葛花化学成分的研究

裴香萍,裴妙荣,丁海琪

葛花化学成分的研究

裴香萍,裴妙荣＊,丁海琪

(山西中医学院中药系,山西太原030024)

从葛花中分离得到2个化合物,经理化和光谱鉴定分析为:尼泊尔鸢尾苷元(1)、7-甲氧基香豆素(2),其中7-甲氧基香豆素为首次从葛花药材中分离得到.

葛花;化学成分;尼泊尔鸢尾苷元;7-甲氧基香豆素

葛花为豆科植物葛(Pueraria lobata(Willd.)Ohwi)的花,异名葛条花,性味甘凉,其功用为解酒醒脾,治伤酒发热烦渴,不思饮食,呕逆吐酸,吐血,肠风下血[1],是临床用于解酒的常用药.日本科学家最近揭示了葛花的解酒机制,他们认为是葛花中含有的皂角苷和异黄酮分别对免疫系统和内分泌系统起到了协调作用,改善了酒精引起的新陈代谢异常症状.Kim和Park、周艳晖等、张淑萍等均曾从葛(Pueraria thunbergiana)花、峨嵋葛(Pueraria omeiensis)花、野葛花中分离出鸢尾苷等异黄酮[2-5].作者采用聚酰胺柱色谱法从葛花中分离得到2个化合物并进行了结构鉴定,它们分别为:尼泊尔鸢尾苷元、7-甲氧基香豆素.其中7-甲氧基香豆素为首次从葛花中分离得到.

1 仪器与材料

Equinox 55 FT-IR红外光谱仪KBr压片;Bruker-AM-500超导核磁共振仪(瑞士Bruke公司);CQ-250超声波清洗仪(工作频率:(33±2)kHz,320 W);X4型熔点测定仪(未校正);ZF-90型暗箱式紫外透射仪(上海顾村电光仪器厂);薄层层析聚酰胺薄膜(浙江省台州市路桥四甲生化塑料厂);色谱用硅胶为青岛海洋化工厂产品;所用试剂一般均为分析纯.葛花采自河南省伏牛山,晾干,去柄.药材经山西省药检所高天爱老师鉴定.

2 提取与分离

将1.4 kg葛花分成7份,每份200 g,用体积分数95%乙醇加热回流两次,每次1 h,第一次用95%乙醇2 000 mL,第二次用95%乙醇1 600 mL回收乙醇,合并浸膏,水浴加热干燥,挥发至无醇味,干燥,得干膏312 g.将所得干膏分成三份,分别以50 mL水溶解,用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,每次200 mL合并提取液,回收乙酸乙酯,得浸膏60 g.所得浸膏用少量乙酸乙酯溶解,加入聚酰胺粉(60～90目)约30 g拌匀,装柱,用不同浓度的乙醇梯度洗脱(5%～95%),逐份收集,将收集部分浓缩至小体积,放置,析出结晶后,检测,25%的乙醇洗脱液中得化合物(1),35%的乙醇洗脱液中得化合物(2).

3 结构鉴定

化合物(1) 淡黄色针状晶体,m.p.236～237℃,UVλMeOHmaxnm 265,212.IR(KBr,cm-1)ν:3478,1640, 1609,1512,1466;ESI-MS:m/z301[M+H]+.

1H NMR(500M,DMSO-d6)δ(ppm)

8.32 (1H,s,H-2),7.36(2H,d,J=8.5 Hz,H-2’,6’),6.81(2H,d,J=8.5 Hz,H-3’,5’),6.49(1H,s, H-8),3,76(3H,s,6-OCH3),9.57(1H,brs,4-OH),10.74(1H,brs,7-OH),13.04(1H,s,5-OH).

13C NMR(125 M,DMSO-d6)δ(ppm)

154.1 (C-2),121.8(C-3),180.5(C-4),153.2(C-5),131.4(C-6),157.4(C-7),93.8(C-8),152.7(C-9), 104.8(C-10),121.2(C-1’),130.1(C-2’,6’),115.0(C-3’,5’),157.5(C-4’),59.9(6-OCH3).化合物(1)的实测值与文献[6]一致,故此化合物为尼泊尔鸢尾苷元.

化合物(2) 乳白色片状结晶,UVλMeOH nm:320.6,203.2.IR(KBr,cm-1)ν::1705,1612,1505; ESI-MS(m/z):177[M+1]+.

1H NMR(500M,DMSO-d6)δ(ppm)

6.23 (1H,d,J=9.6 Hz,H-3)和7.43(1H,d,J=9.6 Hz,H-4)为内酯环上的两个质子,6.93(2H)和7.07(1H)为芳环上的三个质子,3.79(3H,s)为甲氧基;

13C NMR(125M,DMSO-d6)δ(ppm)

167.9 (C-2),149.6(C-7),146.3(C-9),144.1(C-4),127.0(C-5),120.9(C-6),116.2(C-3),114.2(C-8), 112.1(C-10),58.4(C-11).化合物(2)的实测值与文献[7]一致,经数据分析,确定该晶体为7-甲氧基香豆素.

致谢:本课题在完成过程中得到了中国药品生物制品鉴定所鲁静、何轶、张聿梅老师及山西中医学院原红霞老师的帮助,在此一并致谢.

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The Chemical Constituents from the Flowers ofPueraria lobata

PEI Xiang-ping,PEI Miao-rong,DING Hai-qi
(Shanxi University ofTraditional Chinese Medicine,Taiyuan030024,China)

Two compounds were isolated from the flowers ofPueraria lobataby the method polyamide column chromatography,Which were identified as irisolidone(1),7-methoxycoumarin(2).The second compound,7-methoxycoumarin was isolated fromP.lobatafor the first time.

flowers;Pueraria lobata(Willd)Ohwi;chemical constituent;irisolidone;7-methoxycoumarin

R284.1

A

0253-2395(2010)03-0423-02

2009-11-05;

2010-04-23

山西省科技攻关项目(051083)

裴香萍(1969-),女,山西绛县人,讲师,主要从事中药鉴定及中药质量控制研究工作.＊通信作者裴妙荣E-mail:peimr602@163.com