微笑会传染

广东 谯 丽

珍妮特的好朋友埃米对要经过性格古怪的道森先生的家门口感到畏惧，想绕道而行。珍妮特会怎么做呢？看见珍妮特，道森先生又会做出什么举动呢？

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In a town lived an old man named Mr Dawson. In his garden, there was a big apple tree which bore many attractive fruits every autumn.People in the town all knew that Dawson was a bad-tempered guy,so even kids knew that they could not go into his yard to pick a delicious apple,even on the ground,because old Dawson,they said,would chase you and might harm you.Everyone in the town tried not to talk with him and kept away from him except Janet who always smiled at Mr Dawson every time she walked by his house.

Janet was a 10-year-old girl. People in this town loved this lovely girl because she always wore a smile on her face and greeted everyone she met in the town. She said her grandma once told her that if she pretended everyone was smiling an invisible smile at her and smiled back at them,sooner or later they would really smile,because smiles were contagious.

One Friday, Janet invited her friend Amy to stay all night with her. They looked forward to this wonderful night. They had lots of interesting plans, including listening to their favorite music and playing games together. Both of them were excited about the night. But Amy didn't know that they had to walk by Dawson's house on the way to Janet's house until they got close to Mr Dawson's house. Seeing Dawson sitting on his front porch, Amy was frightened and suggested they should cross over to the other side of the street.Like most of the children, she was scared of the old man because of the stories she'd heard about him.But Janet said,“Don't be worried.Mr Dawson wouldn't hurt anyone.”Still,Amy was growing more nervous with each step closer to the old man's house. When they got close enough,Dawson looked up with his usual frown.

Language Study

Useful sentence patterns

1. Everyone in the town tried not to talk with him and kept away from him except Janet who always smiled at Mr Dawson every time she walked by his house.

分析：every time 引导时间状语从句，意为“每当；每次”。整个句子意为“镇上的每一个人都尽量不和他交流并且躲着他，除了珍妮特，她每次经过道森先生家门口都会对他微笑”。相似用法的短语还有each time、the first time、any time、next time 等。

2.Amy was growing more nervous with each step closer to the old man's house.

分析：此句含“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构。其中，宾补可以是形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、V-ing、V-ed和不定式。

Reading Check

阅读上面的文章，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。注意：

1.所续写短文的词数应为150 左右；

2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。

Paragraph 1:

But when he saw it was Janet,a broad smile changed his entire face.________________

Paragraph 2:

With the delicious apple in her hand, Amy asked Janet,“Why was he so nice to you?”

同样的，在《乡愁四韵》中，“长江水”到“醉酒”、“海棠红”到“沸血”、“雪花白”到“家信”以及“腊梅香”到“母亲”的对应也是不同于自然语言的跨越感官的错乱。诗人思念故土，却一再深沉呼唤上述事物，同样是诗人对于乡愁所作出的另一种隐喻。这一修辞手法的运用拉大了能指与所指间的距离，在意指活动中获得了艺术的张力。正是这样的隐喻之张力产生了两首诗中的诗意之美。

写作导引

一、语篇研读

__要素Who原文情境Janet,Amy,Mr Dawson构思理由What Amy was afraid of walking by Dawson's house and wanted to cross over to the other side of the street. But Janet comforted Amy that Mr Dawson wouldn't hurt anyone.When Where续写情境Janet,Amy,Mr Dawson When they walked by Dawson's house, Dawson warmly chatted with Janet and gave them delicious apples.When asked why Dawson was so nice to her, Janet said every time she met Mr Dawson, she would smile at him as if he had smiled an invisible smile at her. After some more time,Mr Dawson started smiling real smiles_______________________________________________________________________________________________at_her.One Friday On the way to Janet's house Smiles are contagious.Giving a smile takes so little effort and time, but it can bring cheer to ourselves and others.Why One Friday On the way to Janet's house Amy had heard lots of stories about Mr Dawson's bad temper.Janet was a kind and lovely girl.She was taught to be kind to everyone.

二、情节构思

基于原文和续写段落首句提供的信息，采用围绕中心提问的方法，构思要续写的故事情节，这一过程一般分为四步。

第一步，根据已给出的文本判断文章的立意。

文章给出的部分主要记叙的是小镇上的人都不喜欢脾气古怪的道森先生，除了珍妮特。结合文章内容可知，珍妮特是一个可爱、善良的小姑娘。她的祖母教育她微笑是可以互相影响的，所以她一直笑对每一个人，由此可推断出本文的立意是“微笑的力量”。

第二步，根据续写第二段所给出的段首句倒推续写第一段应包括什么内容。

分析续写第二段的段首句可知，埃米手里拿着苹果，问珍妮特为什么大家都害怕的道森先生对她这么和善。由此可知，续写第一段要写道森先生和珍妮特进行了友好的问候与交谈，并给了这两个小女孩他自己院子里种出来的苹果这样的情节，这样才能确保续写的两段是相衔接的。

第三步，围绕续写第一段所给出的段首句以及上面的分析进行提问构思：

（1）Seeing Janet,what did Mr Dawson say and do?

（2）What would Janet and Mr Dawson talk about?

（3）After getting the apples given by Mr Dawson,how did the two girls feel?

第四步，围绕续写第二段所给出的段首句进行提问构思：

（1）Was Mr Dawson nice to Janet from the very beginning?

（2）Since when has Mr Dawson been kind to Janet and why?