中国铁路之父
2022-07-12李全忠
李全忠
詹天佑開创了中国的铁路从无到有的突破,京张铁路就是中国人的第一条铁路,就是詹天佑发明的,铁路实现从无到有的突破也是让中国人扬眉吐气了一回,也说明中国人民从此站起来了。
体裁:记叙文文章词数:325难度:★★★建议用时:6分钟
Zhan Tianyou (1861—1919), a national hero for his role in building China s railroad system, was born in 1861 in southern China s Guangdong Province and died in 1919. As the chief designer of the first railway project built by Chinese engineers, he was widely regarded as the father of China s railroad.
He was intelligent and interested in machinery when he was a child. At the age of 12, Zhan went to US to study. In 1878, he was admitted to Yale University majoring in civil and railway engineering. As one of the earliest Chinese students studying abroad, he was the first Chinese that became a member of the American Engineers Association.
After graduating from Yale University in 1881, he returned to China. When construction of the first railway project—BeijingZhangjiakou Railway began in 1905, Zhan Tianyou was appointed as the chief engineer. He succeeded in building the zigzag upwards railway after overcoming the gradient problem by switching back the line. Moreover, he initially used two locomotives instead of one—one pulling, and another pushing the train over the area. The railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. It added a brilliant page in the history of Chinese railway construction.
After the BeijingZhangjiakou railway was open to traffic, he led a team to extend the railroad to the west of Zhangjiakou. Later, he acted as chief designer in the construction of several other railways in China.
After the 1911 revolution, Zhan Tianyou was appointed chief engineer of the YueHan Railway Corporation and built railways from Guangzhou to Shaoguan and from Wuchang to Changsha. In 1913, he became a high official in the Ministry of Communications in the Republic of China and played an important role in setting up the national railway technical standard. In the same year, the China Engineer Association was founded and Zhan Tianyou was elected chairman. In 1916, he was awarded the doctor s degree of law by Hong Kong University.
Reading Check
Detail 1. When was Zhan widely regarded as the father of China s railroad?
A. In 1878.
B. In 1881.
C. In 1905.
D. 1911.
Gist2. What is mainly stressed in paragraph 3?
A. The railway was completed in time.
B. Zhan s contribution on Chinese railway.
C. The railway was the best successful railway.
D. Zhan s success when building the railway.
Gist3. What can we know according to the last paragraph?
A. Zhan plays an important role in Chinese Railway construction.
B. Zhan founded the China Engineer Association by himself.
C. Zhan became a high official in the government in 1913.
D. Zhan was awarded the doctor s degree of doctor in 1916.
Inference4. What s the author s purpose of writing this text?
A. To explain the first Chinese railway.
B. To show the development of a country.
C. To recommend a new type of railway construction.
D. To introduce a pioneer who built Chinese railway.