Ｔｈｅｒｅ Ｂｅ结构浅议

there be结构是初中英语中一个比较重要的句型。使用时要注意以下几种情况：

1.“There be+主语+地点(时间)”表示“某处有……”，there是引导词，无词义，be是谓语动词，主语位于be之后。如主语是单数，be动词用is;如果是复数，be动词用are。如:

There is a book on the desk. 书桌上有一本书。

There are some students in the playground. 操场上有一些学生。

2.There be 结构中，若主语是不可数名词，则谓语动词用is。如：

There is some water in the glass. 玻璃杯中有一些水。

Is there any milk in the bottle? 瓶子中有牛奶吗？

3.There be结构中，如主语不止一个，谓语动词的形式则根据第一个主语确定。在英语中这叫“就近原则”。如：

There is a pen and two books on the desk.

书桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。

There are two pens and a pencil in the pencil-box.

文具盒中有两支钢笔和一支铅笔。

用be的适当形式填空

①There ____ a watch on the chair.

②There ____ many books in her bag.

③There ____ some money in my purse.

④There ____ a big tree and some flowers in the picture.

⑤There ____ some pencils, a pen and a clock on the table.

Keys:①is ②are ③is ④is ⑤are

4.There be 结构的否定式，是在be之后加not。

There is not an American boy in our class.

我们班上没有一个美国男孩。

5.There be结构的一般疑问句是将be动词提到句首。如：

——Is there a car in front of the house? 房子前面有一辆小汽车吗？

——Yes, there is. 是的，有一辆。

——Are there any birds in the tree? 树上有一些鸟吗？

——No, there arent. 不，没有。

6. 如果对there be结构中的主语进行提问，则用What+be+there+时间(地点)？如：

There is a book on the desk.→

What is there on the desk?

7.如果对there be结构中主语的定语进行提问，则往往用how many(much)+主语+be+there+时间(地点)?如：

(1)There are seven days in a week.→

How many days are there in a week?

(2)There is a little juice in the bottle.→

How much juice is there in the bottle?

8.there be与have的区别:

(1)have表“所属”关系的“有”；there be指某处“有”。如：

This man has a brother in Beijing. 此人有个弟弟在北京。

There are many books on the desk. 桌子上有很多书。

The desk has four legs. 书桌有四条腿。

There are many people in the room. 房间里有很多人。

(2)在have含“所有”的意义较弱的情况下，可与there be互换。如：

We have much rain this year.=There is much rain this year.

今年下了不少雨。

There is a map on the wall.=We have a map on the wall.

墙上有张地图。

The wall has a hole in it. =Theres a hole in the wall. 墙上有个洞。

A year has 365 days.=There are 365 days in a year. 一年有365天。