2023，期待更高质量的轨道交通

陈小鸿

(同济大学铁道与城市轨道交通研究院院长、磁浮交通工程技术研究中心主任，教授)

2022岁末，中共中央、国务院印发了《扩大内需战略规划纲要(2022—2035年)》。加快基础设施建设、持续推进重点领域补短板，轨道交通继续成为投资热点。

这是交通强国建设的应有之义。尽管我国城市轨道交通、高速铁路的建设总量与建设速度位居世界第一，但相对于辽阔的国土面积、巨大的城市人口总量、更高的城市开发密度，轨道交通仍然是城市群与都市圈健康发展、综合交通系统运行的“短板”。不仅如此，当轨道交通在特大城市与大城市成网、在城市群与都市圈尝试组网联网，轨道交通建设就不再是“只要建就好”；市民的习惯已由“有地铁、高铁可乘”，产生出更高的期望与向往：期望从“有”到“优”，向往更高质量的轨道交通。

更高质量的轨道交通，首先是精准供给，以多元模式、创新技术服务更广区域，让更多人从轨道交通发展中受益。因此不仅需要地铁，还需要多模式轨道交通，例如通过三个“一千公里”实现一张网、广覆盖，支持重点城市群率先建成城际铁路网，推进重点都市圈市域(郊)铁路和城市轨道交通发展。轨道交通不再是只属于“市中心”的标识，它将能连接寻常百姓家。不仅需要大运量的地铁，也需要市域(郊)铁路和多制式的低运量城市轨道交通，使不同区域、不同人群具有更相近的“获得感”。

更高质量的轨道交通，还体现在其设施、服务乃至需求的韧性上，它将成为城市运行支撑系统中最具韧性的脉络。三年疫情，影响城市运行和居民出行的方方面面，而轨道交通的客流量恢复总是先于其它统计指标，“春江水暖鸭先知”。这也充分证明了轨道交通对于城市的极端重要性。无论其线路、车站、设备的设计与维护，还是运行管控、应急防护，乃至突发事件的疏解应对，都需要有系统性、持续性的总体部署，为市民提供一个在任何情况下都值得信赖的可靠系统。

更高质量的轨道交通，还在于通过数字化转型提供更便利的服务。疫情期间的客流健康管理要求，客观上加速了轨道交通运行管理的智慧化转型。各类电子化支付手段的普及特别是乘客的接受与适应，不仅提升了出行效率，更是为“以轨道站为核心”组织城市空间及城市活动提供了极佳的入口。依托轨道网络与信息网络率先实现数字化转型，从轨道建设引领城市空间结构优化、到引导生活生产组织方式改变，从集约化运输方式、到以轨道为核心建立一站式出行平台、组织多种交通工具延伸高品质交通服务，是轨道交通发展新的机遇与责任。

2023，城市会让生活更美好；高品质的轨道交通，会让城市更有活力、更有效率、更具韧性！

Commentary

2023, Envisioning the Higher Quality Rail Transit

CHENXiaohong

(Dean of Institute of Rail Transit of Tongji University, Director of Maglev Transportation Engineering R&D Center, Professor)

At the end of 2022, the Central Committee of the Communist Party and the State Council of the People′s Republic of China issued the Outline of the Strategic Planning for Expanding Domestic Demand (2022—2035). Infrastructure construction is prompted and weak spots in prioritized fields are bolstered. Rail transit investment continues to be under the spotlight.

The attention is inevitably called for by transportation power establishment. Even though China has the world′s largest total construction volume and fastest construction speed of urban rail transit and high-speed railway, rail transit remains the ′weak spot′ for urban clusters, healthy development of metropolises and operation of comprehensive transportation systems, in relation to China′s extensive area, enormous urban population and high urban development density. Moreover, when rail transit attempts for building networks in supercities and large-cities, and interconnecting networks among urban clusters and metropolises, rail transit construction of merely ′built′ is no longer satisfying. Citizens have become accustomed to the ′accessible ride on metros and high-speed trains′ thus further expectation is born: the higher quality rail transit from ′availability′ to ′excellency′.

Higher quality rail transit, first of all, is the precise supply in compliance with demand, benefiting the bigger crowds in more regions by diversified modes and innovative technology services. Consequently, various modes of rail transit other than metro are needed. For example, by making one-network-broad-coverage through three ′1 000-kilometre′, intercity railway network in major urban clusters is constructed as a headstart, pushing forward development of city (suburban) railway and urban rail transit in major metropolises. Rail transit will no longer be a signature of ′downtown′, but also belongs in the life of every local citizen. In addition to metro of large traffic volume, city (suburban) railway and multi-format low-volume urban rail transit are also needed, to manifest a similar sense of ′attainability′ to crowds in different regions.

Higher quality rail transit is also the resilience in facility, service and even requirements. It will be the most resilient meridian flowing through the city operation support system. In the three years of pandemic, all aspects of city operation and citizen traveling are affected, and the passenger volume recovery of rail transit shows earlier signs than other statistic indicators, ′when spring spreads warmth in river for it′s coming, the ducks know first′, which also has proven the unparalleled importance of rail transit to a city. An overall deployment with systematic and consistent approach is necessary for whether it is design and maintenance of lines, stations and equipment, or operation management-control, emergency protection and incident countermeasures, so that citizens have a substantially reliable system to turn to under all circumstances.

Higher quality rail transit is the more convenient service through digital transformation as well. Passenger flow health management requirements during pandemic has promoted the intelligent transformation of rail transit operation management externally. The widespread of various digital payments, especially passengers′ acceptance and adaptivity to it, have improved travel efficiency and invited organization of urban space and activities ′centering rail transit stations′. Relying on the prioritized digital transformation of rail transit network and information network, from rail transit construction leading urban spatial structure optimization to leading life and production organization forms to change, from intensive transport means to integrated travel platform centering railway and organizing high-quality transport service of various transport means, rail transit affords these new opportunities and responsibilities.

Better city, better life to 2023. Let high quality rail transit bring vitality, efficiency and resilience to our cities!

(TranslatedbyZHANGLiman)