浅析含with的七种复合结构
2022-07-23邱晔
邱晔
含with的复合结构是高中生必须要掌握的语法知识之一。含with的复合结构是英语中常用的表达方式,在句中常作状语,如可作原因状语、结果状语、伴随状语等,还可以用来作定语,其用法灵活多变。如能在写作中正确熟练应用,必定能成为书面表达的加分亮点。
第一种with+宾语(名词或代词)+名词
例 1: Janie left the company in despair with her col-1eagues sad soLLLs.
解析:画线部分是with复合结构,在句中作结果状语,其构成形式为:with +colleagues(名词作宾语)+soi]ls(名词)。
例2: The strong man fought against the gangsterwith a steel fork his weapon.
解析:画线部分是with复合结构,在句中作伴随状语,其构成形式为:with+fork(名词作宾语)+weapon(名词)。
第二种with+宾语(名词或代词)+介词短语
例3: He ran verv fast to a veteran with a beautifulbunch of colorful flowers in his hand.
解析:画线部分是with复合结构,在句中作伴随状语,其构成形式为:with+flowers(名词作宾语)+in hishand(介词短语)。
例4: The sad Jenny gradually fell asleep witll llerhead on her mother's arms.
解析:画线部分是with复合结构,在句中作伴随状语,其构成形式为:with+head(名词作宾语)+on hermother's arms(介词短语1。
第三种with+宾语(名词或代词)+形容词
例5: Little Jack and his little brothers were havinga snowball fight in the snow with their little hands veryred.
解析:画线部分是with复合结构,在句中作伴随状语,其构成形式为:with+hands(名词作宾语)+red(形容词)。
例 6:With the weather so co~_in all likelihood it isexpected to snow.
解析:画线部分是with复合结构,在句中作原因状语,其构成形式为:with+weather(名词作宾语)+cold(形容词)。
第四种with+宾语(名词或代词)+副词
例 7: The square looks more brilliant and lively withall kinds of lights on.
解析:画线部分是with复合结构,在句中作伴随状语,其构成形式为:with+lights(名词作宾语)+on(副词)。
例8: The proud generals stood in front of their cap-tives witlI their heads up·
解析:画线部分是with复合结构,在句中作伴随状语,其构成形式为:with+heads(名词作宾语)+up(副词)。
第五种with+宾语(名词或代词)+现在分词
在此结构中宾语是动作的发出者,或者表示某状态或动作正在进行中。
例9:Withprincipal Zhang standing there,theteachers didn't dare to speak loudly. and they could onlyprepare their lessons honestlv.
解析:画线部分是with复合结构,在句中作原因状语,其构成形式为:with+principal Zhang(名词作宾语)+standing(现在分词)。
例10: With he sitting here ,his father can't work atease.
解析:画线部分是with复合结构,在句中作原因状语,其构成形式为:with+he(代词作宾语)+sitting(现在分词)。
第六种with+宾语(名词或代词)+过去分词
此结构中过去分词与宾语为被动关系,构成动宾结构,表动作已经完成。
例11: Tom had to go home by subway with his elec-tric-car stolen.
解析:画线部分是with复合结构,在句中做原因状语,其构成形式为:with+electric-car(名詞)+stolen(过去分词),steal与his electric-car构成动宾关系。
例1 2: With his ideas realized,Jack felt happy.
解析:画线部分是with复合结构,在句中作原因状语,其构成形式为:with+ideas(名词作宾语)+realized(过去分词)。
第七种with+宾语(名词或代词)+动词不定式
此结构中,动词不定式与宾语是动宾关系,表示还没有发生的动作。
例13: Tom couldn't go to Shanghai with his dadwith manv homework to finish.
解析:画线部分是with复合结构,在句中作原因状语,其构成形式为:with+homework(名词作宾语)+tofinish(动词不定式)。
例14: With manLPersons to help him, Lao Wusoon finished his plan.
解析:画线部分是with复合结构,在句中作原因状语,其构成形式为:with+persons(名词作宾语)+tohelp(动词不定式)。
总之,含with的复合结构是一种高级表达方式,同学们如果能熟练运用,一定能为自己的文章增色不少。
(作者单位:江苏省南通市天星湖中学)