每个成人的心中都藏着一个彼得·潘

河南 陈志强

Step 1 感知·阅读导航

话题导入

《彼得·潘》是苏格兰小说家及剧作家詹姆斯·马修·巴利创作的长篇小说。小说讲述了一个会飞的淘气小男孩彼得·潘在永无岛的冒险故事， 同他相伴的还有温迪·达令和其他人。 温迪在永无岛上经历各种冒险的同时， 渐渐明白了成长的意义，而彼得·潘在和温迪一起经历了种种冒险之后， 也有所成长。

《彼得·潘》 这部作品事实上是成人怀念美好童年的一个神话。 一方面，它用生动、明快的笔法描述了一个至真至纯的儿童世界；另一方面，作者又满怀遗憾和无奈地暗示——童年虽美好，却无法挽留，人终究要长大并步入成人的世界。从童年到成年的转变，人类不仅失去了童年和童真，他们的个性受到压抑，人性也被扭曲了。 而彼得·潘的存在说明人类有着永存不灭的童年和童心，这份童心让人们心旷神怡、遐思无限，忘却成人世界的喧嚣浮华，从而得到精神上的慰藉。

本文为一篇书评，全文480 词，建议用时7 分钟。

阅读目标

1. 感知小说的故事情节、创作背景、主题意义，以及艺术风格。

2. 掌握书评的文体特征、语篇结构及语言特色，能够通过对语篇的研读，撰写书评，对自己熟悉的作品进行介绍、鉴赏和评价。

3. 探究成长的意义，思考责任、目标、纯真对于个人成长的意义，直面成长中遇到的困难与挑战，促进身体与心理的协调与健康成长。

阅读预热

Ⅰ. Viewing activity

Watch a short video and then answer the following questions. If necessary, discuss them with your partners.

1. What is the name of the film? What type of film is it?

2. Who is the leading character in the film? Who are the leading character's friends and who is the leading character's enemy? What is the film mainly about?

3. When you meet with an unpleasant situation, would you like to face it bravely or escape from reality frightenedly? Would you like to turn to a fantasy novel featuring amazing people and things for a temporary relief? Why?

Ⅱ. True （T） or false （F）

（）1. A book review is a form of literary criticism which is an analysis of a reader's clear understanding of a book.

（）2. A successful book review usually includes the plot, background information of the author, the topic, writing techniques of the book as well as an evaluation of the content.

（）3. A book review often concludes the review with the evaluation of the book.

（）4. A book review should be opinion-based, in relevance to the book.

（）5. Using a certain quotation from the author's novel will make your article more readable.

1How would you like to escape the realities of everyday life to a fantasy world with fairies and pirates （海盗）? How would you feel with so many growing pains surrounding or even swallowing you every day? Well, you can be immersed （沉浸） in James Matthew Barrie's book Peter Pan， an adventure novel of some children. It will surely satisfy your curiosity and leave much room for you to rethink these obsessions （困扰）.

2Peter Pan is playwright and novelist James Matthew Barrie's most famous work,published both as a play in 1904 and in 1911 as a novel. It tells the story of the magical Peter Pan, who flies into the Darling family's nursery in London one night and persuades the children, Wendy,Michael and John to fly to Neverland with him, where they get caught up in a number of wild adventures. Enriched with their new skill, they are led to the home of the Lost Boys in Neverland. But Captain Hook, the evil leader of the pirates,is determined to wipe out the Lost Boys, and especially the cocky Pan. Therefore, the conflict is on. The adventure thus captures the imagination of children and adults, setting the scene for a classic tale.

3Barrie was inspired to write the story of Peter by the Davies children, whom Barrie adopted after the death of their parents, Sylvia and Arthur.Their names were used for the names of some of the characters in the story, and the adoption of the Lost Boys by the Darling family is said to have been based on Barrie's experiences of adopting the Davies children. Barrie created Peter Pan as a story to amuse two of the boys, George and Jack.

4“All children, except one, grow up.” This is the opening line of both the book and the play. The main theme of the story is the conflict between wanting to remain a child,but knowing that one has to become an adult. Peter Pan is the living and breathing manifestation （体现） of the desire to remain a child forever, without responsibility or cares.He makes decisions based on his desire to remain a child forever, even giving up Wendy and the friendship of the Lost Boys, so that he can stay young and continue to go on wild adventures. Peter represents the desire never to get older and never to mature as a person, but to remain immersed （沉浸） in one's imagination and sense of play.

5Though some of the values and language are now a bit out of date, Peter Pan by James Matthew Barrie is a must-have book for anyone wanting to escape into the fantasy world of Neverland with the “boy who would never grow up”. Anyone who has an endless childhood and childlike innocence cannot miss the novel. So next time you walk into a book store, just buy one copy and take it home to enjoy.

Step 2 理解·文本解读

Ⅰ. Reading to summarize the gist

What is the genre of this article? What does it mainly talk about?

____________________________________________

Ⅱ. Reading to analyze the structure

Fill in each blank with only one word to best present the structure of the article.

Ⅲ. Reading to understand the novel

Answer the following questions according to the article.

1. What type of novel does Peter Pan belong to? Who is the author of the novel? What inspired the author to create the novel?

____________________________________________

2. Who are the characters in the novel? What's the possible relationship between them?

____________________________________________

3. What unique skill makes Peter Pan different from other children? How does he take advantage of his magic?

____________________________________________

4. What danger are the children faced with in Neverland?

____________________________________________

5. What mistakes does Peter Pan make in Neverland? What do you think of his mistakes?

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Ⅳ. Reading to get opinions from the author

Complete the following table with only one word for each blank.

CategoryPossible opinionsEvidence Function Theme The novel can be a book which 1.________you from the reality of daily life as well as a 2.________from growing pains. Also, it can be a book to make you 3.________upon some of your obsessions.How would you like to escape the realities...and pirates? How would you feel...you every day? Well, you can be immersed...these obsessions.The story interprets the theme of the 4.________between growing up and wanting to remain a child.Peter Pan is the living and breathing manifestation...sense of play.Writing styleSome of the 5.________and language are now a bit out of date.Evaluation Peter Pan is a must-have book for anyone with an endless childhood and childlike 6.________.So next time you...to enjoy.

Ⅴ. Reading to develop your own ideas

Like Peter Pan, do you also have an endless childhood and childlike innocence of remaining a child while growing up? Watch another short video and then discuss with your partners about the true meaning of growing up and what lesson you have learned from Peter Pan.

____________________________________________

Step 3 运用·读写整合

Situational writing

Recently, Crazy English is organizing a writing competition whose theme is “Read everlasting classics and grow together”. You really want to contribute to the magazine.Please write a book review to the magazine.

Writing essentials:

1. the name of the book;

2. basic elements of the book;

3. your evaluation of the book.

Writing requirements:

1. your article should be about 120 words;

2. your article can include some details if necessary.

Read everlasting classics and grow together

Step 4 提升·素养建构

一、语言学习

1. 重要词块

escape the realities of everyday life 逃避日常生活的现实

a fantasy world with fairies and pirates 一个有仙女和海盗的奇幻世界

be immersed in 沉浸在……中

satisfy one's curiosity 满足某人的好奇心

leave much room for sb to do 给某人留下很多的空间做……

get caught up in 深陷于……；被……所困

a number of wild adventures 很多野外/狂热冒险

be enriched with 富含……

be determined to do 下定决心做

wipe out 消灭

capture the imagination of children and adults 捕捉了儿童和成人的想象力

set the scene for a classic tale 为一个经典的故事设定背景

inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事

be based on 以……为依据

grow up 长大

make decisions 做决定

give up 放弃

stay young 保持年轻

out of date 过时；落伍

escape into the fantasy world of Neverland 逃避到永无岛的奇幻世界里

an endless childhood and childlike innocence 永存不灭的童年和童心

2. 难句分析

He makes decisions based on his desire to remain a child forever, even giving up Wendy and the friendship of the Lost Boys, so that he can stay young and continue to go on wild adventures. 他做出的决定基于他想要永远做一个孩子的愿望，他甚至放弃了温迪和迷失男孩们的友谊，这样他就可以不长大，继续进行野外冒险。

【点石成金】本句是一个主从复合句，主句为He makes decisions based on his desire to remain a child forever， 句中的based on 为过去分词短语作方式状语，to remain a child forever 为动词不定式作名词desire 的后置定语。 even giving up Wendy and the friendship of the Lost Boys 为现在分词作伴随状语。so that 引导的是目的状语从句，相当于in order that。

二、综合视野

成长：愿你历尽千帆，归来仍是少年

“成长”是每个人都要直面的生活命题，在文学作品及流行文化中，“成长”永远是一个亘古不变而又历久弥新的话题。

1. 《童年·在人间·我的大学》（马克西姆·高尔基）

这本小说集包含了《童年》《在人间》《我的大学》三部。 小说通过一个渐渐长大的孩子的眼光来观察和了解他周围的世界，让我们看到了一个倔强、富有同情心和有追求的青少年形象。 书中描绘了青少年在成长期所遇到的种种问题、 所经受的各种心理考验，这些对于读者来说无比亲切感人。

2. 《我那些成长的烦恼》（梁晓声）

本书是一部自传体成长小说，讲述的是作者从儿童到少年这段时期成长的烦恼，带领读者一起体会成长是一个不断自我纠错的过程，也是一个逐渐明白责任的过程，而这一过程，离不开亲情、友情等种种爱的支撑。亲情和友情穿越时空，照亮我们的成长之路。