聚焦ｂｅ ｇｏｉｎｇ ｔｏ结构

史哲官

“be going to”结构是本单元中的重点语法项目，它常用来表示按计划、安排将要做的事或预测将要发生的事，使用此结构时应关注以下几点：

聚焦一、be going to 结构的特点：

在be going to结构中，be是助动词，无词义，但要与主语的人称和数保持一致，有am, is, are三种形式，to为动词不定式符号，后须接动词原形。如：

Im going to play basketball with my friends this afternoon.

我打算下午和朋友一起打篮球。

聚焦二、be going to 结构的意义：

1．be going to 结构表示主观上打算、安排在最近或将来要做的事，意为“打算做某事”。如：

Were going to have a picnic this Sunday.

我们打算这个星期天去野餐。

2．be going to 结构也可表示根据客观上的某种迹象来判断近期将要发生的事情。如：

Look at the black clouds! Its going to rain.

看那片乌云！要下雨了。

聚焦三、be going to 结构的句式变化：

be going to 结构的句式变化见下表：

例如：

Han Mei is going to visit her grandparents this weekend.

→Han Mei isnt going to visit her grandparents this weekend.

→Is Han Mei going to visit her grandparents this weekend?

(Yes, she is./No, she isnt.)

→What is Han Mei going to do this weekend?

聚焦四、与be going to 结构连用的时间状语：

be going to 结构表示经过预先思考后发生的动作或状态，或有迹象表明将要发生的事情。因此，它常与this afternoon/evening，tonight，tomorrow（morning），the day after tomorrow，next week/year, next Saturday等表示将来意义的时间状语连用。

聚焦五、be going to 结构与there be结构：

be going to与there be合用时的结构是“there is/are going to be”，切不可认为是“there is/are going to have”，也不能丢了be。如：

今晚将有一场电影。

误：There is going to have a film this evening.

误：There is going to a film this evening.

正：There is going to be a film this evening.

正：There is a film this evening.

聚焦六、be going to结构的特殊用法：

1．be going to后接表示地点的名词时，表示“打算（将要）去某地”，但后接地点副词时，应省去to。如：

My uncle is going to Beijing next week. 我叔叔下周要去北京。

Im going home now. 我现在要回家。

2．表示位置移动的动词如come, go, leave, start, fly, arrive等，可直接用这些动词的现在进行时表示将要发生的动作，而不用be going to结构。如：

误：Im going to go dancing this evening.

正：Im going dancing this evening.

为了帮助同学们更好地理解和掌握be going to结构的用法，现提供口诀一则，供参考：

be going to接原形，一般口语多常见；

计划、安排和打算，通过现象来判断。

be的形式要注意，它应随着主语变，

变否定，很简单，not 加在be后边；

变疑问，须记清，be 应提到主语前。

有些词，要仔细，come, go等表位移，

进行时，表将来，特殊情况记下来。

通过以上学习，相信你一定了解和掌握了be going to结构的意义和用法，有信心检验一下吗？Lets go!

【即时操练】

Ⅰ.下列各句均有错误，请找出并改正。

1. Tom doesnt going to see his friend tomorrow.

2. Im going to go there the day after tomorrow.

3. Li Kai is going to late.

4. There is going to have a party tonight.

5. Kate with her parents are going to visit the Great Wall this Sunday.

Ⅱ.请用所给动词的正确形式填空。

1. My brother usually ____ (go) to bed at 9:30.

2. We ____ (not have) bread for breakfast tomorrow morning.

3. ——____ your sister ____ (live) in Beijing?

——Yes, she does. But she ____ (come) back next month.

4. ——____ you ____ (go) shopping this weekend?

——No, Im not. I ____ (have) a picnic with my friends.

5. My family ____ (not visit) Shanghai in the summer holidays.

6. My brother ____ (leave) for Beijing next Monday morning.

7. There ____ (be) an English film this evening.

8. Zhang Hua and I ____ (play) computer games this afternoon.

9. On Sunday, Tingting usually ____ (help) to do housework. But next Sunday she ____ (do) some shopping.

10. Xiao Ming usually ____ (get) up at 6:00. Now she ____ (get) up. She ____ (get) up at 6:30 tomorrow morning.

Ⅲ.请按括号内的要求转换下列各句。

1. Were going to have some classes this Saturday.（改为否定句）

We ____ going to have ____ classes this Saturday.

2. The students are going to play football next Friday.（改为一般疑问句， 并作否定回答）

——____ the students ____ ____ ____ football next Friday?

——No, they ____.

3. Daniel often helps me with my English.（用tonight改写句子）

Daniel ____ ____ ____ ____ me with my English tonight.

4. My parents are going to watch TV this evening.（对划线部分提问）

____ ____ your parents ____ ____ ____ this evening?

5. Theyre going to hike on their field trip.（改为同义句）

Theyre ____ ____ on their field trip.

参考答案：

Ⅰ.1.doesnt→isnt 2.去掉to go 3.late前加be 4.have→be 5.are→is

Ⅱ.1.goes 2.arent going to have 3.Does, live, is coming 4.Are, going, am going to have 5.arent going to visit 6.is leaving 7.is (going to be) 8.are going to play 9.helps, is going to do 10.gets, is getting, is going to get

Ⅲ.1.arent, any 2.Are, going to play, arent 3.is going to help 4.What are, going to do 5.going hiking