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非完美CSI下大规模MIMO DF中继多用户对全双工通信系统性能研究

2022-06-01张逸凡陈显哲彭张节

关键词:全双工多用户中继

张逸凡 陈显哲 彭张节

摘  要: 通过解码转发(DF)协议中继,研究了在非完美信道状态信息(CSI)下,多用户对双向全双工通信系统的性能.通过配备大量天线,可以大大增加通信系统的频谱效率(SE).对到达中继端的信号采用迫零(ZF)线性接收处理并预编码,推导了SE的近似表达式,提出了与天线数量相关的功率缩放定律,讨论了在导频功率固定和变化条件下缩放因子的取值.所提的功率缩放定律可以在保持稳定的频谱效率的同时,将发射功率降低.研究了在非完美信道状态信息下,经过解码转发协议中继的多用户对双向全双工通信系统的性能.

关键词: 大规模多输入多输出(MIMO); 双向全双工; 解码转发(DF)协议; 中继; 多用户对; 非完美信道状态信息(CSI); 频谱效率(SE)

中图分类号: TN 911.7    文献标志码: A    文章编号: 1000-5137(2022)02-0149-08

ZHANG Yifan, CHEN Xianzhe, PENG Zhangjie

(College of Information, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 201418, China)

In this paper, the performance of multi-user pair two-way full-duplex decode-and-forward systems through decoding and forwarding (DF) protocol relaying with imperfect channel state information(CSI) was studied. By configuring massive antennas, spectral efficiency (SE) could be enhanced greatly. Zero-forcing (ZF) was used to receive and precode the signal reaching the relay, and the closed-form expressions for SE were derived. Meanwhile, a power scaling law related to the number of antennas was proposed, and the value range of scaling factor under the condition of fixed and variable pilot power was discussed. Spectral efficiency was maintained stable and the transmission power was reduced by the proposed scaling law. The simulation results showed that SE was improved significantly with the increase of antenna number, which certified the improvement of SE by massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system.

massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO); full-duplex two-way; decoding and forwarding (DF) protocol; relay; multi-user pair; imperfect channel state information (CSI); spectral efficiency (SE)

0  引言

大規模多输入多输出(MIMO)技术是5G通信的核心技术,通过配备大量的天线充分提高空间增益以及改善通信效率.为了扩大通信面,提高系统容量及通信可靠性,无线中继技术被引入到通信系统中.SHARMA等采用两种线性处理方法研究了多用户对双向全双工放大转发(AF)中继通信系统的频谱效率(SE).NGO等采用解码转发(DF)协议的单向全双工中继通信.KONG等研究了采用最大比传输/合并(MRT/C)的多用户对双向半双工DF中继通信下的最大SE. QIAN等采用了迫零(ZF)处理方式对多用户对双向半双工DF中继系统进行研究.

本文作者将大规模MIMO技术与无线中继技术相结合,考虑多用户对通信的场景,采用双向全双工DF中继,推导谱效率表达式,并基于推导的SE表达式,研究了天线数量、用户功率和SE之间的关系.此外,分析了一种功率缩放定律,使发射功率降低的同时可以保持SE的稳定.最后,仿真结果证明了所推导公式的正确性,验证了大规模MIMO可以提高通信质量.

1  系统模型

大规模MIMO DF中继多用户对全双工通信系统如图1所示.

信道建模与估计

信号处理

用户端

2  谱效率分析

处理下的谱效率分析

仿真结果及分析

3  功率缩放

4  结 论

本文作者对多用户对在大规模MIMO技术下,通过DF协议中继进行双向全双工通信进行了研究,证明大规模MIMO技术可以提升通信系统的SE,并推导了采用ZF方式时,SE闭合表达式,通过仿真分析证明了该表达式的准确性.另外,提出了一种与天线数量相关的功率缩放方法,可以在有效降低发射功率的同时,保持SE稳定.

参考文献:

[1]  LARSSON E G, EDFORS O, TUFVESSON F, et al. Massive MIMO for next generation wireless systems [J]. IEEE Communications Magazine,2014,52(2):186-195.

[2]  PENG Z J, XU W, WANG L C, et al. Achievable rate analysis and feedback design for multiuser MIMO relay with imperfect CSI [J]. IEEE Transactions Wireless Communications,2014,13(2): 780-793.

[3]  SHARMA E, BUDHIRAJA R, VASUDEVAN K, et al. Full⁃duplex massive MIMO multi⁃pair two⁃way AF relaying: energy effificiency optimization [J]. IEEE Transactions Communications,2018,66(8):3322-3340.

[4]  NGO H Q, SURAWEERA H A, MATTHAIOU M, et al. Multipair full-duplex relaying with massive arrays and linear processing [J]. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,2014,32(9):1721-1737.

[5]  KONG C L, ZHONG C J, MATTHAIOU M, et al. Multipair two⁃way half⁃duplex DF relaying with massive arrays and imperfect CSI [J]. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications,2018,17(5):3269-3283.

[6] QIAN J, MASOUROS C, MATTHAIOU M. Multi⁃pair two⁃way massive MIMO relaying with zero forcing: energy efficiency and power scaling laws [J]. IEEE Transactions on Communications,2020,68(3):1417-1431.

[7]  XU W, LIU J, JIN S, et al. Spectral and energy efficiency of multi⁃pair massive MIMO relay network with hybrid processing [J]. IEEE Transactions on Communication,2017,65(9):3794-3809.

[8]  ZHANG Q, JIN S, WONG K, et al. Power scaling of uplink massive MIMO systems with arbitrary⁃rank channel means [J]. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing,2014,8(5):966-981.

[9]  TULINO A, VERD S. Random Matrix Theory and Wireless Communications [M]. Hanover: Now Publishers Inc.,2004.

[10] TAGUE J A, CALDWELL C I. Expectations of useful complex wishart forms [J]. Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing,1994,5(3):263-279.

[11] NGO H Q, LARSSON E G, MARZETTA T L. Energy and spectral efficiency of very large multiuser MIMO systems [J]. IEEE Transaction on Communication,2013,61(4):1436-1449.

(責任编辑:包震宇,冯珍珍)

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