Man and Nature人与自然自然生态与宇宙探索

阅读理解

Passage 1

Here are the best hotels in Auckland， from sea-view nightclubs to urban art escapes.

SO Auckland

The hotel， which feels part-exhibition， part-nightclub， sets itself apart from other chains in downtown Auckland. Running paths are laid out on the in-room screens to help you see the best of Auckland. It is especially impressive to take in views of the high-rises along the Waitematā Seaport from the 16th-floor cocktail bar at the hotel.

Rooms： From NZ$398， room only.

Parohe Island Retreat

Thickly forested Kawau Island lies just beyond the urban orbit. At the remotest end of the seaport around which the island wraps itself， Parohe provides yoga platforms and outdoor baths for guests to relax. It also has a schedule of activities encouraging guests to connect with land and sea， including volleyball and fishing.

Rooms： From NZ$650， room only.

Emerald Inn

Across the harbour from downtown Auckland， this hotel is ideal for multi-generational trips. There are enough local activities for families to spend a week here， from the Sunday beachside market to Lake Pupuke， a freshwater-filled volcanic crater （火山口） where you can try boating or windsurfing.

Rooms： From NZ$235， room only.

Hotel Britomart

The newest arrival on this list is Hotel Britomart， an understated （素雅的） hotel among the high-rises. It is the only hotel on this list to gain a 5-Green-Star award for sustainability. The location makes it popular among both holidaymakers and locals， who happily fill the tables of its superb fish restaurant， Kingi. Local food is so championed that the menu names those responsible for each catch.

Rooms： From NZ$377， room only.

1. Which is the most expensive hotel？

A. SO Auckland. B. Parohe Island Retreat.

C. Emerald Inn. D. Hotel Britomart.

2. What can visitors do around Emerald Inn？

A. Pay a visit to its exhibitions. B. Windsurf in its volcanic crater.

C. Do yoga and have outdoor baths. D. Try fish bought from identified fishers.

3. What sets Hotel Britomart apart from the others？

A. The environmental friendliness. B. The sweeping city views.

C. The artistic atmosphere. D. The family fun.

Passage 2

For rescued dogs to get adopted， they need to stand out from the pack. One teenage boy， Darius Brown， has made it his mission to make sure they do—and he does it by providing these dogs with many adorable bow ties that he sews himself.

Darius Brown’s sister， Dazhai， taught him to sew when he was 8. The youngster’s first project， a Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtle-themed bow tie， proved popular with his peers.

According to his mom， Joy， her son’s new passion was something of a godsend. Diagnosed （诊断） at an early age with speech and fine-motor skill disorders， she noticed Darius’s abilities steadily improve as he painstakingly pursued his new skill. “He was so determined. He sat and watched Dazhai for months and took it all in，” Joy said. “He started out cutting cloth and pretty soon， he was running the sewing machine by himself.”

When Darius learned about all the family pets left homeless by Hurricane Irma， he was inspired to use his emerging talent in helping them get adopted. He soon delivered his first group of 25 rescue bow ties to New York City’s ASPCA animal shelter， which had become a refuge （避难所） for large numbers of dogs and cats displaced by Irma.

“I saw how happy the people at the shelter were to get the bow ties and how much the dogs liked them， and I decided to make more，” he said. “I came up with a goal to give bow ties to an animal shelter in every state.”

With a little help from his mom， Darius brought his Beaux and Paws brand to life on social media. The Browns also set up a GoFundMe campaign to help pay for Darius’s sewing supplies. As demand for his “collar-ful” wares grew， Darius also broadened his operations by starting up his own website， Sir Darius Brown.

1. How did Darius help dogs get adopted according to Paragraph 1？

A. He taught them some basic skills. B. He built animal shelters for them.

C. He sewed some decorations for them. D. He bought attractive clothes for them.

2. What can we know about Darius’s early life？

A. He owned a sewing machine. B. He had some physical problems.

C. He had a talent for learning languages. D. He was interested in designing clothes.

3. What does the underlined word “godsend” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？

A. Ability. B. Benefit. C. Blessing. D. Disadvantage.

4. What made Darius have the desire to help those dogs？

A. The popularity of adorable bow ties.

B. The destruction caused by Hurricane Irma.

C. The request from the GoFundMe campaign.

D. The establishment of ASPCA animal shelter.

Passage 3

The ocean is a huge body of saltwater that covers about 71 percent of Earth’s surface. An estimated 97 percent of the world’s water is found in the ocean. Because of this， the ocean has considerable impact on weather， temperature， and the food supply of humans and other organisms. The ocean remains a mystery. More than 80 percent of the ocean has never been mapped， explored， or even seen by humans. A far greater percentage of the surfaces of the moon and the planet Mars has been mapped and studied than of our own ocean floor.

Although there is much more to learn， oceanographers （海洋学家） have already made some amazing discoveries. For example， we know that the ocean contains towering mountain ranges and deep valleys， just like those on land. The peak of the world’s tallest mountain—Mount Qomolangma in the Himalayas， measuring 8848.86 meters high—would not even break the surface of the water if it was placed in the Pacific Ocean’s Mariana Trench or Philippine Trench， two of the deepest parts of the ocean. On the other hand， the Atlantic Ocean is relatively shallow because large parts of its seafloor are made up of continental shelves—parts of the continents that extend far out into the ocean. The average depth of the entire ocean is around 3，700 meters.

It is unknown how many different species call the ocean their home. With many ocean ecosystems suffering from rising sea temperatures， pollution， and other problems， some oceanographers believe the number of species is dropping. Still， there may be many positive surprises awaiting oceanographers in the years ahead. It could be that more than 90 percent of the ocean’s species are still undiscovered， with some scientists estimating that there are anywhere between a few hundred thousand and a few million more to be discovered. Currently， scientists know of around 230，000 ocean species. Since the ocean is so vast， there is plenty for future oceanographers from all corners of the globe to explore and discover.

1. What does the author want to show by mentioning the moon and Mars？

A. We need more knowledge about space. B. People have decided to know space.

C. People know little about the ocean. D. Space exploration is crucial.

2. What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 2？

A. Some ocean knowledge from oceanographers. B. Significance of the ocean floor to animals.

C. The heights of different mountain ranges. D. Reasons why ocean floors are rough.

3. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us about the species in the ocean？

A. Oceanographers have calculated them clearly. B. There are many more that are undiscovered.

C. They are far away from polluted areas. D. Their number has stopped dropping.

4. What is a suitable title for the text？

A. We Must Stop the Ocean Pollution B. The Ocean Brings Benefits to People

C. The Ocean Deserves Our Further Study D. We Should Have a Positive Attitude to the Ocean

Passage 4

Until recently， gravitational waves could have been the stuff of Einstein’s imagination. Before they were detected， these waves in space time existed only in the physicist’s general theory of relativity， as far as scientists knew. Now， researchers are on the hunt for more ways to detect the waves. “The study of gravitational waves is booming，” says astrophysicist Karan Jani of Vanderbilt University in Nashville. “This is just remarkable. No field I can think of in fundamental physics has seen progress this fast.”

Just as light comes in a variety of wavelengths， so do gravitational waves. Different wavelengths point to different types of origins of the universe and require different kinds of detectors. Gravitational waves with wavelengths of a few thousand kilometers—like those detected by the United States， Italy and Japan—come mostly from pairs of black holes （about 10 times the mass of the sun）， or from collisions （相撞） of dense cosmic blocks called neutron stars （中子星）. These detectors could also spot waves from certain types of exploding stars and rapidly moving neutron stars.

In contrast， huge waves that span light-years are thought to be created by orbiting pairs of bigger black holes with masses billions of times that of the sun. Scientists reported the first strong evidence of these types of waves by turning the entire galaxy into a detector， watching how the waves make slight changes to the timing of regular blinks from neutron stars throughout the Milky Way.

Physicist Jason Hogan of Stanford University thinks there are still a lot of gaps in the coverage of wavelengths. “But it makes sense to cover all the bases. Who knows what else we may find？” he says. The search for capturing the full complement of the universe’s gravitational waves exactly could take observatories out into the moon， to the atomic area and elsewhere.

1. What does Karan Jani think of the current study on gravitational wave？

A. Great and pioneering. B. Progressing the fastest.

C. Limited but continuous. D. Slow but steadily increasing.

2. What do the detected gravitational waves mostly involve？

A. Collisions of planets. B. The presence of light.

C. Black holes and neutron stars. D. The creation of different detectors.

3. How did scientists manage to find huge waves’ evidence？

A. By analyzing sunlight. B. By locating the new galaxy.

C. By using the whole galaxy as a tool. D. By observing the sun’s regular movement.

4. What can the future study explore according to the last paragraph？

A. The atomic field. B. The mapping of the galaxy.

C. Certain wavelengths on the moon. D. Potential places to detect gravitational waves.

阅读七选五

Passage 1

Bathing in the forest can effectively reduce stress， lower blood pressure and strengthen immune system. Here are some tips on how to harvest these health benefits.

1 . The ideal place for forest bathing is in a big forest， of course. But if you live far away from one or don’t have the means to get there， any place that has a lot of trees and quiet spaces will do. For example， you can get beneficial effects even from walking in a city park.

Set aside enough time. To get the rewards of forest bathing， plan to spend two to six hours in the woods. 2 ， you can also do shorter walks. But the health benefits won’t be as significant. Therefore， the longer the time in the forest， the better.

Aim to reduce heart rate. Your forest bathing session is a good time to sit or walk or do some gentle Tai Chi. 3 . The difference between exercise and forest bathing is that you’re going to move very slowly. Forest bathing is about calming down your nervous system and reducing your heart rate and blood pressure. 4 ， your tiredness will reduce the effect of forest bathing.

Breathe deeply in the forest. This particular breathing exercise benefits on its own outside of the forest environment. 5 .

A. Sit down and try this exercise

B. If you do too much physical exercise

C. But it’s not the time to do your weekly exercise

D. Find a location where you’re surrounded by a lot of trees

E. You can also get some of the benefits by planting some trees at home

F. If you can’t set aside a good part of your day to wander through the forest

G. But doing it in the forest gives you more health benefits nature has to offer

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Passage 2

Going on solo travel is more than just a holiday; it’s a journey of self-discovery， growth and transformation. However， it’s not easy to make a decision because of the potential risks. 1 ？ These four ways that solo traveling will change your life will convince you to buy that plane ticket！

Self-discovery beyond your comfort zone

Solo travel forces you out of your comfort zone. You do everything on your own， from choosing destinations to exploring unfamiliar streets. 2 . It will equip you to tackle challenges with a newfound confidence.

Cultural involvement and global view

3 . Being alone makes you more approachable， making it easier for locals and fellow travelers to engage with you. Whether it’s striking up a conversation with a native or sharing a meal with locals， solo travel provides a unique window into the cultural tapestry （织锦） of each destination.

4

From understanding foreign languages to managing unexpected changes in plans， you are regularly meet with challenges that demand creative solutions. The ability to think on your feet and find innovative solutions to unexpected issues equips you to tackle challenges in various aspects of your personal and professional life.

Mindfulness and living in the present

In busy daily life， it’s easy to lose sight of the present moment. Solo travel allows you to fully expose yourself to the experiences at hand. Whether it’s enjoying a breathtaking sunset， or simply wandering through the streets of an unfamiliar city， solo travel encourages a deep appreciation for the present. 5 .

A. Enhanced problem-solving skills

B. Still hesitate to take a solo travel adventure

C. Increased self-confidence and independence

D. Solo travel is the opportunity to expose yourself to diverse cultures

E. This newfound mindfulness helps you gain a more fulfilling existence

F. Enjoy the loneliness， and allow solo travel to bring a positive change to your life

G. Through these experiences， you’ll build a stronger， more self-aware version of yourself

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完形填空

Passage 1

Granny fell ill before Valentine’s Day. She had to 1 our planned zoo trip， which she had been 2 .

“Remember to say hi to the monkeys for me，” Granny 3 us up before we left. We did go and have fun， but I kept 4 Granny could have been with us.

Tex spotted some 5 and suggested taking a picture in front of them. While we said， “Cheese，” Indi accidentally said， “Happy Valentine’s Day， Granny！” This slip of the tongue reminded me. I 6 taking pictures of different animals and turning them into a zoo valentine

（情人节礼物） for Granny. Everyone 7 that.

At home， we 8 out the printed pictures on the table. Since it was 9 to fit so many pictures onto a heart-shaped card， we 10 to create a whole bunch of valentines， each card representing an animal.

11 ， our print didn’t have color ink， so we 12 the black-and-white pictures with markers and made speech balloons for the animals. When we were done， I made a couple of 13 on the cards and tied them together to make a book. It took forever to finish， but it turned out 14 .

“Oh， you little sweet potatoes！” Granny smiled when we gave her our 15 . “You sure did turn this lady’s frown upside down！ I love you so much.”

1. A. review B. miss C. arrange D. ruin

2. A. hearing of B. approving of C. longing for D. searching for

3. A. cheered B. picked C. connected D. woke

4. A. demanding B. insisting C. imagining D. wishing

5. A. cards B. tourists C. balloons D. monkeys

6. A. advised B. denied C. inquired D. permitted

7. A. ignored B. received C. appreciated D. questioned

8. A. sold B. spread C. counted D. handed

9. A. extraordinary B. impossible C. essential D. meaningless

10. A. continued B. expected C. decided D. claimed

11. A. Unfortunately B. Ultimately C. Gradually D. Apparently

12. A. associated B. displayed C. illustrated D. colored

13. A. notes B. symbols C. holes D. marks

14. A. noble B. great C. enormous D. classical

15. A. creation B. assumption C. devotion D. invitation

Passage 2

Dave had always loved the ocean. You wouldn’t believe how excited he was at Christmas when seeing gift-wrapped 1 .

But when he began to surf， something 2 happened. Dave thought he knew the water well， but a big wave 3 him away. Dave felt powerless against the 4 in the deep water and lost confidence. Just then another surfer paddled （蹚水） up beside him. “Can I help you？” he asked. Dave 5 him. It was Mike. “I can help you back to shore，” he continued. “First， you need to

6 that fear and relax a little.” Dave began to relax his grip （紧抓）. “Good，” said Mike. “Let the wave pick you up， and then 7 your weight forward. As you start to build up speed， move your 8 back until you feel balanced. Just enjoy the ride.”

When Dave reached the 9 near the shore， he was bursting with excitement， fascinated that the current which had terrified him was seen as a helpful way by Mike. He had 10 this. He was right to be 11 of the big waves， but no longer did he feel out of his 12 . “Looks like you don’t need me any longer，” said Mike. “You are a 13 . Have fun.”

Dave took a last wave， 14 it confidently to the shore. Watching the signs of the tide and the size of the waves， he realized they hadn’t changed. It was he who was really different—stronger and more confident. The previous 15 had given way to joy and exhilaration （激动心情）.

1. A. surfboards B. wetsuits C. shorts D. glasses

2. A. exciting B. joyful C. scary D. sorrowful

3. A. put B. swept C. gave D. drove

4. A. beach B. seaweed C. shore D. current

5. A. recognized B. challenged C. questioned D. joined

6. A. think of B. speak of C. let go of D. take notice of

7. A. take B. load C. lead D. shift

8. A. weight B. focus C. legs D. hands

9. A. sands B. shallows C. destination D. center

10. A. quitted B. shared C. doubted D. grasped

11. A. cautious B. tired C. afraid D. suspicious

12. A. sight B. breath C. depth D. mind

13. A. survivor B. competitor C. professional D. hero

14. A. fighting B. riding C. breaking D. beating

15. A. self-respect B. self-confidence C. self-doubt D. self-criticism

语法填空

Passage 1

Stamp collecting has recently emerged as a fresh and innovative approach for young people to document their travels. Instead of 1 （mere） taking photos with famous landmarks， enthusiasts of this new trend eagerly explore every corner of various attractions， museums， and shops during their journeys in search of various stamps. They imprint the stamps with 2 （scene） spots or images of famous people， thus 3 （create） a unique memory of their travels. Free or paid， each stamp serves as a 4 （represent） of the visitor’s presence at that specific location， becoming a 5 （cherish） part of their memories.

Shi Junchu， 29， came across stamp collecting three years ago while traveling. She found it to be a better way of commemorating her travels 6 purchasing souvenirs， so she carries a specially prepared notebook for collecting stamps whenever she travels.

“Stamp collecting has added more meaning to my travels. Turning the pages of those notebooks 7 （feel） somewhat like looking at photos. I can recall 8 happened back then just by turning to a page the delicious food I had， and the fun experiences I enjoyed， she said.

She currently operates a private museum in Kunming. 9 last October， she has also introduced stamp-collecting services 10 （encourage） more visitors to explore the museum.

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Passage 2

Giant pandas Yang Guang and Tian Tian arrived in southwest China’s Sichuan Province on Tuesday morning， after wrapping up 1 （they） stay in Britain. The pair 2 （touch） down at the Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport at about 6：50 am， before 3 （send） to the Bifengxia Giant Panda Base in Ya’an for a month-long observation and detection.

Yang Guang and Tian Tian， 4 literally mean Sunshine and Sweetie， arrived at Edinburgh Zoo in December 2011 on a 10-year loan. The loan extended for an additional two years subsequently. 5 the only pandas in Britain， they acquired significant attention， attracting a record number of 6 （visit） to come to the zoo.

They did not give birth to any cubs （幼崽） during their stay in Britain. There were several attempts to get Tian Tian pregnant 7 none of them were successful.

Before their 8 （depart）， Edinburgh Zoo conducted training sessions to acclimate the pair to the upcoming journey. The zoo had also prepared fresh bamboo for the pandas as food during the flight.

According to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration， Chinese pandas 9 （live） in 23 institutions in 19 foreign countries are generally in good health condition， and interna-tional cooperation in this respect has been 10 （fruit）.

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读后续写

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

One bright Saturday morning， Mali and her mom walked around the neighborhood. Mali paused to look at the budding （正发芽的） trees on her block. “I can’t wait until summer，” she said， “especially for Mrs Fair’s great tomatoes at her market stand.”

Mali’s mom stood looking at the empty lot where the market was set up every summer weekend. She looked at Mali， “Honey， Mrs Fair told me last week that she had to close her stand. She’s really getting too old to run it anymore.”

Mali turned， stared， and put her hands on her waist. “But Mrs Fair’s stand can’t close！” she said. “It’s the only place in the neighborhood we can buy fresh， delicious tomatoes.”

After they got home， Mali headed out to her backyard swing to think. “If only I could plant a garden，” she thought. “But our yard is way too small.” Just then， she noticed her neighbor， Mr Taylor， looking at his daffodils （水仙花）. Mali knew he was thinking about how he had planted those flowers with his wife. This was the first spring since his wife had died， and Mali saw the sadness on his face. Then she had an idea.

Mali cleared her throat， and Mr Taylor looked up. Mali decided to walk over to the fence. “Hi， Mr Taylor，” she said. He waved， and turned away. “Wait！” Mali cried. Taking a risk while she still felt brave， she rushed to gather her thoughts. “Mr Taylor， Mrs Fair isn’t doing her tomato stand anymore because she’s getting old. So I’d like to grow tomatoes. I don’t want to get in the way of your flowers， but I really want tomatoes.”

Suddenly， Mr Taylor smiled. “Mali， I’m not sure what you’re talking about， but you’ve made me smile. Reasons to smile have been scarce （罕见的） lately. What do you want to do？” Mali repeated， “I wanted to plant tomatoes， but I have no big land.” She sounded a little awkward.

注意：续写词数应为150个左右。

Just then， an idea came to Mr Taylor.

Mr Taylor taught Mali how to prepare the soil and place the plants.

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