Technical Efficiency of "Master Switch" in Widening the Human Living Space by Fenlong Tillage

Benhui WEI

Institute of Cash Crops, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China

Abstract This paper reports "the fourth set" of drilling tillage after "ploughing(hoeing)" by manpower, animal power and tractor——Fenlong tillage technology(referred to as "Fenlong technology").It makes the cultivated land and saline alkali land transformed into "sponge" farmland through "drill bit" vertically digging into the soil, one-time deep cultivation, not disturbing soil layer, and granulating the soil, to bring about the effects of "expanding the land, releasing the natural force, water conservation, disaster reduction, carbon reduction, tillage saving, fertilizer saving and grain increasing", and can broaden the space for human survival and development.It has been applied to more than 50 crops in 28 provinces, including Guangxi, Hebei and Tibet.Without increasing the use of fertilizer and water, the yield of varieties in cultivated land increased by 10%-50%, while that in saline and alkaline land increased by 20%-100%.The storage of natural precipitation increased by 100%, and drought, high temperature and low temperature decreased by 20%-30%, and carbon sequestration and emission reduction reached 20%.It is proposed that China can implement the "dual strategy" platform of farmland, saline alkali land, rivers and water bodies constructing the "incremental" "five new warehouses" of grain, water, fish, sugar, etc. and "increased grain return" abroad, to ensure national security.

Key words Fenlong tillage technology, Living space, Five new warehouses, Technical efficiency

1 Introduction

Civilization originates from farming.The evolution of from slash-and-burn farming to three models of "ploughing(hoeing)" with manpower, animal power and tractor has supported the survival and development of human beings to this day.The "fourth set" of drilled Fenlong tillage technique since the creation of the world(referred to as "Fenlong technology")[1-2], has been successfully developed by Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences for 13 years.Through the invention of "drill bit", it can vertically enter into the soil, to deeply cultivate, not disturb soil layer and granulate the soil, so that the cultivated land and saline alkali land can be transformed into "sponge" farmland, bringing about the effects of "land expansion, release of natural force, water conservation, disaster reduction, carbon reduction, tillage saving, fertilizer saving and grain increase".It is expected to lead the new trend of world farming in the future, and become the "master switch" technology for a better future for mankind and the world.The key core technology and achievement of Fenlong tillage have been valued and supported by more than 10 academicians, including Yuan Longping, Li Zhensheng and Shan Lun.Academicians Liu Xu and Zhang Hongcheng identified it as "original", "international leading" and "national promotion".

2 General prospect of "master switch" technology

The Fenlong pan agriculture mechanism of "living soil, expanding land and increasing fishing" composed of "cultivated land+saline alkali land+river water body" has been clarified.The theory of "Fenlong agriculture with large pattern" of "cultivated land+saline alkali land+marginal land+river water body" has been clarified[3].The "master switch" technology will make deep use of "natural resources", which will effectively change the "suicide" agricultural development path of excessive application of fertilizers, pesticides and other "chemicals"(from 1-2 to 3-4 t/667 m2)that China has had to follow in order to pursue the increase of yield due to the shortage of cultivated land resources and water resources and the growing population.

3 Strong functional focus

3.1 Providing great natural power for agricultural migration back to natureThe cultivated layer soil in cultivated land and saline alkali land is one time deeper than the traditional tillage, and the available nutrients of soil activation are 10%-30%[4-9].Cultivated land and saline alkali land increase and store natural precipitation by one time[10].The oxygen content in soil and the content of soil microorganisms(small animals)are doubled[11].The soil temperature increases by 1-2 ℃; photosynthetic efficiency of crops increases by about 30%[12].

3.2 Fenlong generating huge economic forceOver the past 10 years, it has been applied to more than 50 kinds of crops in 28 provinces(autonomous regions and cities)such as Guangxi, Hebei, and Tibet.Without increasing the use of fertilizer and water, the yield of varieties in cultivated land has increased by 10%-50%(rice yield in Hunan paddy field has also increased by 21% in the ninth year), and that in saline alkali land has increased by 20%-100%(cotton yield has still increased by more than 30% in the sixth year in Xinjiang saline alkali land)[7-8].The storage of natural precipitation has increased by 100%[10], and natural disasters such as drought, high temperature and low temperature have been alleviated by 20%-30%, and carbon sequestration and emission reduction has been about 20%.

3.3 Transforming saline alkali land and remediating the contaminated landFenlong makes the soil salinity of 0-20 cm in saline alkali land sink and not move up easily to achieve "light salt".Li Qiang, a farmer in Xinjiang, transformed severe saline alkali land by Fenlong, and the cotton yield increased by 81.7%[8].On October 5, 2022, thePeople’sDailyreported that the yield of cotton in the severe saline alkali land of Aymaiti, the Third Division of Xinjiang Construction Corps was almost doubled after Fenlong transformation.The average content of cadmium in rice has been reduced by more than 60% in the farmland polluted by heavy metals under Fenlong tillage.

3.4 Resistance to drought and high temperatureThe silty ridge cultivation layer is 30-45 cm, and the crop roots are mostly distributed in the 15-45 cm of regional soil.The soil moisture and temperature in this area are relatively constant and have little influence on drought, high temperature and low temperature.

4 Achievements of application of Fenlong technology in cultivated land and saline alkali land of China

4.1 The results of expert acceptance and measurement in more than 80 test sites of cultivated land and saline alkali land of ChinaOver the past 13 years, Fenlong technology has been applied to more than 50 kinds of crops in 28 provinces across the country, with an average yield increase rate of 35.74% at more than 80 test sites.This is the result of acceptance by a third-party expert group composed of Lu Changai and Pang Huancheng of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Song Songquan, Zhang Zhengbin and Zhao Maolin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wang Shujuan of Tsinghua University and relevant provincial experts.Rice yield was measured for 17 times, with an average increase of 17.62%[4,13].Wheat yield was measured for 12 times, with an average increase of 33.40%[5-6,12].Corn yield was measured for 16 times, with an average increase of 24.82%[9,14].Potato yield was measured for 7 times, with an average increase of 44.96%[15].Sugarcane yield was tested for 22 times, with an average increase of 33.44%[16-17].The yield of highland barley was measured for 4 times, with an average increase of 26.53%.Cotton yield was measured for 3 times, with an average increase of 53.73%.For sweet potato, experts from the Chinese Academy of Sciences announced an increase of 104%[18].The yield of cotton in severe saline alkali land of Yuli, Xinjiang increased by 48.08%-81.7% by Fenlong[7-8], the yield of wheat in severe saline alkali land increased by 154.22% by Fenlong in Nonggao District of Dongying.

4.2 Typical achievements in recent yearsAfter once Fenlong in Yanggu’ao paddy field of Hunan, rice yield still increased by 135.3 kg/667 m2in the ninth year, with 21.4% of increase amplitude, and increased by 1 255 kg/667 m2accumulatively in nine years(no leakage of water and fertilizer).The yield of late rice in Beiliu of Guangxi increased by 75.5 kg/667 m2, with 22.3% of increase amplitude.The yield of sugar cane in Long’an of Guangxi reached 8.61 t/667 m2, increasing by 40.23%.Tibet highland barley yield increased by 74.9 kg/667 m2, with 38.67% of increase amplitude.

5 Effect of Fenlong technology on the improved varieties

Fenlong technology can be widely used in agricultural areas under tractor cultivation and can produce more than 10%-50% yield increase.If a new improved variety can be approved based on a 5% increase in yield, and all regions and dozens of crop types across the country adopt Fenlong planting, the "effect" of yield increase in the cycle is equivalent to the breeding and application of more than 100 new varieties.

6 China building a new "dual strategy" platform for national and ethnic security

6.1 "Five new warehouses" platform strategyIf China uses cultivated land, saline alkali land, rivers and water bodies to build "incremental" "five new warehouses" of grain, water, fish, sugar,etc., including 66.7 million ha of cultivated land, 20 million ha of severe and moderate saline alkali land(which can increase the productivity of about 33.3 million ha of cultivated land in China), an annual increase of 17.5 billion kg of grain can feed hundreds of millions of people.An annual increase of 80-100 billion m3of natural precipitation can be stored, and drought and flood disasters can be reduced by 20%.Every year, the fish in rivers and waters will increase by 20%, and the carbon will be reduced by 10%-20%, and the sugar will be increased by 400 000-500 000 t.At this time, the food source security is high, so it can adjust and reduce the amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides according to the principle of "enough food is good", reduce costs, repair the contaminated soil, let agriculture move back to nature, let people’s health, and the security problems of the country and the nation be solved thoroughly.

6.2 Implementing the strategy of "increasing grain return" abroadIt can develop 300, 500 and 700 horsepower intelligent Fenlong agricultural machinery, which can be applied in the Belt and Road Initiative and other countries to significantly increase grain production.In addition to domestic consumption, some of the increased output can be returned to China.

7 China creating a new development pattern by "Fenlong agriculture"

In 2022, Fenlong technology has been applied and recently applied throughout the country, and it has achieved good results.In March, the Guangxi Science and Technology Department orga-nized relevant experts to check in the field and found that the yield of 145 raw sugarcane in Binyang of Guangxi by Fenlong was 8.7 t/667 m2(up to 9.4 t/667 m2), 2.8 t/667 m2more than that in the control group of traditional farming, with an increase rate of 47.46%.Average yield of 145 raw sugarcane in Long’an was 8.61 t/667 m2by Fenlong, with an increase of 40.23%.In the ninth year of Fenlong in Yanggu’ao paddy field of Hunan, rice yield increased by 135.3 kg/667 m2, with the increase amplitude of 21.4%.In ninth years, rice yield increased by 1 255 kg/667 m2.The average yield of the seventh crop of wheat without irrigation was 440 kg/667 m2in Yanshan of Hebei, which was 52.8 kg/667 m2higher than the conventional yield, with the increase amplitude 13.6%.In the sixth year of Fenlong, the average wheat yield was 623 kg/667 m2in Lankao of Henan, which increased by 53 kg/667 m2compared with the traditional wheat yield, with the increase amplitude of 9.3%.At present, Guigang and Yulin are expected to increase rice yield and harvest.Nanning, Chongzuo and other Fanlong 145 sugarcane are expected to increase by as much as 2-3 t/667 m2after being tested by drought and high temperature.

The "living soil" has greatly expanded the domestic cultivated land and water resources, thus completely changing the current "pollution suicide agriculture" and restoring soil, promoting the high revitalization of the countryside, comprehensively producing high-quality food, expanding river fish and other food sources, and enhancing national health.Some of the increased grain from abroad will be transported back, reducing the pressure on domestic grain production, and ensuring the absolute safety of China’s high-quality grain and total grain.China’s disaster prevention and mitigation and carbon reduction have reached a new level, promoting high-quality economic development.Since then, China has embarked on a bright path of development that "agriculture moves back to nature", and the ecological environment is greatly improved, and it is conducive to the future generations of the Chinese nation.