中考名词考点透视
2008-11-26牛荣
牛 荣
名词是历年中考的考查热点之一。同学们在解答这类试题的过程中出现了不少错误。为帮助同学们更好地掌握名词的基本用法,本文仅以2008年全国部分省市的中考试题为例,对其作一简析,供同学们学习时参考。
1. (2008辽宁省沈阳市) At the end of the volleyball match, our school______won by 3∶1.
A. members B. group C. team D. fans
[答案与解析] 四个选项都是可数名词,且意义相近。 member是指“班级、小组或组织中的成员”; group意为“小组”; team意为“队、团队”; fan意为“爱好者”。根据句意,我们不难看出,赢得比赛的应该是我们的“校队”。全句意为:“排球比赛结束时,我们的校队以3:1获胜。” 故正确答案为C。
2. (2008山东省) —Do you like to listen to “Mozart(莫扎特)”?
—Yes. Listening to _________ is my favorite.
A. songs B. music C. stories D. news
[答案与解析] A项意为“歌曲”; B项意为“音乐、乐曲”; C项意为“故事”; D项意为“新闻”。莫扎特是作曲家,他写出的应该是“乐曲”,而不是“歌曲”,当然更不可能是“故事”或者“新闻”。故正确答案为B。
3. (2008山西省太原市) Jack is interested in reading very much, so his parents often take him to the_________.
A. library B. concert C. cinema
[答案与解析] library意为“图书馆”; concert意为“音乐会”; cinema意为“电影院”。既然“杰克对读书很感兴趣”,当然他父母应该经常带他去“图书馆”了,而不应该带他去参加“音乐会”,更不会带他去“电影院”。故正确答案为A。
4. (2008浙江省宁波市) We have no_________ in the fridge. Lets go and buy some peas, carrots and cabbages.
A. vegetables B. eggs C. meat D. fruit
[答案与解析] vegetables意为“蔬菜”; eggs意为“鸡蛋”; meat意为“肉(类)”; fruit意为“水果”。题干后面一句中提到的peas, carrots和cabbages都属于“蔬菜”。我们之所以要去买这些“蔬菜”,就是因为冰箱里没有“vegetables”了。故正确答案为A。
5. (2008重庆市) Yao Ming did a good job in the basketball match yesterday. He is my favorite __________ .
A. worker B. teacher C. dancer D. player
[答案与解析] worker意为“工人”; teacher意为“教师”; dancer意为“舞蹈家”; player意为“运动员”。前一句意为:“在昨天的篮球比赛中,姚明打得好。”他当然是“我”最喜欢的篮球“运动员”。故正确答案为D。
6. (2008河北省) Can you imagine what life will be like in_________ time?
A. 20 years B. 20 years
C. 20-years D. 20-years
[答案与解析] 此句的意思是:“你能想象20年后的生活是什么样子吗?”表示“20年的时间”可用20 years time。 故正确答案为A。
7. (2008湖北省武汉市) —Bill is ill. Do you know whats wrong with him?
—Poor boy. His illness is the _____________ of eating unhealthy food.
A. result B. cause C. reason D. end
[答案与解析] result意为“结果”; cause意为“原因”; reason意为“理由”; end意为“结尾、结束”。比尔生病是因为吃了不健康的食品,换一句话说,就是比尔吃了不健康的食品,结果生病了。因此,正确答案为A。
8. (2008湖北省武汉市) —Hurry up, Jack!
—Just give me five minutes to put my desk in __________.
A. time B. line C. order D. shape
[答案与解析] in time意为“及时”; in line意为“成直线”; in order意为“整齐”; in shape意为“在外形上”。 “put sth in order”意为“把……放整齐”。故正确答案为C。
9. (2008北京市) Betty likes _________ very much. She draws pictures every day.
A. art B. music C. sport D. science
[答案与解析] art意为“艺术”; music意为“音乐”; sport意为“体育运动”; science意为“科学”。从后一句“She draws pictures every day.”我们可以看出,贝蒂喜欢的应该是“艺术”。故正确答案为A。
10. (2008天津市) Hey! If you want to find out about new cartoons, have a look at this_______. Its great.
A. time B. website C. photo D. rock
[答案与解析] time意为“时间”; website意为“网站”; photo意为“照片”; rock意为“岩石”。我们可以想一想,“如果你想查找新的卡通”,去哪里最合适呢?当然是“网站”了。故正确答案为B。
11. (2008河南省) When I hurriedly got to the airport, the lady at the window told me that there were no_________ left on that plane.
A. places B. seats C. space D. room
[答案与解析] 此句的意思为:“当我急匆匆地到达机场时,窗户旁边的那位女士告诉我飞机上已经没有座位了。”“座位”应该用seats表示。 place意为“地方”, space和room意为“空间”,均为不可数名词,不宜填入空白处。故正确答案为B。
12. (2008山东省) He didnt tell his parents he was going home because he wanted to give them a _________.
A. kiss B. surprise C. chance D. gift
[答案与解析] kiss意为“亲吻”; surprise意为“惊喜”; chance意为“机会”; gift意为“礼物”。此句的意思为:“他没有告诉父母他要回家,因为他想给他们一个惊喜。”故正确答案为B。
13. (2008吉林省) Of all the vegetables, I like _________ best.
A. potatoes B. eggs C. milk D. apples
[答案与解析] potatoes意为“土豆”; eggs意为“鸡蛋”; milk意为“牛奶”; apples意为“水果”。四个选项中只有potatoes属于vegetables, 故正确答案为A。
14. (2008安徽省) The music made me think of the _________ of a running stream.
A. shout B. noise C. voice D. sound
[答案与解析] shout意为“大声喊叫”; noise意为“噪音”,常指不悦耳的吵闹声; voice指人的“嗓音”; sound意为“声音、声响”。“这种音乐让我想起的”应该是溪水流动的“sound”, 故正确答案为D。
15. (2008浙江省杭州市) As there were not enough chairs in the park, they had to sit on the ________.
A. ground B. earth C. land D. field
[答案与解析] ground意为“地面”; earth意为“地球”; land意为“陆地”,是与“水面”相对而言; field意为“土地”。从句意为“由于公园里椅子不够用”,他们不能坐在椅子上,那么,他们就不得不坐在“地上”,故正确答案为A。
16. (2008浙江省杭州市) I bought ________ China Daily from a street-corner machine this morning.
A. a page of B. a piece of
C. a copy of D. a book of
[答案与解析] 此句句意为“今天早上我在街角的自动售货机里买了一份《中国日报》”。从句意和表达方式上来看,只有a copy of(一份)符合题意,故正确答案为C。
17. (2008浙江省绍兴市) —I want to buy the book Cold Mountain. Do you know its ________?
—Not very clearly. Maybe fifty yuan.
A. cover B. size C. color D. price
[答案与解析] cover意为“封面”; size意为“尺寸,大小”; color意为“颜色”; price意为“价格”。从题干中的答语“Maybe fifty yuan.”我们可知,问话人应该是在询问“价格”,故正确答案为D。
18. (2008辽宁省大连市) Having afternoon tea is an English________.
A. ceremony B. tradition C. menu D. food
[答案与解析] cermoney意为“仪式”; tradition意为“传统”; menu意为“菜单”; food意为“食品”。从句意推断,“喝下午茶”应该是一种“传统”,故正确答案为B。
19. (2008辽宁省大连市) As a ________, he tries to give the firsthand information to the public as soon as possible.
A. secretary B. passenger C. professor D. reporter
[答案与解析] secretary意为“秘书”; passenger意为“乘客”; professor意为“教授”; reporter意为“记者”。“尽快地把第一手信息传递给公众的”应该是“记者”,不应该是其他这三种人。故正确答案为D。
20. (2008福建省厦门市) —I plan to go out for a trip, but Im afraid I dont know the______.
—A map is helpful, I think.
A. price B. way C. time
[答案与解析] price意为“价格”; way意为“方式,路”; time意为“时间”。从答语“A map is helpful.”我们可知,句中的“我”是不知道“路”。能表达这一意义的只能是“way”, 故正确答案为B。