Module 5 The Great Sports Personality

高考词汇

guarantee vt. 保证

purchase vt. 购买

declare vt. 宣布

extend vt. 延长

score vi. & vt. 得分

retire vi. 退休

perform vi. 表现

词汇短语园地

1. retire vi. 退休，退职

vt. 使退休，令退职

My dream is to retire to a villa in France.

我的梦想是退休后在法国住上一栋别墅。

She was retired on medical grounds.

她由于健康原因被安排退休了。

1) retire from sth 从……退休

She was forced to retire early from teaching because of ill health.

她由于身体不好而被迫早早地从教学岗位上退休。

2) retire as sth 从……位子上退休

He has no plans to retire as editor of the magazine.

他还不打算从杂志编辑的位子上退休。

retirement n. 退休，退职；退休生活

retiree n. 退休人员，退休者

retired adj. 已退休的，已退职的

2. perform vi. 表现；工作，运转（好/不好）

vt. 做，履行，执行；演出，表演

Our team performed very well in yesterdays games.

在昨天的运动会上我们队表现出色。

The engine seems to be performing well.

发动机似乎运转正常。

She performs an important role in our organization.

她在我们的组织中发挥着重要的作用。

The play was first performed in 1987.

这出剧于1987年首次演出。

3. advantage n. 优势，有利条件；长处

She had the advantage of a good education.

她具备受过良好教育的优势。

Is there any advantage of getting there early?

早到那里是否有利？

1) advantage over sb 比某人有利

Being tall gave him an advantage over the other players.

他个子高，比其他运动员有利。

2) take advantage of sth/sb 利用；占……的便宜

We took full advantage of the hotel facilities.

我们充分享用了宾馆设施。

He took advantage of my generosity.

他利用我的慷慨占了便宜。

3) to sbs advantage 对某人有利

It would be to your advantage to attend this meeting.

参加这次会议会对你有利。

4) turn sth to advantage 使某物发挥作用

We must turn our knowledge to advantage.

我们必须使我们的知识发挥作用。

4. score vt. 得分；分值是，得……分；评分，打分数

vi. 得分；记分

n. 得分，比分

She scored 98 in the French test.

她法语考试考了98分。

Score three points on your list for our side.

在你的单子上为我们这边记上3分。

The tests are scored by psychologists.

测验由心理学家评分。

Fraser scored again in the second half.

弗雷泽在下半场时再次得分。

Who is going to score?

谁来记分呢？

Who made that last score?

谁最后得分了？

1) score off sb（尤指在辩论等活动中机灵地）驳倒，挫败

He was always trying to score off his teachers.

他总和老师抬杠。

2) score sth out/through 画掉；删去

His name had been scored out on the list.

他的名字已从名单上画掉了。

3) in scores 很多地，大批地

People poured in scores.

人们大量涌入。

4) keep (the) score 记分

Ill keep (the) score for the football match.

我来为足球比赛记分。

5) on this/that score 就这个/那个来说，在这个/那个问题上

You dont have to worry on that score.

你不必担心那件事。

5. quality n. 特性，特征；品德，品性，人品，素质；

质量，品质

One quality of wood is that it can burn.

木头的一个特性是能燃烧。

These are good personal qualities such as honesty and generosity.

这些是好的个人品质，比如诚实、慷慨。

When costs are cut, product quality suffers.

一降低成本，产品质量就会受到影响。

6. victory n. 胜利，成功

She is confident of victory in Saturdays final.

她对在星期六的决赛中取得胜利充满信心。

We won a victory over/against the enemy.

我们战胜了敌人。

romp/sweep to victory 大获全胜；轻易取胜

They went on to romp to a 7-0 victory.

他们取得了7∶0的大胜。

He swept to victory in the final of the championship.

他在锦标赛的决赛中轻而易举地获胜。

victor n. 胜利者，获胜者

victorious adj. 胜利的，获胜的，战胜的

victoriously adv. 胜利地

8. declare vt. 宣布，公布，宣告；表明，宣称，断言

(1) 跟名词

The government has declared a state of emergency.

政府已宣布进入紧急状态。

(2) 跟从句

The court declared that strike action was illegal.

法庭宣判那次罢工行为不合法。

(3) 跟复合结构

① 跟带名词的复合结构

The government has declared the area a national park.

政府已公布这个地区为国家公园。

② 跟带形容词的复合结构

I declare this bridge open.

我宣布这座桥正式启用。

③ 跟带分词的复合结构

At 3:30 pm the chairman declared Wang Li elected as the new chairman.

下午三点半主席宣布王立当选新任主席。

④ 跟带不定式to的复合结构

The expert declared this painting to be a forgery.

专家判定这幅画为赝品。

⑤ 跟带介词短语的复合结构

These boys declared themselves against cheating in the exam.

这些男孩声明他们自己反对考试作弊。

1) declare for sb/sth 声明支持，表示赞成

The people here have declared for peace.

这里的人们已经声明支持和平。

2) declare against sb/sth 声明反对，表示不赞成

He declared against the proposal.

他声明反对这一提议。

9. on the increase 正在增加

Homelessness is on the increase.

无家可归者越来越多。

Is the consumption of beer still on the increase?

啤酒的消耗量仍在增加吗？

1) on business 出差

2) on duty 值班

3) on end 连续地，不断地；竖着，直立着

4) on foot 步行

5) on the air 在广播，在放送

6) on the right/left 在右/左边

7) on the spot 当场；在现场；在原地

8) on the way to 去……的路上

9) on time 按时，准时

10) on weekends/at weekends 在周末

10. rise to ones feet 某人站起身

Please rise to your feet when the visitor comes in.

来宾进来时请大家站起来。

When he finally decided to go out, he found he could not rise to his feet.

当他最终决定走出去时，他发现自己无法站立起来。

1) be back on ones feet 恢复，完全康复

2) dead on ones feet 累得/站得精疲力竭

3) drag ones feet 拖拉；拖着脚走；行动缓慢

4) feet first 脚先着地，脚先入水（作状语）

5) find ones feet 会走路，适应新环境

6) get a foot in the door 获得机会参加

7) get/have cold feet 临阵退缩，害怕起来

8) have one foot in the grave 行将就木；半截入土

9) keep ones feet 站住脚跟

10) on ones feet 站着，站起来；痊愈

跟踪导练（一）

A

People are making more and more demands on the worlds natural resources. If babies born in 1991 live for eighty years, the human population of the world may be anything from twice to three times the present total by 2070. In other words, they will have to share what is left of the earths resources with 15 billion other people. But hopefully there will be an important drop in the growth of population. What if this does not happen? The answer is that by the time the babies born in 1991 reach the age of 40 they could be sharing resources with as many as 10 billion other people.

Limiting the pollution of water and the atmosphere, con-trolling the output（输出量）of the chemicals that may be causing the global warming and climate change, and eating less meat may do some help, but can anyone seriously imagine that these are going to solve the problems of the “baby class” of 1991?

There is no getting away from the fact that people are responsible（有责任的）for the present state of the world, and only people can solve the problems. The decisions have to be taken by people as members of national and local governments; as leaders and decision-makers in industry; as scientists and technologists; as professional engineers and designers; as religious leaders and individual citizens.

1. What does the author mean by “the problems of the ‘baby class of 1991”?

A. Babies born in 1991 wont live a long life.

B. The problems caused by babies born in 1991.

C. A large number of babies will be born after 1991.

D. The children of 1991 are not given good education.

2. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?

A. Making More Demands on the Natural Resources

B. Limiting the Pollution of Air and Water

C. Reducing the World Population

D. Saving the Babies of 1991

3. This short passage is probably taken from ＿＿＿ .

A. a news report

B. a guide to the world

C. a government report

D. an article by a medical worker

B

Feeling tired? Under too much stress? Well, you may want to try Yoga. Its what more and more people are turning to to let go the trouble of modern life. Practically unheard of in the West until 50 years ago, Yoga has become one of the most popular health trends around the world, including China. If you search for Yoga online in Chinese, lots of pages are there to see, most of which are main pages of Yoga clubs. In order to keep fit and lose weight, many girls spend more than 1000 yuan taking part in Yoga classes every month.

However, are you really ready for it? There are several things you need to know before you really take it.

First, do not force your body too much. Yoga has many difficult poses. They are beautiful and worth showing off if you could finish them. But if you force yourself to do as exactly as an experienced Yoga teacher does, you may hurt your body, instead of strengthening it. Do you remember your original purpose of playing Yoga? It is self-building.

Second, do some research about the Yoga class that you are registering. Yoga is new in China and there are not so many certificated（持有职业培训证书的）well-trained Yoga teachers. Some not well-organized clubs just find someone having learnt a little Yoga and certificate them. But you should know a non-eligible teacher might wrongly guide you and you could not benefit from the classes much except that they force you to exercise your body a bit. Considering about the large amount of money you put into it, its worth and reasonable to make sure the teachers in the club are qualified before you join.

Third, it would be better to learn something about nutrition（营养）when you practice Yoga. In the very beginning, Yoga was part of the Vedas, Bible of the traditional Indian philosophy. So it could be regarded as a kind of lifestyle. When you have decided to care for your body, why not feed it properly? In fact, good clubs have their own nutritionists.

Anyhow, make sure you are ready before you act. The fashion may change quickly, but what benefits is still good for us.

4. What does the underlined word “eligible” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?

A. Honored. B. Qualified.

C. Hi-technical. D. Experienced.

5. Which of the following is the authors advice?

a. Find out a real teacher.

b. Join one of the highest Yoga clubs.

c. Know some knowledge about nutrition.

d. Dont easily follow the fashion about Yoga.

A. a, b, c B. a, b, d

C. a, c, d D. b, c, d

6. From the advice offered by the author, we can conclude that ＿＿＿ .

A. Yoga is somehow easy to exercise

B. Yoga has nothing to do with culture

C. many people learn Yoga in order to compete

D. not all the Yoga clubs have standard teachers

7. The authors main purpose in writing the passage is to ＿＿＿ .

A. let people know more about Yoga

B. tell people how to relax themselves

C. advise people on taking part in Yoga classes

D. tell people that Yoga has gotten its popularity in China

从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。

athlete club net perform pitch

retire ring rugby track train

1. My grandpa bought me some ＿＿＿＿ and then I just started practicing golf.

2. The fishermen caught fish in their ＿＿＿＿ .

3. The crowd cheered as the boxer entered the ＿＿＿＿ , but unfortunately he lost the match at last.

4. Thousands of college students around the United States participate in ＿＿＿＿ .

5. They have run 800 meters around the ＿＿＿＿ .

6. As a ＿＿＿＿ , you must do your best for excellence both from yourself and your trainee.

7. My father is thinking of ＿＿＿＿ from the family business and letting somebody else take the wheel.

8. Our team ＿＿＿＿ well in the match yesterday. As a result, we got the gold medal as the champion.

下列各句每句有1个错误。

1. Last night all of them succeeded in escape from the sudden fire. ＿＿＿＿

2. Its said that her mother retired the hospital last month because of her deadly illness. ＿＿＿＿

3. Americans eat twice as more vegetables per person every day now as they did in the 1920s. ＿＿＿＿

4. She opened the door and stepped out onto the sunshine to have a good time by herself. ＿＿＿＿

1. 你不过是个新人，还轮不到你来告诉我怎么做我的工作。

2. 这个团体是由医生组成的，已经帮助过这一地区的很多人了。

3. 根据两队的情况比较，我们队可能会轻易取胜。

4. 这场社交舞会汤姆来得正好，既不早，又不晚。

1. A number of problems ＿＿＿ found by us, but then we solved some. And the number of them ＿＿＿ only one now.

A. were; is B. was; is

C. were; are D. was; are

2. What surprised me was not what he said but ＿＿＿ he said it.

A. the way B. in the way

C. the way which D. in the way that

3. — My television seems to be out of control. Can I have it

repaired without paying money?

— Sure. The television comes with a years ＿＿＿ .

A. safety B. promise

C. guarantee D. protection

4. He suddenly saw Sue ＿＿＿ the hall. He pushed his way ＿＿＿ the crowd of people to get to her.

A. over; over B. across; across

C. over; through D. across; through

5. — Mum, I dont like the vegetables.

— Help yourself to them, dear. They ＿＿＿ a lot of vitamin C.

A. contain B. hold

C. include D. take

6. ＿＿＿ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger economy.

A. That B. As

C. This D. It

7. Fifty years ago, wealthy people liked hunting wild animals for fun ＿＿＿ sightseeing.

A. than to go B. rather than go

C. to going D. other than going

8. “It gives me great joy and I feel more pressure than I did ＿＿＿ I won in China,” Ding Junhui said.

A. that B. when

C. which D. how

I have a friend named Monty Roberts who owns a horse ranch（牧场）in San Ysidro. He has let me use his house to put on fund-raising （募集资金）events to raise money for youth at risk programs.

The last time I was there he introduced me by saying, “I want to tell you why I let Jack use my house. It all goes back to a story about a young man who was the son of a horse trainer who used to train horses. As a result, the boys high school career was continually interrupted. When he was a senior, he was asked to write a paper about what he wanted to be and do when he grew up.”

“That night he wrote a seven-page paper describing his goal of someday owning a horse ranch. He wrote about his dream in great detail and he even drew a table of a 200-acre ranch, showing the location of all the buildings, the stables（马厩）and the tracks. Then he drew a detailed floor plan for a 4,000-squarefoot house that would sit on the 200-acre dream ranch.”

“He put a great deal of his heart into the project and the next day he handed it in to his teacher. Two days later he received his paper back. On the front page was a large red F with a note that read, ‘See me after class.”

“The boy with the dream went to see the teacher after class and asked, ‘Why did I receive an F?”

“The teacher said, ‘This is an unrealistic dream for a young boy like you. You have no money. You have no resources. Owning a horse ranch requires a lot of money. You have to buy the land. You have to pay for the original breeding stock and later youll have to pay more for equipment. Theres no way you could ever do it. Then the teacher added, ‘If you will rewrite this paper with a more realistic goal, I will reconsider your grade.”

“The boy went home and thought about it long and hard. He asked his father what he should do. His father said, ‘Look, son, you have to make up your own mind on this. However, I think it is a very important decision for you.”

Finally, after sitting with it for a week, the boy turned in the same paper, making no changes at all. He stated, ‘You can keep the F and Ill keep my dream.”

Monty then turned to the group and said, “I tell you this story because you are sitting in my 4,000-square-foot house in the middle of my 200-acre horse ranch. I still have that school paper framed over the fireplace.” He added, “The best part of the story is that two summers ago that same school-teacher brought 30 kids to camp out on my ranch for a week. When the teacher was leaving, he said, ‘Look, Monty, I can tell you this now. When I was your teacher, I was something of a dream stealer. During those years I stole a lot of kids dreams. Fortunately you didnt give up yours.”

Dont let anyone steal your dreams. Follow your heart, no matter what.

1. What did the writer want to do by putting on fund-raising events in Montys house? (within 8 words)

2. What was Monty Roberts dream when he was very young? (within 4 words)

3. Why did the teacher mark the boys paper with an “F”? (within 8 words)

4. How did Monty react to his teachers advice? (within 6 words)

5. What idea does the story try to express? (within 10 words)

跟踪导练（二）

A

I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang. It was an strange farmer. I had never met him before although I had often heard people talk about him. He sounded quite nervous and he had been talking for a minute or so before I understood anything. Even then all I could make out was that someone called Milly had had a very bad accident. I hadnt the slightest idea who she was but I obviously had to go.

It had been snowing heavily that day and I didnt know the way. I had been driving for at least an hour when I finally found his place. He was standing there, waiting for me. It seemed Milly had died. “She meant more to me than anyone... even my own wife!” he said. I could see that he had been crying. I thought something terrible had taken place, a possible scandal（丑闻）. I was even more shocked when he told me he had put her in the barn（牲口棚）. “I wouldnt leave her out in the cold!” he said.

Milly had clearly been a secret lover of his. I was about to tell him he could not expect me to cover anything up when he opened the barn door. He lifted his candle and I saw a dark figure on the ground. “She was such a good cow! I wouldnt let anyone but a doctor touch her!” he said, and burst into tears （突然哭起来）again.

1. What does the underlined phrase “make out” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?

A. Expect. B. Understand.

C. See clearly. D. Hear clearly.

2. Before he arrived at the farmers house, the writer expected to see Milly lying ＿＿＿ .

A. on the ground of a barn B. on the floor of a room

C. in bed in a room D. in bed in a barn

3. The farmer wished that the writer might ＿＿＿ .

A. look into the matter

B. bring Milly back to life

C. free him from a scandal

D. keep the whole thing a secret

4. What do we know about Milly from the story?

A. She had met with an accident.

B. She was hidden somewhere.

C. She had caused a scandal.

D. She was seriously ill.

5. The person who told the story is probably a ＿＿＿ .

A. farmer B. policeman

C. country doctor D. newspaper reporter

B

The US Department of Labor statistics show that there is an oversupply of college trained workers and that this oversupply is increasing. Already there have been more than enough teachers, engineers and other specialists. Yet colleges and graduate schools continue every year to turn out highly trained people to compete for jobs that arent there. The result is that graduates cannot enter the professions for which they were trained and must take temporary jobs which do not require a college degree.

On the other hand, there is great need for skilled workers of all sorts. These people have more work than they can deal with, and their yearly incomes are often higher than those of college graduates. The old gap that white-collar workers make a better living than blue-collar workers no longer holds true. The law of supply and demand now favors the skilled workmen.

The reason for this situation is the traditional myth that college degree is a passport to a brighter future. A large part of American society matches success in life equally with a college degree. Parents begin indoctrinating（灌输）their children with this myth before they are out of grade school. High school teachers play their part by acting as if high school education were a preparation for college rather than for life. Under this pressure the kids fall in line. Whether they want to go to college or not doesnt matter. Everybody should go to college, so of course they must go. And evey year college enrollments（入学）go up and up, and more and more graduates are over-educated for the kinds of jobs available to them.

One result of this emphasis（强调）on a college education is that many people go to college who do not belong there. Of the sixty percent of high school graduates who enter college, half of them do not graduate with their class. Many of them drop out within the first year. Some struggle on for two or three years and then give up.

6. Its implied in Paragraph 2 that ＿＿＿ .

A. many other countries are facing the same problem

B. fewer students will prefer to go to college in the future

C. white-collar workers in the US used to make more money than blue-collar workers

D. the law of supply and demand has a strong effect on American higher education

7. Why do college enrollments go up every year?

a. Many parents want their children to go to college.

b. Every young man and woman wants to go to college.

c. High school teachers push their students to go to college.

d. Many people believe that the only way to success is a college education.

A. a, b, c B. a, b, d

C. a, c, d D. b, c, d

8. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means “many people who ＿＿＿ ”.

A. are not fit for college education but still go to college

B. go to college drop out within the first year

C. do not have enough money go to college

D. go to college have their hopes destroyed

9. We can infer from the passage that the author believes that ＿＿＿ .

B. college education is a bad thing

A. every young man and woman should go to college

C. people with a college education should receive higher pay

D. fewer people should go to college while more should be trained for skilled jobs

从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。

advantage background brand design guarantee

logo purchase retire sportswear stadium

1. George has kept in touch with a number of his old workmates since his ＿＿＿＿ .

2. Only people of different ＿＿＿＿ would probably respond differently to what they see here.

3. Pepsi has always been one of the most popular ＿＿＿＿ for many years.

4. ＿＿＿＿ easily makes people associate with certain products.

5. Below-the-line advertising has the ＿＿＿＿ of being cheap and very easy to produce.

6. Can you ＿＿＿＿ me a job when I get there after I had a long trip in Hawaii?

7. If imported supplies of oil are suddenly reduced, our national ＿＿＿＿ power will be lower.

8. The department store hired a professional ＿＿＿＿ to display its goods in the window.

下列各句每句有1个错误。

1. Although she likes the bag very much, but she wont buy it because of its high price. ＿＿＿＿

2. When I was still a baby, I had strong wish to learn new things. ＿＿＿＿

3. She has been chosen the new club president since she has done a lot for the club members. ＿＿＿＿

4. I remember you like golf. Do you often play the golf recently? ＿＿＿＿

1. 这孩子太小了，所以提水对他来说是不可能的。

2. 只有你赚更多的钱，你才能和全家人一起过上更好的生活。

3. 你应该利用这好天气给篱笆上油漆。

4. 不管要花多长时间，费多少力气，我们都必须完成今天的工作。

1. He was badly hurt, but he ＿＿＿ tell us what had happened to him.

A. could B. would

C. had to D. was able to

2. There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, ＿＿＿ she was an only child.

A. ever since B. now that

C. even though D. as though

3. I am sure David will be able to find the library—he has a pretty good ＿＿＿ of direction.

A. feeling B. idea

C. experience D. sense

4. You have to ＿＿＿ the habit of smoking for your health.

A. get rid of B. keep out of

C. make up of D. take care of

5. Edison ＿＿＿ his experiment again and again, and finally got the exciting result.

A. carried B. performed

C. made D. exercised

6. Thinking about playing basketball in China, Yao Ming has an advantage ＿＿＿ other Chinese players.

A. for B. with

C. on D. over

7. — The old are always right, so we should take their advice.

— ＿＿＿ . They still make mistakes sometimes.

A. Im afraid I dont agree B. I agree absolutely

C. You are right about that D. You may be right

8. Although the local government has sent more policemen to work in the street at night, the rate of crime is still ＿＿＿ .

A. on increase B. on the increase

C. in increase D. in the increase

It was the district sports meet. My foot still hadnt healed （痊愈）from a(n) 1 injury. With this happening to me, I had 2 whether I should attend the meet or not. But there I was, 3 for the 3,000-meter run.

“Ready... set...” The gun popped and we were off. The other girls rushed 4 of me. I felt ashamed（羞愧）as I fell farther and farther 5 .

“Hooray!” shouted the crowd. It was the loudest 6 I had ever heard at a meet. The first-place runner was two laps ahead of me when she crossed the finish line. “Maybe I should 7 ,” I thought as I moved on. 8 , I decided to keep going. During the last two laps, I ran in 9 and decided not to 10 in track next year. It wouldnt be worth it, even if my foot did 11 .

When I finished, I heard a cheer— 12 than the one Id heard earlier. I turned around and was 13 enough that the boys were preparing for their race. “They must be cheering for the boys.” I was leaving 14 several girls came up to me. “Wow, youve got courage!” one of them told me.

“Courage? I just 15 a race!” I thought, “I would have given up on the first lap.” “We were cheering for you. Did you hear us?” said another girl.

Suddenly I got 16 again. I decided to 17 with track next year. I realized strength and courage arent always 18 in medals and victories, but in the struggles（努力）we overcome. The 19 people are not always the people who 20 , but the people who dont give up when they lose.

1. A. slighter B. worse C. earlier D. heavier

2. A. expected B. supposed C. imagined D. doubted

3. A. late B. anxious C. ready D. good

4. A. back B. ahead C. next D. close

5. A. behind B. before C. away D. around

6. A. cheer B. shout C. cry D. noise

7. A. slow down B. drop out C. go on D. speed up

8. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. Besides D. However

9. A. delight B. fear C. pain D. advance

10. A. play B. arrive C. race D. attend

11. A. heal B. cure C. treat D. move

12. A. weaker B. longer C. lower D. louder

13. A. good B. sure C. surprising D. strange

14. A. while B. when C. before D. since

15. A. finished B. won C. passed D. lost

16. A. cheer B. hope C. interest D. experience

17. A. compete B. go C. begin D. stick

18. A. measured B. praised C. tested D. increased

19. A. weakest B. strongest C. smallest D. shortest

20. A. complete B. lose C. succeed D. win

跟踪导练（三）

A

Today Ill be talking about the invention of the camera and photography. The camera is often thought to be a modern invention, but as early as 1727, a German physicist discovered that light darkens silver salt. Used as a camera, a big box was set up, and a small hole was cut in one side to let the light in; he made temporary pictures on the salt. Silver salt is still the base（基础）of the photographic film today. Then a French scientist made the first permanent picture by using a special piece of metal which was covered with silver salt. A photo-graph he made in 1826 still exists.

The painter De Gear improved the process by covering the metal as well as placing the common salt which we can eat. This was in 1839, the official date of the beginning of photographs. But the problem was the printing of the photographs. And it wasnt until other scientists developed the kind of photographic paper we use now that good prints were possible and photo-graphy became truly modern. In the 1870s, Matthew Bradey was able to take his famous pictures in American Civil War. In the 1920s, Georges Mann of the United States simplified film developing（冲洗）, and Dr Edward Lane invented the so-called “Instant Camera” which uses self-developing film. If we say photography came into existence in 1839, it follows that it took more than 100 years for the camera to reach its present condition of technical refinement（密度）.

1. What discovery was the basis of photography?

A. Light darkens silver.

B. Light darkens silver salt.

C. Light darkens natural salt.

D. Light darkens self-developing film.

2. How was the first permanent picture made?

A. By making use of special paper.

B. By using a special piece of metal.

C. By adding common salt to silver salt.

D. By giving a slight colour to the silver salt.

3. What time is regarded as the official date of the beginning of photography?

A. 1727. B. 1826.

C. 1839. D. 1870.

4. Why is Matthew Bradey remembered today according to paragraph 2?

A. He was a soldier.

B. He painted portraits.

C. He took war photographs.

D. He designed a easy-carried camera.

5. What did Doctor Edward Lane invent?

A. A new kind of film.

B. An self-action printer.

C. A cheap process of developing film at home.

D. An “Instant Camera” that develops its own film.

B

What would you think if I told you I could eat 40 percent more food than other people—eat boxes of ice cream, bowls of noodles and plates of meat—and all the while be losing weight?

You might hate me, thinking I have one of those annoyingly good metabolisms（新陈代谢）that just burn up fat when it enters my body. You might wonder if I have an eating disorder. Or maybe youd just shrug your shoulders and figure I have a rich fantasy life.

Youd be wrong.

For my body to finish such a surprising task, I would have to be a mouse. Not just any mouse, but one lucky enough to be involved in a new study at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston.

After discovering an enzyme（酶）that allows fat to be stored in the body, scientists fed mice without those enzymes, and found those mice were able to eat far more food than other mice—and still weighed 10 to 15 percent less.

Best of all, the mice without the enzyme were in very good health, were able to produce baby mice without any problem and generally acted like any other mouse. Thats great news for obesity（肥胖症）researchers, who think that scientists may figure out a way to prevent the fat-metabolizing enzyme in humans as a way to control weight gain. And such a pill would be very exciting for many struggling to get rid of dangerous extra pounds.

But dont start planning any big dinner just yet: At this point, of course, any pill for humans is but a twinkle in the eyes of every drug companys CEO. More tests are to be conducted, and eventually humans will be tested. But for now, unfortunately, controlling what you eat is still the key to losing weight.

6. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A. Eating a lot of food while losing weight.

B. Burning up fat very quickly.

C. Having a rich fantasy life.

D. Controlling your diet.

7. The study at Baylor College of Medicine ＿＿＿ .

A. included both mice and humans

B. proved that all mice can control their weight easily

C. proved a kind of enzyme which can cause weight gain

D. only included mice which didnt have the fat-metabolizing enzyme

8. In the study, the mice without the enzyme ＿＿＿ .

A. became weak

B. acted strangely

C. were in good condition

D. could not have baby mice

9. What does the author want to tell us in the last paragraph?

A. You can be free of guilt when having big dinners.

B. Scientists cant find the key to discovering the enzyme.

C. Drug companies will make a lot of money in the future.

D. The best way for people to lose weight now is still to control their diet.

10. It can be inferred from the passage that ＿＿＿ .

A. the fat-metabolizing enzyme can improve metabolisms

B. eating a healthy diet is a good way to keep away from

disease

C. some drug companies have produced pills that help lose

weight

D. the pills that help people control weight gain will be

very popular if they are available

从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。

champion final gymnast marathon ministry

quality score specific symbol tracksuit

1. The 17-year-old little Russian girl won the hearts of everyone in the ＿＿＿＿ hall.

2. The view set out above is based on Chinas ＿＿＿＿ historical conditions.

3. The setting sun images ＿＿＿＿ short and quickly passing life.

4. It is very unusual for three own goals to be ＿＿＿＿ in one football match at international level.

5. It is reported that some ＿＿＿＿ have as many as ten thousand staff members.

6. She reached the ＿＿＿＿ of the 100m race after she made her best effort to compete with so many athletes.

7. Joe Louis has been the world heavyweight boxing ＿＿＿＿ for many years.

8. The old lady has a ＿＿＿＿ of kindness, so we all like her and want to help her with her housework.

下列各句每句有1个错误。

1. He was late of my class over 20 minutes, which made me very angry. ＿＿＿＿

2. More and more people join the game every year. ＿＿＿＿

3. How cold it is, the boy always goes swimming in winter. ＿＿＿＿

4. Can you recognize the boy in the bike is Lilys brother, who has been away from home for seven years? ＿＿＿＿

1. 他说谎的原因是他这次考试只得了58分。

2. 如果三分之二的人同意你所说的，我们就按你说的去做。

3. 我想知道那天在她身上究竟发生了什么事——她看起来相当难过。

4. 那个黑头发穿粉红色运动服的女孩是谁？她很像一个我曾经认识的人。

1. The man together with his wife and two children ＿＿＿ seen driving around the city the day before yesterday.

A. is B. are

C. was D. were

2. Show me what you think now! Are you ＿＿＿ my opinion or ＿＿＿ it?

A. for; against B. like; against

C. for; dislike D. agree; against

3. Id like to arrive 20 minutes earlier before the meeting ＿＿＿ I can have time for a cup of coffee.

A. as soon as B. in case

C. as a result D. so that

4. Tomorrows appointment is very important. Be more ＿＿＿ about when and where well meet.

A. specific B. special

C. especial D. specified

5. Ten years ago the population of our village was ＿＿＿ that of theirs.

A. as large as twice B. twice as large as

C. as twice much as D. twice as much as

6. If you continue to work hard, Im sure that your dream will ＿＿＿ in the near future.

A. come out B. come on

C. come true D. come over

7. The advantages of our products are attractive design, high ＿＿＿ and reasonable prices.

A. quality B. quantity

C. number D. amount

8. — Robert wont like it, you know.

— ＿＿＿ ? I dont care what Robert thinks.

A. So what B. So where

C. So why D. So how

In China hes known as “the Flying Fish”; in America they call him “the Baltimore Bullet”.

Whatever you call him, American swimmer Michael Phelps looks destined（注定）to become a household name across the world after breaking the Olympic record for most gold medals in a single Games.

Phelps total of eight gold medals in Beijing put him one ahead of Mark Spitzs previous record set in 1972.

Now people have already called him the greatest Olympian of all times. But whether he is or not, what is it that makes Michael Phelps so good?

A good place to start might be his physique（体格）. Phelps has the perfect body shape for a swimmer: his arm span is longer than his height; he has very good joints, huge lungs and his large feet (size 14 in the US, size 49 in China) acting like flippers in the water.

To feed his huge swimmers body, Phelps eats an astonishing 12,000 calories a day, six times the average for a man of his age.

And then it is a swimsuit which has been making waves in the world of swimming that helps him a lot. Designed by NASA, the suit is made of a special material which is said to help athletes swim 2% faster.

Michael Phelps should spare a thought for his mum, who first pushed him into swimming as a way of making friends, and who believed in him when one teacher said he would never be a success.

Whatever the reason for his success, Phelps admitted there was perhaps also a bit of luck involving in（牵涉）winning his eight medals.

“I guess eight is a lucky number for me, too, now. The opening ceremony started on 8/8/08. Maybe it was meant to be,” he said.

1. Who is both called “the Flying Fish” and “the Baltimore Bullet”? (within 2 words)

2. What makes Michael Phelps so popular? (within 9 words)

3. How many gold medals did Mark Spitz won in 1972? (1 word)

4. How many calories does a man of Phelps age need a day on average? (2 words)

5. What is one of the reasons for Phelps success? (within 5 words)

跟踪导练（四）

A

When a group of children politely stop a conversation with you, saying, “We have to go to work now,” youre left feeling surprised and certainly uneasy. After all, this is the 1990s and the idea of children working is just unthinkable. That is, until you are told that they are all pupils of stage schools, and that the “work” they go off to is to go on the stage in a theatre.

Stage schools often act as agencies（代理机构）to supply children for stage and television work. More worthy of the name “stage school” are those few places where children attend full time, with a training for the theatre and a general education.

A visit to such schools will leave you in no doubt that the children enjoy themselves. After all, what lively children wouldnt settle for spending only half the day doing ordinary school work, and acting, singing or dancing their way through the other half of the day?

Then of course these are time for the children to make a name and make a little money in some big shows. Some stage schools give their children too much professional work at such a young age. But the law is very tight（严格的）on the amount they can do. Those under 13 are limited to 40 days in the year; those over 13 do 80 days.

The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the profession for which they are being trained. So what happens to those who dont make it? While all the leading schools say they place great importance on children getting good study results, the facts seem to suggest this is not always the case.

1. People would stop feeling uneasy when realizing that the children theyre talking to ＿＿＿ .

A. attend a stage school B. are going to the theatre

C. get some work to do D. love singing and dancing

2. In the writers opinion, a good stage school should ＿＿＿ .

A. produce star performers

B. help pupils improve their study skills

C. train pupils in language and performing arts

D. provide a general education and stage training

3. How does the writer feel about stage schools?

A. He thinks highly of what they have to offer.

B. He favours an early start in the training of performing arts.

C. He feels uncomfortable about children putting on night shows.

D. He doubts the standard of ordinary education they have reached.

B

When I lived in Spain, some Spanish friends of mine decided to visit England by car. Before they left, they asked me for advice about how to find accommodation（住处）. I suggested that they should stay at “bed and breakfast” houses, because this kind of accommodation gives a foreign visitor a good chance to speak English with the family. My friends took my advice, but they came back with some funny stories.

“We didnt stay at ‘bed and breakfast houses,” they said, “because we found that most families were away on holiday.”

I thought this was strange. Finally I understood what had happened. My friends spoke little English, and they thought “VACANCIES” meant “holidays”, because the Spanish word for “holidays” is “vacaciones”. So they did not go to houses where the sign outside said “VACANCIES”, which in English means there are free rooms. Then my friends went to a house where the sign said “NO VACANCIES”, because they thought this meant the people who owned the house were not away on holiday. But they found that these houses were all full. As a result, they stayed at hotels!

We laughed about this and about mistakes my friends made in reading other signs. In Spanish, the word “DIVERSION” means fun. In English, it means that workmen are repairing the road, and that you must take a different road. When my friends saw the word “DIVERSION” on a road sign, they thought they were going to have fun. Instead, the road ended in a large hole.

English people have problems too when they learn foreign languages. Once in Paris, when someone offered me some more coffee, I said “Thank you” in French. I meant that I would like some more, however, to my surprise the coffee pot was taken away! Later I found out that “Thank you” in French means “No, thank you.”

4. My Spanish friends wanted advice about ＿＿＿ .

A. learning English

B. going to England by car

C. finding places to stay in England

D. driving their car on English roads

5. I suggested that they stay at “bed and breakfast” houses because ＿＿＿ .

A. they would be able to practise their English

B. it would be convenient for them to have dinner

C. it would be much cheaper than staying in hotels

D. there would be no problem finding accommodation there

6. According to Paragraph 3, “NO VACANCIES” in English means ＿＿＿ .

A. not away on holiday B. no free rooms

C. free rooms D. holidays

7. If you see a road sign that says “DIVERSION” in England, you will ＿＿＿ .

A. fall into a hole

B. have to take a different road

C. have a lot of fun and enjoy yourself

D. find that the road is blocked by crowds of people

8. When someone offered me more coffee and I said “Thank you” in French, I ＿＿＿ .

A. wanted them to take the coffee pot away

B. didnt really want any more coffee

C. wanted to express my politeness

D. really wanted some more coffee

从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。

borough compete declare dramatic gymnast

protest slogan tough ultimate victory

1. Their ＿＿＿＿ goal of complete freedom and total equality is never reached.

2. The game ended in a ＿＿＿＿ for our school, giving us an opportunity to get together and have fun.

3. At any point events could have developed in a ＿＿＿＿ different way.

4. I stand here, ＿＿＿＿ for peoples right of freedom in the name of free speech.

5. Germany ＿＿＿＿ war on France on August 1st, 1914.

6. The crowd began shouting anti-government ＿＿＿＿ again and again.

7. We produce cheaper goods than our ＿＿＿＿ , which is our advantage.

8. Jack has developed his unusual ＿＿＿＿ by working out daily at a gymnasium.

Across the street from our home was a school and I would often watch the kids as they played basketball during the break. I often noticed a small 1 playing with boys. I watched in 2 as she ran circles around the other kids. She 3 to shoot jump shots just over their heads and into the net. The boys always tried to stop her but no one could. At other times I saw her playing alone, sometimes until 4 .

One day I asked her why she 5 so much. She looked

6 in my eyes and without a moment of hesitation（犹豫）she said, “The only way I can go to 7 is to get a scholarship（奖学金）. I believe that I would get it if I were good enough at 8 . My daddy told me if the dream is big enough, the facts dont 9 .” Then with a determined smile she ran towards the court. I watched her 10 those junior high years and into high school. Every week, she led her team to victory.

One day in her senior year, I saw her sitting in the grass, head 11 in her arms. The coach told her that at 5 feet 5 inches she would 12 never get to play for a top ranked team—much less offered a scholarship—so she should 13

dreaming about college. I asked her if she had talked to her dad about it yet. She 14 her head from her hands and told me that her father said those coaches just did not understand the 15 of a dream. He told her that if she truly wanted a scholarship, 16

could stop her except one thing—her own attitude.

The next year, 17 she and her team went to the Northern California Championship game, she was seen by a college coach. She was indeed 18 a scholarship, a full one. She was going to get the college education that she had 19 of and worked toward for all those years. Its 20 : If the dream is big enough, the facts dont count.

1. A. boy B. girl C. student D. coach

2. A. question B. shock C. wonder D. delight

3. A. managed B. tried C. figured D. attempted

4. A. morning B. noon C. dark D. afternoon

5. A. practised B. suffered C. performed D. worked

6. A. nervously B. quickly C. quietly D. directly

7. A. work B. court C. college D. school

8. A. football B. basketball C. study D. work

9. A. damage B. lose C. count D. win

10. A. past B. over C. beyond D. through

11. A. buried B. placed C. hidden D. dropped

12. A. firmly B. sadly C. nearly D. probably

13. A. stop B. begin C. continue D. keep

14.A. lowered B. lifted C. turned D. moved

15. A. effect B. power C. aim D. advantage

16. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing

17. A. after B. before C. as D. once

18. A. brought B. handed C. sent D. offered

19. A. thought B. dreamed C. complained D. warned

20. A. true B. possible C. proper D. perfect

rugby n. 橄榄球

bat n. 球拍；球棒

club n. 高尔夫球棒

net n. 网

ring n. 拳击台

stadium n. 体育场，运动场

track n. 跑道

background n. 背景

brand n. 商标；牌子

advantage n. 优势；长处

symbol n. 符号

marathon n. 马拉松

final n. 决赛

champion n. 冠军

quality n. 特性；品德；品性

victory n. 胜利

specific adj. 具体的；特定的

tough adj. 费力的；棘手的；困难的

常用短语

on the increase 正在增加

rise to ones feet 站起身

out of 从…… 中；离开

make a list of 列出……的清单

together with 同……一起；包括…… 在内

even though/if 即使，纵然，虽然

choose...as... 选……作为……

at just the right time 在恰到好处的时候

turn the wrong way 转错方向

as well as 和……一样；不但……而且

be made up of 由……组成

more than 多于；不只是

make money 赚钱，获利

be able to do 能够做，有能力做

ever since 自从，自……以后，从……起

happen to sb/sth 遭到，遇到；发生在……身上

be late for 迟到

vote for 投票赞成；建议

pick up 拿起，提起，拾起，捡起

拓展词汇

protest vi. 抗议

athletics n. 田径运动

pitch n. （足球、橄榄球等）球场

tracksuit n. 运动服

trainer n. 运动鞋；教练员

retirement n. 退休

sportswear n. 运动服装；休闲服装

logo n. （公司或组织的）标识；标志

designer n. 设计师

gymnast n. 体操运动员

slogan n. 标语

ministry n. （政府的）部

borough n. （自治）区

competitor n. 竞争者；对手

ultimate adj. 最后的

dramatically adv. 戏剧性地