ｋｅｅｐ用法聚焦

谢　昊

在英语中，keep是一个常用动词，中考和各类考试常常考到它的用法。现就它在初中阶段的用法总结如下：

一、用作及物动词

keep作及物动词有下列用法：

1. 保有；保存；保留

Keep this seat for me. Ill be back right away.

请给我保留这个座位，我马上就回来。

These old clothes are not worth keeping.

这些旧衣服没有保存的价值。

If you like it, keep it. 你如果喜欢的话就把它留下吧。

2. （暂时）保管；（暂时）存放，有时也可以表示“借”的意思。

Will you please keep my watch while I go swimming?

我去游泳，请你保管一下我的表好吗？

You may keep your things in here. 你可以把东西存放在这里。

Keep your credit card in a safe place. 把你的信用卡妥善保管。

——How long may I keep these books?

这些书我能借多长时间？

——You may keep them for two weeks. 你可以借两个星期。

3. 遵守（诺言、法律、条约等）；保守（秘密等）；记录；记载

You must keep your promise.

你必须遵守自己的诺言。

He is a man who always keeps his word. 他是个一贯说话算数的人。

Can you keep a secret?

你能保守秘密吗？

Do you keep a diary every day? 你每天记日记吗？

4. 赡养；供养；抚养；饲养

She kept her sisters children.

她抚养她姐姐的孩子。

He kept his whole family by teaching. 他靠教书养活全家。

They keep a lot of fish in the river. 他们在河里养了很多鱼。

5. 后接复合宾语，即“宾语+宾语补足语”，表示“使某人或某物保持某种状态”。宾语补足语可由形容词、副词、介词短语、v-ing形式、过去分词等充当。

(1)形容词作宾语补足语

Please keep the children quiet.

请让小孩们保持安静。

You must keep your classroom clean and tidy.

你们必须保持教室干净整齐。

(2)副词作宾语补足语

The cold weather kept us indoors.

寒冷的天气使我们呆在家里。

Keep top side up!请勿倒置！

(3)介词短语作宾语补足语

I hope you will keep your mind on your schoolwork.

我希望你把心思放在功课上。

(4)v-ing形式作宾语补足语

Im sorry to keep you waiting.

对不起，让你久等了。

Keep the fire burning.

不要让火熄灭了。

(5)过去分词作宾语补足语

The other students in the class kept their eyes closed. 班上的其它学生闭着眼睛。

No matter what happens, we will keep you informed. 不管发生了什么事情，我们会向你报告。

6. 阻止；妨碍

What kept her from joining us?

什么原因使她没有加入到我们中间来？

The rain kept us from going out. 天下雨，我们出不了门。

二、用作不及物动词

1. 用作连系动词，后接形容词作表语，意思是“保持着（某种状态）”。

Please keep quiet in the library. 请在图书馆保持安静。

She kept silent at school.

她在学校沉默寡言。

The weather keeps fine these days. 这些天天气一直很好。

In order to keep healthy, all the students go in for sports. 为了保持健康，所有学生都参加体育运动。

2. 后接v-ing形式或on+v-ing形式，表示“继续（一直，老是，反复）做某事”。

My parents kept encouraging me to study hard. 我的父母不断鼓励我努力学习。

They decided to keep trying.

他们决定继续试验。

The fire kept burning all night.

火烧了一整夜。

He kept on talking until he was told to stop. 他讲个不停，直到别人制止他才住口。

In the years that followed, Marx kept on learning English and using it. 在这之后的几年中，马克思继续不断地学习和使用英语。

[小试牛刀]选择最佳答案。

(中考试题)

1. Its hard to keep the house

____ with three kids.

A. cleaning B. to clean

C. cleaned D. clean

2. The earth is our home. We

must ____ it clean.

A. change B. sweep

C. keep D. build

3. Jeff borrowed a history book

from his friend. He ____ it for

a week.

A. has borrowed B. has lent

C. has kept D. lend

4. ——How long can I ____ the books?

——Two weeks.

A. borrow B. lend

C. get D. keep

5. No matter how hard it is, well

keep ____ until we make it.

A. failed B. failing

C. tried D. trying

6. We should keep ____ in the

reading-room.

A. quiet B. quietly

C. quite D. quickly

7. It kept ____ for 3 days.

A. on raining

B. to rain

C. rained

8. We must keep the classroom

____.

A. clean B. to clean

C. cleaning D. cleaned

9. Wu Dong was ____ tired that

he couldnt keep his eyes ____.

A. too; open B. so; opened C. too; closed D. so; open

10. We kept ____ the ball to each

other, and they began to get

angry.

A. to pass B. passing

C. pass D. past

11. The teacher asked all the

students in the class to keep

their eyes ____.

A. close B. to close

C. closing D. closed

12. Please come on time. Dont

keep me ____.

A. wait B. waiting

C. waited D. to wait

13. The earth is our home. We

must ____ the land, air and

water clean.

A. change B. share

C. notice D. keep

14. “We must keep ____ in the

library,” the woman said to me

____.

A. quiet; quietly

B. quietly; quietly

C. quietly; quiet

D. quiet; quiet

Key(3)