把脉十组易混形容词和副词

谢奎金

一、almost/nearly/hardly/merely/equally（近乎）

1. I wasnt blaming anyone；I _____ said errors like this could be avoided.

A. merely B. mostly C. rarely D. nearly

2. The island is _____ attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.

A. partly B. merely

C. nearly D. equally

分析：答案分别为AD。almost常与no/any/never等搭配。nearly常与数词连用，或与not连用构成not nearly，或与very/pretty连用。hardly表示否定，意为“几乎不”。merely表示程度，意为“仅仅”。equally意为“一样地，同等地”。

二、so/such（那么）

3. When Mom looked back on the early days of their marriage，she wondered how they had managed with _____ money.

A. so few B. such few

C. so little D. such little

4. The Great Wall is _____ tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.

A. so a well-known B. a so well-known

C. such well-known a D. such a well-known

分析：答案分别为CD。so为副词，后接形容词或副词，后接形容词时，常见于“so+adj.+a/an+n.”结构中。such为限定词，相当于形容词，可用作前位限定，常见于“such+ a/an+ adj.+n.”结构中，若用在数词、不定代词后则为后位限定词。

三、rather/fairly/pretty/quite（相当）

5. It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music，but it is _____ another to play it well yourself.

A. quite B. very C. rather D. much

6. It was a nice house，but _____ too small for a family of five.

A. rarely B. fairly C. rather D. pretty

分析：答案分别为AC。fairly的语气最弱，quite次之，rather的语气最强。rather表示轻微的批评、失望或惊讶。表示某物既不好也不坏时，用其余三个副词，quite与形容词连用修饰名词时须置于冠词前，只有rather可以和比较级连用。

四、much/too/very（非常）

7. Usually John would be late for meetings. But this time，_____ to my surprise，he arrived on time.

A. little B. much C. ever D. even

8. Its high time you had your hair cut；its getting _____.

A. too much long B. much too long

C. long too much D. too long much

分析：答案分别为BB。very用来修饰由动词-ing形式转化而来的形容词，一般不用在比较级前。much则修饰由动词-ed形式转化而来的形容词，可以用在比较级前，作修饰语。too有“太多，超出”之意，其前可由never，only等词修饰，表示肯定意义，还可由much/rather等表示程度的词来修饰，too...to表示“太……而不能”。

五、entirely/extremely/largely（完全）

9. She devoted herself _____ to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field.

A. strongly B. extremely

C. entirely D. freely

10. The great success of this programme has been _____ due to the support given by the local businessmen.

A. increasingly B. roughly

C. largely D. entirely

分析：答案分别为CC。largely意为“在很大程度上，多半”，程度最弱。entirely意为“完全地”，用法同completely或thoroughly，程度较强。extremely意为“极其，极端”，程度最强。

六、normal/usual/regular（通常）

11. A new _____ bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate two months ago.

A. normal B. usual

C. regular D. common

12. Disabled as he was，he still wanted to lead a perfectly _____ life.

A. common B. regular C. normal D. usual

分析：答案分别为CC。normal意为“正常的”，描述预料之中的常规事物。usual意为“像往常，寻常的”。regular意为“定期的，有规律的”。

七、ever/once（曾经）

13. I thought she was famous，but none of my friends have _____ heard of her.

A. even B. ever C. just D. never

14. This book was famous _____，but nobody reads it today.

A. once B. ever C. since D. before

分析：答案分别为BA。ever用于否定句、疑问句和if从句中，表示“曾经”，时态不固定。once意为“曾经”，用过去时，描述过去一度发生的动作或状态。

八、already/yet（已经）

15. We have _____ to decide what action to take. It depends on the situation.

A. yet B. still C. already D. ever

16. We got there early but Mike had _____ left.

A. even B. just C. yet D. already

分析：答案分别为AD。have yet to do相当于have not done，表示“尚未做”。already通常用于肯定句中，也可用在疑问句中，常暗示说话人“惊奇”“意外”。yet用于否定句，表示“还，尚”；用于疑问句，表示“已经”；用于肯定句，表示“仍然，还”。

九、anyway/however（不管）

17. Im certain David has told you his business troubles. _____，its no secret that he owes a lot of money to the bank.

A. However B. Anyway

C. Therefore D. Though

18. We sometimes blame others for not understanding what we say. More often than not， _____，people couldnt understand us because we didnt make ourselves clear.

A. otherwise B. anyway

C. though D. however

分析：答案分别为BD。anyway表示让步，意为“不管怎样，不论如何，话又说回来”等。however表示转折，意为“然而”。两者均可用作连接副词，置于句首时，用逗号将其与主句隔开。

十、probably/possibly/likely/perhaps（可能）

19. Studies show that people are more _____ to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.

A. likely B. possible

C. probable D. sure

20. Could you _____ take care of my dog while Im away？

A. perhaps B. probably

C. likely D. possibly

分析：答案分别为AD。perhaps与possibly通常可以通用。perhaps常用在口语中，且多置于句首。possibly常和情态动词连用。probably同most likely，可能性最大。likely作副词时，主要用在most或very后；作形容词时，likely的主语既可以是人，也可以是物，有“It is likely that...”“be likely to do”两种表达方式。

（作者单位：河南郑州市十九中）

（责任编校 筑彭益）