院士风采

张维1913.05.22～2001.10.04

固体力学和工程教育专家。北京市人。1933年获唐山交通大学工学士学位。1938年获伦敦帝国理工学院工学硕士学位。1944年获德国柏林高等工业学校工程博士学位。清华大学教授。1983年创办深圳大学。三次参加我国科技长远发展规划并任土木建筑水利组组长和力学组副组长，推动了我国某些新兴学科的建立和发展。长期从事结构力学和固体力学的教学和科研工作，为我国培养力学人才做出了贡献。研究板壳静、动理论。1944年在国际首次求得环壳在旋转对称载荷下的应力状态的渐进解。后来在圆环壳方面做出了系统的开创性的研究工作。主编了《壳体文献汇编》《力学丛书》和《世界力学名著译丛》等。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Specialist in the teaching of mechanics and structural engineering.Born in Beijing. Graduated from Tangshan Jiaotong University in 1933 with BS in engineering. Received D.I.C from the Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, UK in 1938 and Dr. Ing. from Technische Hochschule Berlin in 1944. Professor, Tsinghua University.

Zhang took part in planning the National Long-term Scheme for the Development of Science and Technology three time and was the chairman of the Planning Group for the Development of Civil, Hydraulic Engineering and Architecture and vice chairman of the Planning Group for the Development of Mechanics, pushing forward the establishment and development of several new engineering disciplines in China. He was engaged in education and scientific research on mechanics of solid and structures. He played an important role in fostering talents for mechanical study in China. His research concentrates mainly on statics and dynamics of plates and shells. In 1944, he obtained for the first time an asymptotic solution of toroidal shell under axi-symmetric loading. He did in the past decades systematic research on toroidal and rotational symmertric shells. He is the chief editor of the “Translation Series of World Famous Treatise on Mechanics.”

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

张光斗1912.05.01～

水利水电专家。江苏常熟人。1934年毕业于上海交通大学土木工程学院。1935年获美国加利福尼亚大学硕士学位。1936年再获美国哈佛大学工学院硕士学位。后作博士研究生。清华大学教授。长期从事水利水电工程的教学和科研工作，编写了《水工建筑物》教材及专著，写出了新安江水电站、丰满水电站等水力学试验研究报告和响洪甸拱坝、拱坝坝肩地质力学模型、拱坝抗震研究等论文。负责设计密云水库、青石岭水电站、渔子溪水电站等。参加了黄河和长江水利工程的规划设计工作，如葛洲坝工程、丹江口工程、三门峡工程、小浪底工程、二滩水电站、李家峡水电站、三峡工程等以及红水河上龙滩水电站，解决关键技术问题。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Specialist in water conservancy and hydroelectric engineering.Born in Changshu, Jiangsu Province. Graduated from the Civil Engineering College, Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1934. Received MS from the University of California in 1935 and another MS from Harvard University in 1936, and studied for Ph.D.. Professor, Tsinghua University.

Zhang has been engaged in the teaching and research on water conservancy and hydroelectric engineering for about 60 years. He published the textbook of“ Hydraulic Structures” and other monographs. He wrote some research reports on the hydraulic experiments of Xin’anjing and Fengman hydropower stations and on the structural experiments of Xianghongdian and Liuxihe arch dams.He contributed research papers on the new dam type, Abdomen Arch Dam, the earthquake engineering of arch dam, etc.. He was the chief designer of Miyun Reservoir, Qingshiling and Yuzi stream hydropower engineering projects on the Yellow River and Yangtze River, such as Gezhouba, Danjiangkou, Sanmen Gorge, Xiaolangdi and Yangtze Gorges projects, Ertan and Lijia Gorge hydropower stations, and Longtan Hydropower Station on the Red River. He solved many key technological problems for these projects.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

张德庆1900.08.10～1977.10.21

内燃机工程专家。上海宝山人。1923年获上海交通大学学士学位。1926年获美国普渡大学硕士学位。第一机械工业部汽车拖拉机研究所所长、研究员。设计制造了第五式综合白煤炉，为人民交通事业作出了重要贡献。研制成功代用润滑油，可用于汽车与机床等。参加了我国科学技术十二年长远发展规划的编制工作。在内燃机节能、待用燃料、石油资源的合理利用等方面提出过不少独到见解。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Combustoin engineering expert. Born in Baoshan, Shanghai.Graduated with BS from Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1923.Received MS from Purdue University, USA in 1926. Director and research professor, Automobile and Tractor Institute, First Ministry of Machine-Building Industry.

Zhang designed the fifth type combined white coal furnace, an important contribution to China’s transportation undertakings. The substitute lubricant he successfully developed and fabricated can be used for the automobiles and lathes. He presented much independent insight in the combustion engine energy-saving, substitute fuel and rational use of oil resources. He participated in the drawing of the Twelve-Year Scheme for the Development of Science and Technology.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

邵象华1913.02.22～

钢铁冶金学家、钢铁工程技术专家。浙江杭州人。1932年毕业于浙江大学。1937年获英国伦敦大学冶金硕士学位。冶金工业部钢铁研究总院教授、技术顾问。抗日战争期间主持新型平炉炼钢厂的设计、施工和生产。1948年起在鞍钢主持回复生产、建立我国第一代大型钢厂的生产技术。参与主持大型钢铁联合企业技术管理的奠基工作，负责科研开发方面的工作，对生产技术进步起了重要作用。1959年在研究院主持冶金反应、冶金新工艺、真空熔炼及铁矿资源综合利用等方面的一系列科研项目，许多成果在企业中得到应用。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Metallurgist and iron and steel engineering expert. Born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from Zhejiang University in 1932. Received MS in metallurgy from London University, UK in 1937.Professor and advisor, Iron and Steel Research Institute, Ministry of Metallurgical Industry.

During the Anti-Japanese War, Shao directed the design,construction and production of a modern open-hearth steel plant in Sichuan. From the late 1948, at the newly established Anshan Iron and Steel Company, he made vital contributions to the rehabilitation and restarting of the war-damaged plants, the setting up of a technical administration system for China’s first large integrated steel plant and the inauguration and direction of R&D activities in the Company. Since he joined the Iron and Steel Research Institute in 1958, he has initiated and directed research and

Development projects mainly in the fields of metallurgical reactions, new technological processes, vacuum metallurgy, processes related to the rational exploitation of special ore resources, etc. He serves actively on a number of governmental committees relating to metallurgy.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.