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一般将来时

2008-12-08

中学英语之友·下(综合版) 2008年11期
关键词:按计划原形人称

刘 跃

1. 一般将来时的基本概念

一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常性的动作或状态。一般将来时由助动词shall(第一人称),will(第二、三人称)+动词原形构成。美国英语则不管什么人称,一律用will。

2. 一般将来时的形式

●will常简略为ll,并与主语连写在一起,如:Ill, hell, itll, well,youll, theyll。

●一般疑问句常用will you…?其简略答语须是Yes, I will或 No, I will not;如用 Shall you…?(较少见)其简略答语须是 Yes, I shall. 或 No, I shall not.

3. 一般将来时的用法

1)表示将来的动作或状态

一般将来时常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用,如:tomorrow(明天), next week(下周), from now on(从现在开始), in the future(将来)等。

2)表示将来经常发生的动作。

4.一般将来时的其他用法

一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,其表达形式除了“shall(第一人称),will(第二、三人称)+动词原形构成”外,还有以下几种形式。

1)“be going to+动词原形”表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。例如:

①It is going to rain. 要下雨了。

②We are going to have a meeting today. 今天我们开会。

2)go, come, start, move, sail, leave, arrive, stay等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作。例如: Im leaving for Beijing. 我要去北京。

3)“be to+动词原形”表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见。例如:

①Are we to go on with this work? 我们继续干吗?

②The boy is to go to school tomorrow.这个男孩明天要去上学。

4)“be about to+动词原形”表示即将发生的动作,意为:很快,马上。后面一般不跟时间状语。例如: We are about to leave.我们马上就走。

5)某些词,如come, go, leave, arrive, start, get, stay 等的一般现在时也可表示将来。例如:

①The meeting starts at five oclock. 会议五点开始。

②He gets off at the next stop. 他下一站下车。

专项练习:

1. There ____ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.

A. will be going to B. will going to be

C. is going to be D. will go to be

2. Charlie ____ here next month.

A. isnt working B. doesnt work

C. isnt going to working D. wont work

3. He ____ very busy this week; he ____ free next week.

A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be

4. There ____ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.

A. was B. is going to have

C. will have D. is going to be

5. ——____ you ____ free tomorrow?

——No. I ____ free the day after tomorrow.

A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will

C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be

6. Mother ____ me a nice present on my next birthday.

A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give

7. ——Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?

——____. (不,不要。)

A. No, you wont B. No, you arent

C. No, please dont D. No, please

8. ——Where is the morning paper?

——I ____ it for you at once.

A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get

9. ____ a concert next Saturday?

A. There will be B. Will there be

C. There can be D. There are

10. If they come, we ____ a meeting.

A. have B. will have C. had D. would have

Key:1.C 2.D 3.D 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.D 9.B 10.B

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