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从两道中考题看过去进行时的用法

2023-11-28姜虹

语数外学习·初中版 2023年9期
关键词:真题时间段时态

姜虹

过去进行时,即“过去某个时刻或某时间段正在进行的动作”,主要由“was/were+动词-ing”构成,是中考中的一个常见考点。对此,笔者结合两道中考真题剖析了过去进行时的常见用法,以期对同学们的学习有所帮助。

【真题回顾】

(1)(2022年江苏常州中考卷)

—Why didn't you open the door for me,Jim ?

—I______clothes in the bathroom.I didn't hear the knock.

A.am washing    B.have washed

C.washed    D.was washing

(2)(2022年湖北十堰中考卷)

When the teacher got into the classroom,Xiaoming______a novel.

A.read    B.reads

C.was reading    D.is reading

解析:上述两道题主要考查过去进行时态的用法。(1)句意是:吉姆,你为什么不给我开门?我在浴室洗衣服,我没有听到敲门声。由“I didn't hear the knock”可知,空格处表示的是过去时间点正在发生的动作,所以宜用过去进行时态,故选D 项。(2)句意是:当老师走进教室时,小明正

在看小说。联系语境可知,当过去的某个动作“got into the classroom”发生时,另一动作 “看小说”正在进行中,所以宜用过去进行时态,故本题正确答案为C项。

【用法点拨】

(1)表示过去某一时刻或某时间段正在进行的动作,常与at that/this time,at...oclock last night,all day yesterday,the whole morn- ing/aftemoon/evening等表示时间点或时间段的时间状语连用。例如:

I was taking a walk at this time the day before yesterday.

前天的这个时候,我正在散步。

She was cleaning her room at 3 o'clock yesterday afternoon.

昨天下午3点钟,她正在打扫房间。

They were playing basketball on the play?ground the whole morning.

他们整个上午都在操场打篮球。

(2)表示在过去某一个动作发生时,另一动作正在进行中,常与when引导的时间状语连用。例如:

It was raining hard when we arrived in Suzhou.

我们到達苏州时正下着雨。

We were reading English when the teach?er came in.

当老师进来时,我们正在朗读英语。

The children were watching TV in the liv?ing room when I got home.

当我到家时,孩子们正在客厅看电视。

(3)表示过去两个延续性的动作同时进行,常与while引导的时间状语从句连用。例如:

We were dancing while she was singing.

她在歌唱时,我们在跳舞。

I was drawing while my mother was cooking.

妈妈在做饭时,我在画画。

While Annie was doing her homework in the room ,her brother was playing in the yard.

当安妮正在房间写作业时,她的弟弟正在院子里玩耍。

(4)表示在过去某一时间按计划、安排将要发生的动作,多与go,come,leave,start,stay等动词连用。例如:

He said he was coming tomorrow.

他说他明天会过来。

Jack told us that he was leaving for Nan?jing next month.

杰克告诉我们他下个月要去南京。

She said that she was going to buy a new bike next week.

她说她下个星期要去买一辆新自行车。

【练一练】

根据句意,用括号内所给动词的正确时态填空。

(1)He said he______(live)with his parents at that time.

(2)Linda told me she______(come) to see me tomorrow.

(3)They ______(play)chess in the garden when the phone    (ring).

(4)I didn't think Linda saw me,because she ______(talk) with her friend.

(5)While Dad ______(repair) his bicycle,I______(skip).

【答案】

(1)was living

(2)was coming

(3)were playing;rang

(4)was talking

(5)was repairing;was skipping

总之,在解答与动词时态相关的问题时,同学们要注意细致读题,抓住前后语境提示,挖掘暗含信息,进而确定动词时态,得出正确答案。

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