事件类记叙文读写指南

陈丽芳

文體导读

事件类记叙文是以描写、介绍、叙述某一特定事件为主题的文章。此类文章常围绕故事的开端、发展、高潮和结局展开，并穿插作者对该事件的看法和对事件中主要人物的评价，在表达方式上常采用夹叙夹议的方式。此类语篇中涉及的故事常包括日常学习生活中的小事、名人趣事、童话故事、小说节选等。高考中此类文章考查的事件均为具有正能量的事件。读事件类记叙文的关键是抓故事情节，从而分析故事背后隐含的道理。

策略导航

1.巧用彩色笔细品文章。借助彩色笔对文章中的不同部分做标注，例如：用紫色

笔标注能够吸引读者的开头句，用绿色笔标注段落的主题句，用红色笔标注概括性的事件叙述句，用黄色笔标注细节描写，用蓝色笔标注对事件或人物的评价，等等。写作时根据标注的情况，进行仿写。

2.利用故事山（Story Mountain）的结构模式搭建文本框架，搭建读写支架。故事山结构模式是事件类记叙文常采用的一种写作视角，它强调故事冲突的解决，更加适合解释问题最终得以解决的纯故事语篇，其语篇结构模式可以概括为“介绍（Intro?duction）+发展（Build?up）+冲突（Complication）+解决（Resolution）+结局（Conclusion）”。

在阅读事件类记叙文时，利用故事山结构模式有助于我们梳理事件发展的脉络，把握文章整体结构，分析故事主旨，感悟故事道理。在写事件类记叙文时，我们可以利用故事山结构模式对文章进行布局，同时还要应用正确的时态和人称。

素材导背

show （an） interest in 对……感兴趣

develop （an） interest in 培养对……的兴趣

be active in 对……很积极；积极参加

be crazy about 对……着迷

be curious about 对……感到好奇

cheer up 变得更高兴；振奋起来

give up 放弃

independence 独立i

n the hope of 抱着……的希望

in a certain sense 在某种意义上

be determined to do sth 下定决心做某事

learn from 向……学习

be bound to 一定会……

face challenges 面对挑战

pick out 精心挑选；辨别出

in ones spare time 在某人的业余时间

play an important part in 在……中扮演重要角色

prefer to...rather than 比起……更喜欢……

turn out/prove to be 证明是/结果是

on/upon arrival 一到达

try ones best/spare no effort to do sth 尽某人最大的努力做某事

manage to do sth 设法成功做某事

make progress 取得进步

make sense of 理解

work out the problem 解决问题

concentrate on 集中时间于……

have a good command of 精通……

devote all ones time to sth 把某人所有的时间都投入某事上

be faced with varied pressure 面对各种压力

Adversity makes a man wise. 逆境出人才。

No pains， no gains. 一分耕耘，一分收获。

案例导练

Just be yourself

As a youngster， there was nothing I liked better than Sunday afternoons on my grand?fathers farm. Surrounded by miles of winding stone walls， the house and field provided end?less hours of fun for a city kid like me.

Since my first visit to the farm， I had wanted more than anything to be allowed toclimb the stone walls surrounding the houses. My parents would never approve because thewalls were so old that some stones were loose and falling. Still， my idea to climb acrossthose walls grew so strong that finally I had all my courage to enter the living room， wherethe adults had gathered after Sunday dinner.

“I want to climb the stone walls，”I said.“Oh， no！ Youll hurt yourself！”the responsewas just as Id expected. But before I left the room， I was stopped by my grandfathers loudvoice.“Now hold on just a minute，”I heard him say.“Let the boy climb the stone walls. Hehas to learn to do things for himself.”

“Go，”he said to me，“and come and see me when you get back.”For the next two anda half hours I climbed those old walls， and had the time of my life. Later， I met with mygrandfather to tell him about my adventures. Ill never forget what he said.“Fred，”he said，smiling，“you made this day a special day just by being yourself. Always remember， theresonly one person in this whole world like you， and I like you exactly as you are.”

Many years have passed since then， and today， I host the television program MisterRogersNeighborhood， seen by millions of children throughout America. There have beenchanges over the years， but one thing remains the same： my messages to children at the endof almost every visit.“Theres only one person in this whole world like you，”the kids cancount on hearing me say，“and people can like you exactly as you are.”

Ⅰ. 阅读自测

1. Why did the author enjoy his visits to the farm？

A. He liked his grandfather.

B. There were old stone walls.

C. It was an exciting place for him.

D. He was allowed to climb the stone walls.

2. How did the adults respond to the authors idea？

A. They took pride in him.

B. None of them responded immediately.

C. They were all shocked.

D. All of them didnt back him up.

3. Which of the following can be used to describe the author？

A. Reliable.

B. Adventurous.

C. Devoted.

D. Considerate.

4. What does the text want to tell us？

A. Dont be afraid to be yourself.

B. Remain adventurous.

C. Do whatever you like.

D. An unforgettable experience.

Ⅱ. 語言汲取

（一）事件类记叙文的核心表达

1. 事件的背景

suit ones taste 符合某人的爱好

appeal to 吸引

hold an English Speaking Competition/Contest 举办英语演讲比赛

take part in/participate in a voluntary activity 参加志愿活动

in order to do sth/with the purpose of doing sth 目的是做某事

arrange for sb to do sth 安排某人做某事

enter for a competition 报名参加比赛

get/win first prize 赢得一等奖

go all out to do sth 全力以赴做某事

owing to 由于2. 事件的发展过程

at first 起初

in the beginning 起初

at the end of 到……的尽头

at present 现在；当今

currently 目前；当前

recently/lately 最近

presently 现在；此刻

about two months later 大约两个月后

in recent years 近年来the former...the latter... 前者……后者……

for one thing...for another... 一方面……另一方面……

on the one hand...on the other hand... 一方面……另一方面……

in addition to 另外

therefore 因此

above all 尤其是

worse still 更糟糕的是

obviously 明显地

to tell you the truth 实话实说

similarly 相似地

the next moment 下一刻

all in all 总之

in short 简而言之

in conclusion 总之

3. 事件意义

think/speak highly of 高度评价

expand/widen/broaden ones horizons 开阔某人的视野

benefit sb both physically and mentally 使某人身心受益

enrich ones school life 豐富某人的校园生活

stimulate ones potential 激发某人的潜能

raise ones awareness 增强某人的意识

shape ones personalities 塑造某人的性格

open ones eyes 打开某人的眼界

It not only makes your schoollife colorful， but also improves your learning. 这不仅使你的校园生活丰富多彩，而且还可以促进你的学习。

4. 个人感受

to ones delight 令某人开心的是

to ones surprise 令某人吃惊的是

to ones disappointment 令某人失望的是

be annoyed with sb about sth 因某事对某人生气

be anxious about 为……担心

be astonished at 对……感到惊讶

be disappointed at 对……感到失望

be pleased with 对……感到满足

be sorry for 对……感到抱歉

be proud of 以……为豪

be delighted to do sth 高兴地做某事

be touched to tears 感动得流泪

cannot help doing sth 情不自禁地做某事

care about 担心；关心

complain about 抱怨

long for sb to do sth 渴望某人做某事

look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事

have a strong desire to do sth 对做某事有强烈的渴望

have an optimistic attitude towards 对……持乐观的态度

with a smile on ones face 某人面带笑容

make an impression on sb 给某人留下深刻印象

build up confidence 增强自信

（二）文中好词

better than 比……更好

be surrounded by 被……包围

miles of winding stone walls 蜿蜒数英里的石墙

more than anything 最重要的是

be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事

have all ones courage to do sth 鼓足勇气去做某事

count on 信赖；依赖

hurt oneself 伤害某人自己

（三）精彩表达

1. Surrounded by miles of winding stone walls， the house and field provided endless

hours of fun for a city kid like me.房子和田野被蜿蜒数英里的石墙环绕着，为像我这样的城市孩子提供了无尽的乐趣。

本句中，Surrounded是动词的过去分词形式，此处用作非谓语，表示被动，整个非谓语动词短语放在句首作原因状语。

2. My parents would never approve because the walls were so old that some stones wereloose and falling. 我的父母绝不会同意，因为这些墙太旧了，以至于有些石头松动了。

本句中，so...that...引导一个结果状语从句，意思是“如此……，以至于……”。

3.“Oh， no！ Youll hurt yourself！”the response was just as Id expected.“哦，不！你会受伤的！”他们的回答正如我所预料的那样。

本句中，as引导的是一个比较状语从句，在句中意为“正如”，用来指代前面的主句部分。as Id expected是常见搭配，意为“正如我所预料的”。

Ⅲ. 句式仿写

1. 我们很快就喜欢上了这个被青山碧水环绕的千年古镇。

We soon fell in love with the thousand?year?old town， .2. 这里的景色是如此美丽，以至于我忘记了自己身在何处。

that I forgot where I was.3. 正如我们所期待的，她获得了一等奖。

She， ， got first prize.

Ⅳ. 写作实践

俗话说，“一分耕耘，一分收获”，请以“Efforts and success”为主题，写一篇短文讲述你的故事。要点包括：

1. 遇到的问题；

2. 解决问题的做法与成效；

3. 你的感想。

注意：

1. 词数80左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 至少需要使用两个本文中解析过的句式；

4. 注意段落内的逻辑关系。

评价导思

A self?assessment checklist for my narrative reading

1. 阅读本文前，我认真阅读了事件类记叙文的相关知识。□ Yes □ No

2. 在阅读过程中，我会借助彩色笔对文章中的不同部分做标注。□ Yes □ No

3. 在阅读过程中，我会用故事山结构模式梳理文章。□ Yes □ No

4. 在这篇文章中，我最喜欢的部分是。

□ Background □ Characters □ Deeds □ Evaluation

5. 读完这篇文章后，我会尝试着写一篇事件类记叙文。□ Yes □ No

6. 读完这篇文章后，我会花费分钟来读完一篇大约350词的事件类记叙文。

□ 5 □ 7 □ 9 □ 其他

7. 本次讀写活动后，我领悟到了故事中体现的为人处事的道理。□ Yes □ No

8. 为了更好地阅读事件类记叙文，我需要。

□ 加倍努力□ 持之以恒□ 培养良好的思维品质□ 形成高效的读写策略

9. 在接下来的时间里，我会读一本叫作的故事书。