图说2013年全球大事

文/From+bbc.co.uk+译/张晓敏

Jimmy Greene kisses his wife Nelba Marquez Greene as he holds a portrait of their daughter， Sandy Hook School shooting victim Ana Marquez Greene， at a news conference at Edmond Town Hall in Newtown， Conn. on January 14， 2013. One month after the mass school shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School， the parents joined a grassroots initiative1） called Sandy Hook Promise to support solutions for a safer community.

Beijing's Forbidden City， obscured2） by thick smog on January 16， 2013. Since the beginning of 2013， the levels of air pollution in Beijing have been dangerously high， with thick clouds of smog chasing people indoors， disrupting air travel， and affecting the health of millions. At one point year 2013 the pollution level measured 40 times recommended safety levels. Authorities are taking short-term measures to combat the current crisis， shutting down some factories and limiting government auto usage.

President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama share a dance during the Commander-In-Chief Inaugural3） ball at the Washington Convention Center during the 57th Presidential Inauguration on January 21， 2013， in Washington.

A twin bomb attack at the finishing line of the Boston Marathon on April 15， 2013， killed three and injured more than 260. One of the suspects， Dzhokhar Tsarnaev， pleaded not guilty to all charges in his first court appearance. Mr. Tsarnaev's older brother Tamerlan， 26， was killed days after the attack during the massive police operation. He is also suspected of carrying out the attacks.

A farmer puts baskets of newly hatched ducklings in a hatch room at a poultry4） egg trading market in Wuzhen town， Tongxiang， Zhejiang province on April 18， 2013. China's poultry sector has recorded losses of more than 10 billion yuan （$1.6 billion） since reports emerged of a new strain of bird flu， an official at the country's National Poultry Industry Association told Reuters. An elderly man in eastern China died of bird flu on April 23， 2013， bringing the death toll from a strain that recently emerged in humans to 22， a provincial health agency reported.

In June， 2013， a swimming pool is surrounded by flood water from the river Elbe near Madgeburg in Germany. Heavy rainfall over Europe swelled many rivers past their flood stage， wreaking havoc5） unseen in decades across Germany， Austria， Switzerland， Hungary， Slovakia， Poland， and the Czech Republic. At least 18 people across the region were killed， and tens of thousands were evacuated6）.endprint

A Boeing 777 aircraft crash-landed at San Francisco international airport on July 6， 2013， killing two female Chinese teenagers who had been seated at the back of the aircraft and injuring dozens more. More than 300 people were on the Asiana Airlines Flight 214， from South Korea's capital， Seoul. Passengers and crew escaped down emergency slides as the plane burst into flames. A senior pilot in the cockpit only realized the plane was flying too slowly when it was 200 ft （60 m） above the ground， according to officials.

Typhoon Haiyan， one of the most powerful storms to make landfall7） ever recorded， swept through the central Philippines in November， 2013. The storm left a trail of devastation and killed almost 6000 people. After this picture appeared on the front of The Times and appeal posters， this boy was traced. Joshua Cator， 11， lost his mother and sister in the storm， though his father survived.

Nelson Mandela， the prisoner-turned-president who reconciled8） South Africa after the end of apartheid9）， died on December 5， 2013， at the age of 95. Nelson Mandela is the anti-apartheid icon and father of modern South Africa.

China's lunar rover10） Yutu （"Jade Rabbit"） is seen by a camera on the country's Chang'e 3 lander after both successfully landed on the moon on December 14， 2013. This was China's first lunar rover mission and the first soft-landing on the moon in 37 years.

2013年1月14日，在康涅狄格州纽敦镇的埃德蒙市政厅举行的一场新闻发布会上，桑迪·胡克小学枪击案受害者安娜·马克斯·格林的父亲吉米·格林手拿女儿的照片亲吻妻子奈尔芭·马克斯·格林。桑迪·胡克小学发生大规模枪击案一个月之后，这对父母加入了民间倡议活动“桑迪·胡克的承诺”，以支持建立更安全的社区的各种解决方案。

2013年1月16日，北京的故宫笼罩在浓重的雾霾中。自2013年年初以来，北京的空气污染等级一直居高不下，极具危害。浓重的雾霾将市民逼到室内，导致航班中断，数百万人的健康受到影响。在2013年内，空气污染指数一度达到安全指数的40倍。为了应对这场危机，相关部门采取了一些短期措施，关闭了一些工厂，并限制政府公车使用。

2013年1月21日，美国第57届总统就职典礼在华盛顿举行，美国总统巴拉克·奥巴马与第一夫人米歇尔·奥巴马在华盛顿会议中心举办的总统就职舞会上共舞。

2013年4月15日，在波士顿马拉松比赛终点线附近发生了两起爆炸事故，导致三人死亡，260多人受伤。其中一名嫌犯焦哈尔·察尔纳耶夫在第一次出庭时对所有指控请求做无罪辩护。爆炸发生几天后，察尔纳耶夫26岁的哥哥塔梅尔兰在警方大规模的抓捕行动中身亡。塔梅尔兰也是参与此次爆炸案的嫌犯之一。

2013年4月18日，在浙江桐乡乌镇的一个禽蛋交易市场上，一位农民把一筐筐刚孵化出的小鸭子放进孵化室里。中国畜牧业协会禽业分会的一名官员告诉路透社记者，据统计，自新一轮禽流感爆发以来，中国家禽业损失100多亿元（16亿美元）。据一家省级卫生机构报道，2013年4月23日，中国东部地区的一名老人因感染禽流感死亡，至此，死于这种新型致病性禽流感的人数达到22人。

2013年6月，一个游泳池被发自德国马德堡附近易北河的洪水包围。欧洲普降暴雨，致使许多河流水位超过警戒线，给德国、奥地利、瑞士、匈牙利、斯洛伐克、波兰和捷克造成了数十年未见的灾难性后果。该区域至少有18人死亡，数以万计的居民被疏散。

2013年7月6日，一架波音777飞机在旧金山国际机场降落时坠毁，坐在飞机尾部的两名中国女中学生遇难，数十人受伤。这架从韩国首都首尔出发的韩亚航空214航班上共搭乘了300多名乘客。飞机起火时，乘客和机组人员自紧急逃生滑梯逃出。据官方消息，驾驶舱里的一位高级驾驶员在飞机距地面只有200英尺（约60米）时才意识到飞机当时速度过慢。

2013年11月，有气象记录以来登陆的最强台风之一“海燕”横扫菲律宾中部，所到之处，损失惨重，导致近6000人遇难。这张照片刊登在《泰晤士报》头版并出现在号召援助的海报上后，人们查探出了照片中男孩的遭遇。这个孩子名叫乔舒亚·卡特，当时11岁，在台风中失去了母亲和姐姐，只有父亲幸免于难。

2013年12月5日，纳尔逊·曼德拉，这位结束了种族隔离制度并把南非团结起来的曾在监狱中度过一段岁月的总统与世长辞，享年95岁。曼德拉是南非反种族隔离的标志性人物，也是现代南非之父。

2013年12月14日，中国“玉兔号”月球车和“嫦娥三号”着陆器成功登陆月球，上图是通过“嫦娥三号”上安装的摄像机拍摄到的“玉兔号 ”。这是37年来中国首次完成探月任务并实现月球软着陆。

1. initiative [??n???t?v] n. 主动的行动；倡议

2. obscure [?b?skj??（r）] vt. 遮掩；使模糊不清

3. inaugural [??n??ɡj?r?l] adj. 就职的

4. poultry [?p??ltri] n. 家禽

5. havoc [?h?v?k] n. （天灾、战争等带来的）大破坏，大毁灭

6. evacuate [??v?kjue?t] vt. 疏散；撤离

7. landfall [?l?ndf??l] n. 着陆；登陆

8. reconcile [?rek?nsa?l] vt. 使一致；调和

9. apartheid [??pɑ?ta?t] n. 种族隔离制度

10. lunar rover： （在月球表面进行探测的）月球车endprint