彭士禄：中国核潜艇之父

◎ Juno

Track 5

“当然愿意，只要祖国需要。”这是彭士禄的坚定承诺，从此，他的一生便与中国的核动力事业紧紧地联系在一起。彭士禄是我国著名的核动力专家，中国核动力领域的开拓者和奠基者之一。2021 年5 月26 日，中共中央宣传部决定，追授彭士禄“时代楷模”称号；2022 年3 月3 日，彭士禄被评为“感动中国2021 年度人物”。

Peng Shilu was born in a “red family” in Haifeng County, Guangdong Province in 1925. His father was Peng Pai, a pioneer leader of the peasant movement in China. When Peng Shilu was less than five years old, his mother and father died. The young Peng Shilu lived a life of escape.

“This is Peng Pai’s son.” The poor folks, as long as they heard this sentence, they would risk their lives to protect the1)orphanof a martyr who was2)wantedby the Kuomintang reactionaries. Under the shadow of the white terror, Peng Shilu was taken care of and protected by the poor, and he moved between different families and lived a difficult life. The mutual kindness of fellow villagers has been deeply imprinted in Peng Shilu’s young heart.

During those difficult years, Peng Shilu worked as a beggar, had a high fever and almost died, had severe malaria... The dangers of life appeared again and again, it was the cover and help of the masses that allow Peng Shilu to survive. In 1944, with the help of the party organization, he went to study in the sacred place of revolution in Yan’an.In 1951, 26-year-old Peng Shilu became the first 3)batchof Chinese students to study in the Soviet Union. When he graduated, he was rated as an “Excellent Chemical Mechanical Engineer” with an excellent score.

“Are you willing to change your career?”

“Of course I do, as long as the motherland needs it!”

In 1956, he did not hesitate to change his career to learn nuclear power for the sake of the motherland. In the early 1960s, China’s development of nuclear submarines was almost a “blank”. Peng Shilu and others were learning, exploring and practicing. They quickly grew into China’s first generation of nuclear dynamics experts. In 1974, the first nuclear submarine developed entirely by the Chinese was officially4)deliveredto the navy. China became the fifth country in the world to have a nuclear submarine. After that, the nuclear submarine operated safely without5)accidentfor more than 40 years.

“In the entire nuclear submarine development process, I don’t know how many technical difficulties and how many collaborative projects there are, and these are achieved with the high sense of responsibility of all the engineers participating in the development, working together,regardless of fame and fortune, and strictly following the laws of science.Therefore, it is successful.” As the chief designer of nuclear submarines,Peng Shilu took6)indifferenceto fame and fortune as his work7)creed.

Peng Shilu died on 22 March 2021, at the age of 96.

“Comrade Peng Shilu is an excellent inheritor of the red family tradition, an outstanding practitioner of the spirit of a scientist, a pioneer ox in China’s nuclear power industry, and an outstanding representative of the Communist Party.” On May 26, 2021, the Publicity Department of the CPC Central Committee decided to8)posthumouslyaward Peng Shilu the title of “Model of the Times”.

On March 3, 2022, Peng Shilu was honored as a “Touching China’s Figure of the Year 2021”.

1) orphann.孤儿

2) wantv.通缉

3) batchn.一批

4) deliverv.交付

5) accidentn.事故

6) indifferencen.漠不关心

7) creedn.信条

8) posthumouslyadv.于死后

1925 年，彭士禄出生于广东省海丰县的一个“红色家庭”，他的父亲是我国农民运动先驱、领袖彭湃。彭士禄不到五岁的时候，母亲和父亲相继牺牲。年幼的彭士禄过上了逃亡的生活。

“这是彭湃的儿子。”贫困的乡亲们只要一听到这句话，就会冒着生命危险来保护这个被国民党反动派列为追捕对象的烈士遗孤。在白色恐怖阴影下，彭士禄得到了贫苦百姓的照顾和掩护，辗转于不同的人家，艰难生活。老乡们舍身相助的恩情已经深深烙印在彭士禄幼小的心里。

在那段艰难的岁月里，彭士禄当过乞丐，曾发高烧险些夭折，得过严重的疟疾……一次次的生命危险不断出现，是人民群众的掩护和帮助，让彭士禄活了下来。1944 年，在党组织的帮助下，彭士禄到革命圣地延安读书学习。1951 年，26 岁的彭士禄以优异的成绩成为中国第一批公派留学苏联的留学生，毕业时他以全优成绩被评为“优秀化工机械工程师”。

“你愿意改行吗？”

“当然愿意，只要祖国需要！”

1956 年，为了祖国，彭士禄毫不犹豫地改行学起了核动力。20 世纪60年代初，中国的核潜艇研制几乎是“一片空白”。彭士禄等人在学习探索和研究实践中，迅速成长为中国第一代核动力学专家。1974 年，完全由中国人自己研制的第一艘核潜艇正式交付海军使用，中国也成了世界上第五个拥有核潜艇的国家，之后这艘核潜艇无事故安全运行了40 多年。

“在整个核潜艇的研制过程中，不知有多少技术难关，多少协作项目，都是靠所有参加研制工程人员的高度责任心，同心同德，齐心协力，不计任何名利报酬，严格遵循科学规律才取得成功的。”作为核潜艇的总设计师，彭士禄把不计名利作为自己的工作信条。

2021 年3 月22 日，彭士禄逝世，享年96 岁。

“彭士禄同志是红色家风的优秀传承者，是科学家精神的杰出践行者，是中国核动力事业的‘拓荒牛’，是共产党员的优秀代表。”2021 年5 月26 日，中共中央宣传部决定追授彭士禄“时代楷模”称号。

2022 年3 月3 日，彭士禄被评为“感动中国2021 年度人物”。