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Unit 4 What would you do ?课外拓展

2014-04-29刘素庚

初中生学习·低 2014年11期
关键词:咨询室心理咨询中学生

刘素庚

链接一:英语对话和作文

A=Susan B= Susans mother

A: How bitter life! The teacher said I told a lie. Just because I told her that I forgot my homework. She shouted at me. She was so angry! She said she wanted to write a note to you.

B: Yes, indeed.

A: In front of the class to be called a liar (说谎的人)must make me shameful.

B: Really very shameful. I bet you must say a few bad words about her!

A: Yes! How do you know?

B: When someone hurts us, we usually do. Math is a difficult subject.

A: Some questions are hard to answer.

B: The teachers words are not to make things easier to solve.

A: Math makes people feel stupid.

B: I bet you will do better in class if you try your best. Next time, you will feel at ease.

A: But the exam must be rather tough.

B: You must be very worried about you wont pass the exam.

A: You must be very worried about what I will think.

B: We know that some subjects are difficult.

A: You must be very worried that I will lose interest in it.

B: We believe you will do your best. You are a smart girl.

A: I think I will.

1.吸烟有害健康。然而,有些中学生却认为吸烟是件很酷的事,如果你的身边有同学吸烟,你该怎么办?请按提示写一篇短文,题目自拟。

内容提示:

1. 吸烟不仅危害自身健康,也损害周围人的健康;

2. 有些青少年因无足够的钱来买香烟而引致偷窃犯罪;

3. 应该马上停止吸烟,多进行体育活动。

要求:

1. 不要逐字翻译内容提示;

2. 词数不少于100词。

______________________________________

Stop Smoking

Nowadays, some boy students smoke, and they think it cool to do that. But I dont think so.

If the boys around me smoked, I would do something to stop them from smoking. First, I would tell them that smoking is bad for health in many ways. As far as I know, smoking leads to cancer and bad memory. Its not only harmful to the smokers but also to the people around them. Second, I would tell them that some students stole because they didnt have money to buy cigarettes. Step by step, they broke the law, and were punished. Of course, I would also give them some advice to help them stop smoking. I think they should give up smoking at once, and they should do more exercise instead.

If the students around me smoked, I would try my best to help them give up smoking.

2. 网络已经成为现代生活中十分重要的一个方面,但是它在为我们带来便利的同时也带来了很多危害。现在,全国有很多中学生沉迷网络,不能自拔,严重影响了他们的身心健康。假设你们学校正在开展“网友知心一帮一”的活动,你要帮助一名沉迷网络的中学生李兵戒除网瘾。这是你第一次给他发邮件,请你告诉他长时间上网、沉迷网络的危害,并且告诉他如果你是他你会怎么办。你的名字叫王宁。

内容提示:

1. 长时间上网对眼睛、大脑和心脏有着严重的危害;

2. 长时间上网不仅浪费时间而且极容易耽误学业;

3. 请父母帮助控制上网时间;经常和朋友们一起进行体育锻炼等。

要求:不要逐字翻译内容提示,可适当增加细节内容。

Dear Li Bing,

How are you?My name is Wang Ning. Its the first time I write to you. I was told that you love surfing Internet very much and always spend too much time on the Internet. I like the network, but I never spend too much time doing that. As far as I know, to our young students, spending too much time surfing the Internet is really bad for eyes, brain and heart. If I were you, I wouldnt do like that, because its not only bad for health but also bad for study. As a student, we should have enough time to study and rest. So surfing the Internet is sometimes wasting time to us. I know that is pretty difficult to give up doing the thing you like. If I were you, I would ask my parents to help control the time I take. And I think it is a good idea to spend some time doing sports or chatting with friends. It may help you forget the Internet for a while.

Wish you all the best!

Yours,

Wang Ning

3.假如你的同学Lucy是独生女,父母对她的期望很高,只关心他的学习成绩,不让她看电视、上网,她觉得有很多烦恼,却不知向谁诉说。请你给她写封邮件,帮帮她吧。

要求:

1. 注意书信格式;

2. 不要逐字翻译内容提示。

Dear Lucy,

How are you?

I am sorry to hear that you have some trouble. My parents used to be very strict with me. I am not allowed to watch TV or surf the Internet. I felt very unhappy, because I thought that I was no longer a child and teenagers should be allowed to do things they like instead of studying all the time. Then I talked with them. I said I should be given more opportunities to develop myself,and I promised that the things I do wouldnt get in the way of my schoolwork. Finally, they agreed with me, and of course I kept my word. Now, I would talk with my parents whenever I have some trouble, and they are always helpful.

So I think your problem is that you and your parents should understand each other more. If I were you, I would talk to them about all these problems you have. Understanding between parents and child is very important.

Good luck!

Yours,

Tracy

链接二:国外心理咨询现状。

现代心理学知识体系源自西方,已有一百多年的历史。现介绍国外几个国家是如何对中学生进行心理辅导,解决中学生可以存在的心理问题的。

美国

在当今的美国,随着就业压力增大、离婚率上升及学校课程加深等,美国中小学学生犯罪、行为不端、精神疾病、厌学逃学、暴力破坏等成为普遍问题。针对这种情况,美国逐渐建立起一套完整的、综合的中小学生心理咨询体系,即国家拨款,社会各组织合作,专职人员辅导,从而使中小学生的心理得以健康发展。全美90%以上的中小学校开展了对学生的心理辅导工作,或常设专门机构、专业人员担当此任,或雇佣受过职业训练的心理专家对学生进行评估、诊断或干预。例如:美国新泽西州的“学校青少年计划”,加利福尼亚州的“健康始于主动性”,纽约州的“灯塔计划”等。

在我国,人们称从事学校心理工作的人为学校心理辅导员或心理教师。而在美国,学校里并没有专设此类人员,而是由专业的学校心理学家(school psychologist)从事第一线的心理辅导、心理诊断、心理咨询、评估和干预等工作,并由他们将这些资料记入档案,进行管理和研究,同时必须遵循一系列的保密原则。

日本

根据日本教育基本法的规定,教育的目的是:“以陶冶人格为目标,培养出和平国家和社会的建设者,爱好真理和正义、尊重个人价值、注重劳动与责任、充满独立自主精神的身心健康的国民。”根据这个教育目的,日本教育界认为,教育者应当让孩子从小就获得健康的心理状态,学会处理各种影响身心健康的问题,以达到促进终身健康与安全生活的目的。在日本的中小学,心理健康教育是非常重要的一个课程,主要是帮助学生解决成长、生活、学习以及人际交往中出现的各种问题。无论是国家级还是地方自治体,近年来都倾注全力来培养教育心理咨询人员。现在,全国的都、道、府、县各中学都设置了“教育咨询室”。心理健康教育主要通过教育咨询室(也称作学校保健教育咨询室、学校健康教育咨询室、学校教育咨询室、心理咨询室等),解决中小学生对学习生活不适应、与人交往有困难和家庭内部不和谐等问题,以及常出现的与精神有关的病症和心理问题,如头痛、失眠等心因性疾病等,维护和促进学生的身心健康,培养学生适应社会变化的能力,改善其人际关系,促进个性的开发与成长,使学生形成适应未来社会的价值观等。

德国

德国学校心理健康教育类型除了特殊教育、行为矫治和学业指导外,特别重视学生的职业指导和定向工作,因而更富有特色。由于国家的学校心理健康教育工作者能够广泛地参与学校内外的诸方面工作,能详尽地了解学生心理问题的状况和根源,因而保证了心理服务的针对性和有效性。

法国

如果你拨通法国东部弗朗什孔泰地区青少年健康行动网协会的电话,向法国专家请教解决青少年心理问题的有效良方时,协会心理学专家玛丽·若泽巴罗女土会毫不迟疑地回答说:“倾听!”

让有心理障碍的孩子尽情倾诉,然后再循循善诱帮助他们恢复心理平衡。正是为给有心理障碍的青年以“倾诉天地”,该地区青少年健康行动网协会开通“倾听热线”,所有青少年、家庭和与青少年教育有关的,都可以免费拨打热线向专家倾诉烦恼痛苦,讲述遇到的问题。与此同时接受倾诉专家须耐心听取诉说与倾诉者交流并提供有关咨询建议和心理帮助并保守秘密。

澳大利亚、新西兰

把“体育课”改为了“健康与体育课”,把体育课程与健康课程、家政课程融合成一门综合课,这种学科性质的融合发生了质的变化,再也不是传统意义上的体育课了。在澳大利亚、新西兰的“健康与体育”课程标准中,还提出了7个关键学习领域:心理健康、性特征教育、食物和营养、身体养护和安全、身体活动、运动学习、户外教育。运动学习仅是7个关键领域的组成部分,其学科的综合性显而易见,但其中反映出了更为重要的特征,这就是7个关键学习领域,单单靠课堂教学是无法完成的。这些指导性意见不仅是针对正规课程教学,而且还针对课外、校外甚至社会和家庭都具有广泛的指导意义。

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