾句原本应该掀起一个高潮,回应主题,但本文结尾来了个无病呻吟式的祈使句,最好改用强调、倒装等句式来结束全文。

习作二

Actually, haze has frequently appeared in our country, especially in the northern part. This has aroused widespread concern at home and abroad. There are more traffic accidents and more people suffering from haze-related health problems.

Several factors may account for this. To begin with, there are far too many cars in the street, giving off poisonous gases. Secondly, enormous coal and gas is consumed in factories, which is also to blame for the condition. Whats worse, the many smokers in our country also contribute to the problem.endprint

Luckily, the public has now become aware of the problem, and the government has stepped in to deal with it. When it comes to us students, there are many things we can do. For one thing, we can use public transportation instead of private cars and use clean energy. Meanwhile, we can plant more trees and grass around the campus to produce more fresh air. Im sure that with the joint effors of the government and the public, things will surely improve before it becomes worse.

这是一篇高档习作。

1. 文章结构清晰,段落的衔接与过渡自然。作者使用三段式的篇章结构,分别叙述汉语提示中的三个要点,各要点的叙述发挥自然,主题突出,没有出现表达上的错误。

2. 本文词汇丰富,使用了arouse,enormous,consume,joint,suffer from,haze-related,account for,give off,contribute to,become aware of等高级词汇和短语。

3. 文章使用了各种句式结构,比如现在分词作状语,which引导定语从句,be to blame结构,when引导状语从句等。

4. 为确保各要点的叙述完整,使用了过渡词语,比如在叙述原因时使用了to begin with, secondly, whats worse;叙述做法时使用了for one thing, meanwhile等,这样保证了行文连贯。

【拓展语料】

解释某一现象、阐述事情的原因,或提出解决问题的方法,都是高考书面表达考查的热点和重点内容,在学习过程中我们应该注重相关词汇和句式的积累,并注意文章的布局谋篇。

写作模板

此模板的基本结构是:①问题现状与严重性;②问题的根源,或如何解决;③我对解决此问题的看法。

参考模板(一):

In recent years, we have to face an annoying problem. That is, (某种问题), which is becoming more and more serious, (用非谓语动词说明问题现状). As a consequence, measures must be taken to deal with it before its too late.

1. 合理安排书面表达的写作时间

英语书面表达应该用25分钟的时间完成。不知该如何继续叙述了。只有安排了足够的写作时间,我们才能做到“有话好好说,有话慢慢说”,把要点有条不紊地表达全面,叙述中才能保证要点齐全,过渡自然,不会出现用语或表达的错误,并且才能保证有足够的时间去精心组织语言材料,使用丰富的词汇和各种语法结构。

2. 认真审题,准确叙述

审题包括阅读提供的写作素材,弄清短文的体裁、格式、字数,还有叙述的人称、时态,再确定写作要点,列出简要的提纲。

在书面表达的训练中,我们要养成严谨的习惯,从一词一句到全篇结构,都应该仔细琢磨,还要抄写工整,格式正确。endprint

Luckily, the public has now become aware of the problem, and the government has stepped in to deal with it. When it comes to us students, there are many things we can do. For one thing, we can use public transportation instead of private cars and use clean energy. Meanwhile, we can plant more trees and grass around the campus to produce more fresh air. Im sure that with the joint effors of the government and the public, things will surely improve before it becomes worse.

这是一篇高档习作。

1. 文章结构清晰,段落的衔接与过渡自然。作者使用三段式的篇章结构,分别叙述汉语提示中的三个要点,各要点的叙述发挥自然,主题突出,没有出现表达上的错误。

2. 本文词汇丰富,使用了arouse,enormous,consume,joint,suffer from,haze-related,account for,give off,contribute to,become aware of等高级词汇和短语。

3. 文章使用了各种句式结构,比如现在分词作状语,which引导定语从句,be to blame结构,when引导状语从句等。

4. 为确保各要点的叙述完整,使用了过渡词语,比如在叙述原因时使用了to begin with, secondly, whats worse;叙述做法时使用了for one thing, meanwhile等,这样保证了行文连贯。

【拓展语料】

解释某一现象、阐述事情的原因,或提出解决问题的方法,都是高考书面表达考查的热点和重点内容,在学习过程中我们应该注重相关词汇和句式的积累,并注意文章的布局谋篇。

写作模板

此模板的基本结构是:①问题现状与严重性;②问题的根源,或如何解决;③我对解决此问题的看法。

参考模板(一):

In recent years, we have to face an annoying problem. That is, (某种问题), which is becoming more and more serious, (用非谓语动词说明问题现状). As a consequence, measures must be taken to deal with it before its too late.

1. 合理安排书面表达的写作时间

英语书面表达应该用25分钟的时间完成。不知该如何继续叙述了。只有安排了足够的写作时间,我们才能做到“有话好好说,有话慢慢说”,把要点有条不紊地表达全面,叙述中才能保证要点齐全,过渡自然,不会出现用语或表达的错误,并且才能保证有足够的时间去精心组织语言材料,使用丰富的词汇和各种语法结构。

2. 认真审题,准确叙述

审题包括阅读提供的写作素材,弄清短文的体裁、格式、字数,还有叙述的人称、时态,再确定写作要点,列出简要的提纲。

在书面表达的训练中,我们要养成严谨的习惯,从一词一句到全篇结构,都应该仔细琢磨,还要抄写工整,格式正确。endprint

Luckily, the public has now become aware of the problem, and the government has stepped in to deal with it. When it comes to us students, there are many things we can do. For one thing, we can use public transportation instead of private cars and use clean energy. Meanwhile, we can plant more trees and grass around the campus to produce more fresh air. Im sure that with the joint effors of the government and the public, things will surely improve before it becomes worse.

这是一篇高档习作。

1. 文章结构清晰,段落的衔接与过渡自然。作者使用三段式的篇章结构,分别叙述汉语提示中的三个要点,各要点的叙述发挥自然,主题突出,没有出现表达上的错误。

2. 本文词汇丰富,使用了arouse,enormous,consume,joint,suffer from,haze-related,account for,give off,contribute to,become aware of等高级词汇和短语。

3. 文章使用了各种句式结构,比如现在分词作状语,which引导定语从句,be to blame结构,when引导状语从句等。

4. 为确保各要点的叙述完整,使用了过渡词语,比如在叙述原因时使用了to begin with, secondly, whats worse;叙述做法时使用了for one thing, meanwhile等,这样保证了行文连贯。

【拓展语料】

解释某一现象、阐述事情的原因,或提出解决问题的方法,都是高考书面表达考查的热点和重点内容,在学习过程中我们应该注重相关词汇和句式的积累,并注意文章的布局谋篇。

写作模板

此模板的基本结构是:①问题现状与严重性;②问题的根源,或如何解决;③我对解决此问题的看法。

参考模板(一):

In recent years, we have to face an annoying problem. That is, (某种问题), which is becoming more and more serious, (用非谓语动词说明问题现状). As a consequence, measures must be taken to deal with it before its too late.

1. 合理安排书面表达的写作时间

英语书面表达应该用25分钟的时间完成。不知该如何继续叙述了。只有安排了足够的写作时间,我们才能做到“有话好好说,有话慢慢说”,把要点有条不紊地表达全面,叙述中才能保证要点齐全,过渡自然,不会出现用语或表达的错误,并且才能保证有足够的时间去精心组织语言材料,使用丰富的词汇和各种语法结构。

2. 认真审题,准确叙述

审题包括阅读提供的写作素材,弄清短文的体裁、格式、字数,还有叙述的人称、时态,再确定写作要点,列出简要的提纲。

在书面表达的训练中,我们要养成严谨的习惯,从一词一句到全篇结构,都应该仔细琢磨,还要抄写工整,格式正确。endprint

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