Unit 5 Revealing nature

2024-03-03

时代英语·高一 2024年2期

关键词：定语状语宾语

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas

單词拼写根据首字母或汉语提示，用本部分所学单词的正确形式填空。

1.Through Jack’s words， I strongly s_________ that he was lying to us.

2.You are expected to a________ the call with fast actions.

3.In the course of e________， some birds have lost the power of flight.

4.The Mars is so d________ from Earth that it will take more than six months for a spaceship to arrive at it.

5.We’ve got more ________（种子） than we need. We can spare you some.

6.Those stone tools indicate the early cultural abilities of our human________ （祖先）.

7.The Employment Minister said the changes in society would________ （创造） new jobs.

8.They took ________ （样本） of the patients’ blood to carry out the research.

选择填空用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。

in question come to exist be crowded with be similar to adapt to

1. The restaurant ________ customers at meal times.

2. When they moved to France， the children ________ the changes very well.

3. No one knows exactly when the tradition of eating dumplings ________ .

4. The plot of this movie ________ that of many other movies.

5. I’m only worried about Tom’s attitude to the job because his ability is not ________ .

课文语法填空

The captain of the ship， the Beagle， wanted to find someone who would benefit from the chance of visiting distant countries. A young man 1 had left medical school without completing his degree answered the call. He received a letter 2 （predict） that he would be “ 3 disgrace to yourself and all your family”. However， the journey was full of important scientific 4 （discovery）.

The journey gave the young man the chance 5 （study） various living things in their natural environments. He noticed that some species of animals were very similar， and guessed that maybe animals evolved as they adapted 6 their changing environments. He suspected that some animals had evolved from a common ancestor. The guess was beyond traditional thoughts at that time， when people believed that all species 7 （appear） on Earth at the same time， and had not changed since. The young man brought up a 8 （complete） new idea—a theory of 9 （evolve）. He wrote a book named On the Origin of Species to explain his new theory， which immediately 10 （cause） a storm. But the young man’s scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people began to believe the theory. The young man was the famous geologist and naturalist， Charles Darwin.

1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________

6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________

閱读理解

Even plant can run a fever， especially when they’re under attack by insects or disease. But unlike human， plants can have their temperature taken from 3，000 feet away straight up. A decade ago， adopting the infrared （红外线） scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites， physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field， which invariably includes plants that don’t have pest problems.

Even better， Paley’s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flying at 3，000 feet at night， an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted （散发） by crops. The data were transformed into a color-coded map showing where plants were running “fevers”. Farmers could then spot-spray， using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.

The bad news is that Paley’s company closed down in 1984， after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term sponsors were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce， and refinements （改进） in infrared scanning， Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States，” says George Oerther of Texas

A & M. Ray Jackson， who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture， thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade， but only if Paley finds the financial support which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.

1. Plants will emit an increased amount of heat when they are ________.

A. sprayed with pesticides B. facing an infrared scanner

C. in poor physical condition D. under too much sun rays

2. What is the purpose to use infrared scanning in applying pesticide spraying？

A. To measure the size of the affected area. B. To estimate the damage to the crops.

C. To draw a color-coded map. D. To locate the problem area.

3. How can farmers save a considerable amount of pesticide？

A. By making use of spot-spraying. B. By transforming poisoned rain.

C. By consulting infrared scanning experts. D. By detecting crop problems at an early stage.

4. What is the agricultural experts’ attitude towards the infrared scanning technology？

A. Doubted. B. Negative. C. Concerned. D. Supportive.

阅读七选五

Ways to Get Your Kids into Nature

Being in nature for kids has lots of health benefits. There are many ways you can combine nature with your children’s lives， even if you live in the city.

Inspire curiosity by being curious yourself. A parent’s excitement can be spread to the children， and when you show respect for nature， your children follow suit. 1 . “I don’t know！ Let’s find out together.” is a wonderful way to get the ball rolling. Be open to a common adventure and allow your curious inner child to come out while you explore nature with your children.

2 . If you have to carpool （拼車） in the morning， turn off the devices and instead encourage your children to look out of the window. The early morning fall skies are beautiful with color and migrating birds. After all， even views of nature from the car window are calming and beneficial.

Stop thinking about nature time as leisure time. Time in nature is an essential investment in your children’s health and well-being. If you view nature time as essential to good health， you will be more likely to engage in it. 3 ， nurturing （培养） creativity and wonder is part of your responsibility as parents.

Look at the stars. Visit your local observatory， and then drive out of the city some morning or evening for your own stargazing （天体观察） with a blanket and telescope. Observing the stars offers a deeper and wider understanding of the universe. 4 .

Plant a small garden. 5 . Bean and pea plants grow quickly and can be eaten when mature， so teach your children about food and the wonder of growth.

A. Limit electronic devices while driving

B. Encourage questions you don’t know the answers to

C. If you want to raise your healthy and well-balanced children

D. If you have the space， help your children plant a few vegetables

E. It will teach teamwork， pride in the community， and family togetherness

F. If your child is interested， encourage him to get involved in the community

G. Allow yourself to think about it， and talk to your children about that wonder

1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________

Section Ⅱ Using language

单句语法填空在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

1. Alone in his room， Joe asked himself whether he was （blame）.

2. The two groups of children have quite different （characteristic）.

3. It is known to all that pandas are native China.

4. The prices of electronic products （decline） by 7 percent since last May.

5. The researchers say they will carry more studies to confirm the results.

6.The twins， who （finish） their homework， were allowed to play badminton in the playground.

7.I had no difficulty finding Ann’s house because she （give） us clear directions before.

8.The old man was injured but he still was able to get to the village and was saved the end.

9.I （intend） to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage， but I couldn’t manage it.

10. When walking down the street， I came across Mary， whom I （not see） for ages.

单元语法填空阅读下面短文，根据上下文语境，结合单元所学语法知识完成短文。

Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second home. He 1 （learn） the value and beauty of nature from a very young age.

When he was 16， Molai began to notice something 2 （disturb） had happened around his home. A flood 3 （hit） the area earlier that year and the damage it caused 4 （drive） away a number of birds. Besides， the number of snakes 5 （decline） as well. He realized that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the heat. The solution， of course， was

6 （plant） trees so the animals could seek shelter during the daytime. He turned to the forest department for help but 7 （tell） that nothing would grow there. However， Molai went looking on his own and discovered a nearby island where he began to plant trees.

Watering young plants in the dry season was tough for a lone boy. Molai 8 （build） at the top of each sapling （幼樹） a bamboo platform， where he placed earthen pots with small holes to collect rainwater. The water would then drip （滴落） on the plants below.

Molai continued to plant trees for the next 37 years. So far， his efforts 9 （result） in 1，360 acres of naturally-grown land that 10 （become） home to many plants and animals.

1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________

6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________

完形填空

In Lauderdale lives a young girl， Mary Lou. She is a（n） 1 bird-watcher at a very young age. In fact， she’s so 2 about birds that she has already written a children’s book about them. It’s 3 for a 13-year-old girl in school.

It all started when her 4 moved to a new neighborhood. Mary would feel very 5 at times with few kids living on her street. Becoming a bird-watcher helped her 6 the new neighborhood and feel more at home.

7 ， she became deeply attracted to bird-watching in Grade Six when she had to write a book for a school project. She decided to write something she knew： the mockingbird. The homework was just the 8 of Mary’s great writing adventure.

Every morning Mary takes her binoculars （雙筒望远镜） and heads out to 9 birds. To watch birds， one must not make a lot of 10 . If a watcher makes any 11 movement， the birds will probably become 12 and fly away.

Mary usually uses her binoculars to 13 different types of birds. Sometimes she just

14 in the wildlife areas and observes （观察） the various birds as they come to eat and drink at the nearby 15 . Mary is quite a（n） 16 on birds types， but she can’t always 17 every bird she sees. So she thinks there are always new lessons and the sky is full of 18 .

When Mary was writing her bird book for children， she studied hard by searching the Internet. She also 19 some of the birds for the book herself with her colored pencils. Finally， after nine months of 20 ， the book was finished.

1. A. experienced B. independent C. brave D. normal

2. A. selective B. knowledgeable C. patient D. flexible

3. A. easy B. changeable C. relaxing D. amazing

4. A. family B. friend C. aunt D. brother

5. A. proud B. joyful C. lonely D. hesitant

6. A. respond to B. settle into C. figure out D. go off

7. A. Obviously B. Hopefully C. Luckily D. Gradually

8. A. schedule B. process C. beginning D. lesson

9. A. feed on B. give away C. look for D. clean up

10. A. mistakes B. noises C. descriptions D. actions

11. A. perfect B. sudden C. direct D. strange

12. A. ashamed B. pleased C. disappointed D. scared

13. A. identify B. gather C. drive D. master

14. A. plays B. walks C. sits D. rests

15. A. lake B. station C. house D. town

16. A. journalist B. expert C. artist D. designer

17. A. catch B. name C. like D. help

18. A. power B. imagination C. secrets D. dreams

19. A. collected B. rescued C. kept D. illustrated

20. A. studies B. doubts C. complaints D. efforts

语法填空

The world’s oldest 1 （know） wild bird is a 70-year-old albatross （信天翁） named Wisdom. Since last fall， she and her mate 2 （sit） on an egg. Last month， their chick hatched （孵化）.

The Midway Atoll （环礁） 3 （make） up of two small islands in the Pacific Ocean. 4 area is home to about 1.3 million Laysan albatrosses like Wisdom.

In 1956， when Wisdom was about five， she was banded by a scientist， Chandler Robbins. In 2002， when Mr Robbins returned to Midway， he was 5 （excite） to find Wisdom again and realized she was over fifty.

Albatrosses normally have just one partner. But Wisdom has lived so long 6 she has had several partners. Akeakamai has been her partner since around 2012. It takes so much effort to hatch an egg and raise a chick that many albatrosses only lay one egg every other year.

Wisdom laid her most recent egg 7 late November of last year. Since then， she and Akeakamai had taken 8 （turn） sitting on the egg and keeping it warm. The chick arrived on February 2.

Now Wisdom and Akeakamai are keeping busy， 9 （take） long trips over the sea to gather food for their chick. Scientists think Wisdom’s age and experience are 10 （possible） helping keep her safe on these trips.

1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________

6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________

短文改错

I used to going to the countryside to draw animals and plants. One day I was walked across a field looking for rabbits to draw. Losing in thought， I didn’t notice an ox to running towards me. About 100 meters ahead was a tree under that I would sit and draw. Suddenly， I heard the noise behind me. I turned and saw the ox. Knowing an ox can run many faster than a man， I quickly reached the trees and climb up. From there I saw the ox kicking my food bag with its feet. It keeps doing this 15 minutes and moved away. But I was quite nervous in the tree.

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas

單词填空用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.His house stands on a hill and can be seen from a _______ of two miles while my house is ten miles _______ from his， and our two families are_______ related. （distant）

2.If you _______ to your own page， use the hot words which are _______ with the keywords. （link）

3.In order to_______us of his honesty， he gave us several _______ cases. （convince）

4.Two _______ were asked in connection with the killing yesterday， but the police _______ that another man did it. （suspect）

5.She _______ through the bag and found a_______ of plant. （root）

6.We had to _______the truth from a mass of confused evidence of the _______ of animals. （evolve）

单句表达根据括号内提示翻译句子。

1. 天气很好，沙滩上挤满了晒日光浴的人们。（be crowded with）

2. 是文化而不是语言使得他很难适应国外的新环境。（It is/was… that 句型）

3. 我家有个花瓶，据说是从明代传下来的。（date back to）

4. 他对所谓的流行歌曲很感兴趣。（宾语从句）

5. 他实验成功这个事实使我们大家很高兴。（同位语从句）

提示写作

运用所给词汇或句型造句，并组成一段连贯的短文（80词左右）。

seize adopt chat with first choice I am deeply convinced that…

It’s a good option to… We’d rather not… but do… In order to…， we need…

阅读理解

Ellen Kalish runs a center for rescued wild animals in New York. When a woman asked if she could treat an owl （猫头鹰）， she was happy to help. Then， the caller told her exactly where the tiny owl was hiding out. It was the Christmas tree in Rockefeller Center in New York City！ Kalish said she has been helping wild animals for 20 years， but she has never heard a story like that. The rescued owl has been nicknamed “Rockefeller”.

When workers were unwrapping the tree which just arrived， one of them spotted the creature. At first the worker thought the owl might be injured. One of the workers called his wife， telling her he was bringing the owl home. He asked if she could find a place that helps wildlife animals. She called Kalish.

How did Rockefeller end up stuck in the tree in the first place？ Kalish offered a few ideas. He could have gone to the tree to hide and got trapped later， she said. Maybe once the tree was loaded onto a truck， the branches squished （擠压） him into the trunk. He might have been too scared to move.

Kalish met the woman who first called her at a gas station. The woman handed her a cardboard box with the owl inside.

Kalish brought Rockefeller back to the wildlife center. She said she gave him plenty of water and left two mice in the plastic pet carrier. They were gone by the next morning. Rockefeller spent most of his time at the wildlife center eating or sleeping. On Monday， he went to the vet （兽医） to get some X-rays taken. He has no broken bones， Kalish added.

Rockefeller will not spend much time at the center， she said. She is preparing to release him soon. The release will be quick and quiet， she said， and she will bring a camera to take pictures of him flying away.

“I will wish him a very long and happy life，” Kalish said.

1. How did Kalish peel probably when she heard the story of the owl？

A. Disappointed. B. Exhausted. C. Surprised. D. Excited.

2. Why did the owl get into the Christmas tree probably according to Kalish？

A. To hide there. B. To get some food.

C. To have fun there. D. To settle into it as home.

3. How did Kalish help the owl？

A. She rescued him from other wild animals. B. She drove him back to his home.

C. She gave him water and food. D. She treated his broken bones.

4. Which word best describes Rockefeller’s life in the wildlife center？

A. Disappointing. B. Comfortable. C. Unpleasant. D. Interesting.

Over 22 million dead animals that have never been seen by the public before were on display last week in London， Britain. The selection is one of the biggest and the best in the world and the Natural History Museum hopes that it will help people understand nature better.

People were able to examine the animals， which range from tiny insects that lived millions of years ago to the bones of dinosaurs and butterflies in amazing detail.

The scientific specimens （標本） are all either stored in alcohol or made in a fossil （化石） form and have been given to the new Darwin Centre by scientists and researchers over the last hundred years.

The centre， named after the world-famous scientist Charles Darwin， will be open free to the public. It is part of the much larger Natural History Museum， which attracts over 2 million visitors a year. The new museum has actual specimens caught by Darwin， including a parrotfish and a pipefish he caught while on his journey around the world. There are also lots of other specimens caught by famous explorers that lived over 150 years ago， which include a tusk （长牙） from an African elephant given by famous British scientist David Livingstone.

People can view specimens close up， watch videos of scientists at work， look at information on computers， and look up through the seven-floor storage hall to sense the huge scale of what’s inside. They are also able to take guided tours and join in live events with scientists.

5. What does the museum mean for visitors according to Paragraph 1？

A. To understand humans better. B. To know the animal world better.

C. To see different kinds of dead animals. D. To enrich their knowledge of the universe.

6. What can we learn about the dead animals on display from Paragraph 3？

A. They are all kinds of fish. B. They are open free to people.

C. They were caught by Charles Darwin. D. They might be stored for many years.

7. Which specimen was caught by David Livingstone？

A. A pipefish. B. A parrotfish. C. An elephant tusk. D. An African elephant.

8. What can be the best title for the text？

A. The Process of Science Museum B. A New Darwin Centre

C. History of the Animals D. Time You Can Touch

完形填空

Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age. There are species that are 1 every day. The white-naped crane （白枕鶴） is a typical example. So scientists are trying their best to

2 the species from going out of existence.

Chris and Tim work at a 3 ， helping endangered cranes with their 4 . Emma， a female crane， has been in their 5 since her arriving several years ago.

Born at an international crane foundation， Emma was 6 by human caretakers. This led to a（n） 7 consequence （后果）， though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had 8 taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She 9 to live with male cranes， and even had a reputation （名声） for killing some of them， which made it 10 for her to become a mother.

However， the two zookeepers didn’t want to see the extinction of this 11 species. With their patience and efforts， they 12 developed a combination of artificial breeding （人工繁殖） and natural reproduction. This enabled Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.

The two keepers are 13 of their productive work. But before they can be assured， more

14 must be made， because the 15 of the crane in the wild is on the decline， and many other species appear to head toward extinction. 16 ， not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts， feelings， and most importantly， equal rights to 17 .

How can we 18 the increasing gap that separates us from other animals？ Chris and Tim offered us the 19 ： human beings took it for granted that their brains hold all the solutions， but maybe their 20 can be a better guide.

1. A. growing B. migrating C. competing D. disappearing

2. A. ban B. save C. separate D. remove

3. A. zoo B. factory C. garden D. hospital

4. A. management B. action C. reproduction D. recreation

5. A. care B. eye C. mind D. story

6. A. found B. chosen C. raised D. seized

7. A. satisfied B. unexpected C. common D. unhappy

8. A. never B. usually C. unluckily D. cheerfully

9. A. failed B. needed C. refused D. began

10. A. funny B. perfect C. easy D. impossible

11. A. distant B. giant C. valuable D. cruel

12. A. successfully B. hardly C. regretfully D. sadly

13. A. impatient B. afraid C. proud D. tired

14. A. cases B. efforts C. questions D. exercises

15. A. skill B. health C. price D. population

16. A. In the end B. After all C. By the way D. For example

17. A. hunt B. perform C. survive D. guide

18. A. consider B. keep C. develop D. bridge

19. A. course B. excuse C. answer D. prize

20. A. hearts B. hands C. feet D. noses

Writing

话题表达指导

话题介绍

话题：观察日记。要求学生通过观察某种植物或动物的特性或生长过程写观察日记，叙述亲身经历和耳闻目睹的事情。

建议体裁：记叙文。

注意事项：观察日记要写清楚观察的目的、步骤和结果，对观察到的现象的描述要客观准确，语言要简洁质朴、通俗易懂。

题例导学

题目

假定你是李华，你想观察某种植物从种子到植株的生长过程。请根据下面的提示写一篇观察日记，内容包括：

1. 介绍植物；

2. 描述生长过程；

3. 表达个人感受。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

思路引导1·要点分析

观察对象：介绍所要观察的植物及其生存环境等；

生长过程：描述从给种子浇水到使其发芽的生长过程等；

个人感受：对植物生长过程的看法、喜好程度等。

思路引导2·本单元语言知识运用

根据汉语意思及提示翻译句子。

1. 一天，我把一些向日葵种子埋进地里，那里面有肥沃的土壤。（where引导定语从句）

2. 在倒入一些水之后，我开始以极大的耐心等待和观察它。（pour，with great patience）

3. 几天后，一些绿色的嫩芽从土里长出来，非常可爱。（which引导定语从句）

4. 看到土有点干了，我又加了些水。（v.-ing形式作状语）

5. 那天我所看到的一切让我感到惊讶！（介词宾语从句）

思路引导3·连句成篇

范例展示

One day I buried some seeds of sunflowers in the ground， where there was rich soil. After pouring some water into it， I began to observe it with great patience. Several days later， some green plants grew out of the soil， they were so lovely. I moved these young plants into the room to prevent them from being burnt by the hot sun. Seeing that the soil was a little dry， I added some water to it again. After several days， those young plants grew into some tall plants， which were very strong. I was surprised at what I saw that day！ How amazing it is to watch a seed become a tall plant！

話题表达

假定你是李华，你的英语老师要求同学们利用休息时间去观察某种动物，并用英语写一篇观察日记，准备回来在英语课上跟大家交流。内容包括：

1. 介绍观察对象；

2. 观察的过程；

3. 你的感受。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Section Ⅳ Presenting ideas

核心短语与句型回顾

短语

1. answer the _______ 响应号召