need用法小结
2008-06-06罗贤龙
罗贤龙
一、 need作实义动词用时,意为“需要”,它有人称、时态和数的变化,后面可接名词、代词、动名词及带to的动词不定式作宾语。常出现在肯定句、疑问句和否定句中。谓语动词为need的肯定句,改为否定句和疑问句时,要加助动词do的某种形式。例如:
1. I need your help. 我需要你的帮助。
2. Do you need a knife? 你需要小刀吗?
3. She doesnt need to clean the house today. 今天她不需要打扫房子。
4. You need to take good care of your mother. 你需要好好照顾你的妈妈。
注意: need后跟动名词的主动形式可表示被动含义,相当于need后接动词不定式的被动形式。例如:
1. Your car needs repairing. (= Your car needs to be repaired.) 你的汽车需要修理。
2. The flowers needs watering. (= The flowers need to be watered.) 这些鲜花需要浇水了。
二、 need作情态动词用时,常出现在疑问句和否定句中,其意仍为“需要”,但没有人称和数的变化,后跟动词原形。回答need引起的一般疑问句时,肯定答语中常用must/have to,否定答语中常用neednt。 例如:
1. —Need I write down these words? 我需要把这些单词写下来吗?
—Yes,you must. 是的,你必须写下来。
2. —Need he come at once? 他需要马上来吗?
—No,he neednt. 不,没有必要。
三、 need也可用作名词,其含意为“需求,需要”。例如:
There is a growing need for college graduates in the countryside. 农村需要的大学毕业生越来越多。
There is no need for you to try again. 你不必再尝试了。
need作名词用时,常见短语有be in need of,意为“需要;缺乏”。例如:
Our school is in needs of a large sum of moneyfor building a library. 我们学校急需一大笔钱来建一座图书馆。
[跟踪练习] 从A,B,C,D中选出正确答案。
1. Tom______get up early tomorrow.
A. needs B. need C. need to D. needs to
2. Look ! The shirt is dirty. It______ .
A. need washing B. need to wash
C. needs washing D. need wash
3. Need the doctor______with you tonight?
A. staying B. stay C. stays D. to stay
4.______David______anything to drink?
A. Need,× B. Needs,× C. Does,need D. Do,need
5. The hospital is______doctors and nurses.
A. in great need of B. on great need of
C. in great need with D. on great need with
Key: 1-5DCBCA