手性液晶在DMD光刻系统下的衍射性能研究
2021-11-07孙皖豫
孙皖豫
摘要:将光敏手性剂添加到向列型液晶中制成光学器件,把器件放在DMD光刻系统中,添加365nm的UV光诱导液晶手性发生变化,再用红光透过样品从而观察衍射效应。光刻系统分别投影纯白,黑白条纹两种不同的图片作为掩模版,观察出射偏振态的变化和衍射效率。纯白下的出射光偏振态会随着光强的增大而顺时针偏转,但是光强不变。黑白条纹下的衍射角度随着UV光强的增大同样顺时针偏转,而衍射效率和响应速度也随着UV光强的增大而增大。无论是均匀还是周期的UV光照射,都能调制输出光(前者是调制0级,后者是衍射1级)的偏振态。
关键词:DMD;手性剂;衍射;液晶光栅;光敏材料
中图分类号:TN141.9 文献标识码:A
文章编号:1009-3044(2021)25-0024-04
Abstract:Add the photosensitive chiral agent to the nematic liquid crystal to make an optical device, place the device in the DMD lithography system, add 365nm UV light to induce a change in the chirality of the liquid crystal, and then use red light to pass through the sample to observe the diffraction effect . The lithography system respectively projected two different pictures of pure white and black and white stripes as masks to observe the changes in the output polarization state and the diffraction efficiency. The polarization state of the outgoing light under pure white will be deflected clockwise as the light intensity increases, but the light intensity does not change. The diffraction angle under the black and white fringes is also deflected clockwise with the increase of UV light intensity, and the diffraction efficiency and response speed also increase with the increase of UV light intensity. Regardless of whether it is uniform or periodic UV light irradiation, it can modulate the polarization state of the output light (the former is modulated 0 order, the latter is diffraction 1 order) to realize optically adjustable polarization optical devices, which can be used for optical communication and information processing.
Key words:dmd; chiral agent; diffraction; liquid crystal grating; photosensitive material
1 引言
液晶光柵是一种重要的光学器件。液晶光栅通过改变液晶的折射率等光学特性,使其器件内部在空间上的物理性质产生周期性变化,继而引起的普通光和非常光的相位差和偏转特性改变,从而实现衍射效果的器件[1]。液晶光栅制备原理简单,成型方式快捷,理论的偏转效率可达到100%,在光束控制、空间光通信、激光雷达等领域有着重要的应用前景,被誉为第四代光学元件,具有重要的研究意义和应用价值[2]。
在手性向列(胆甾型)液晶中,存在螺旋结构,螺旋结构是决定液晶系统中图案形态多样性的关键因素。在众多材料中,光响应手性掺杂剂的螺旋扭曲力以及由此引起的螺旋结构可以根据材料性能,表面条件和外加场参数进行调整。例如,观察到在垂直液晶盒中由光学诱导的螺旋反转引起的胆甾型液晶的结构变化[3],包括从“躺着的左手螺旋”到“未缠绕的垂直状态”到“躺在右手螺旋上”。此后,提出了一种光场中胆甾型液晶的光学旋转相位光栅。由于非光致变色和光敏手性掺杂剂,胆甾型液晶的螺旋旋性可以可逆地进行光转换。结果表明,紫外线照射使衍射光栅顺时针旋转,而可见光照射则引起逆时针旋转[4]。
本文利用左手性的光敏手性掺杂剂研究紫外照射下衍射光栅的出射偏振态和衍射强度,实现光学可调的偏振光学器件,可用于光通信和信息处理。
2 实验材料与配置
2.1 实验材料
手性液晶材料由M5(9-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]naphthalen-1-ylidene)-9H-fluorene),和向列型液晶E7(北京八亿时空液晶股份有限公司),M5是高效液相色谱(HPLC)手性拆分后的外消旋饱和烯烃的左旋异构体[5]。手性液晶的相变温度取决于主体E7的向列范围以及掺杂剂M5的重量浓度(CM5)。以下用作主要成分的CM5=0.1%时,手性向列相存在于室温。