重庆市农地适度经营规模测度及其实现路径研究

谢文雄 赵伟

摘要 農地适度规模经营是现阶段农业政策的主要导向，也是实现农业高质量发展的应有之义。以重庆市为研究区，从土地产出效益最大化视角来拟合C-D生产函数，测度重庆市（渝东北、渝东南和渝西）的农地适度经营规模，比较渝东北、渝东南和渝西地区农地适度经营规模的地区差异，并基于重庆市农地规模经营现状，探索其农地适度规模经营实现的适宜路径，为重庆市制定差别化的农地利用政策提供理论参考。由于资源禀赋、经营主体特征、经营模式、农地流转等因素的差异影响，渝东北、渝东南和渝西的劳均适宜经营规模分别为1.82、1.06和1.15  hm2，与劳均现状经营规模（0.154、0.159和0.147  hm2）相比存在较大差距，渝东北、渝东南和渝西的户均适宜经营规模分别为5.46、3.17、3.45  hm2，农地适度经营规模区域差异较大。根据重庆农地规模经营现状特点，提出应加快新型经营主体的培育及经营规模的确定;完善农业社会化服务体系及农用基础设施建设;完善相关政策法律，促进农地流转与农地规模化经营;加快探索与总结农业适度规模经营模式4个方面的路径探索。

关键词 适度经营规模;路径;C-D生产函数;重庆市

中图分类号 S-9   文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2021）19-0206-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.19.054

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Research on the Moderate Scale of Farmland Management in Chongqing and Its Realization Path

XIE Wen-xiong1， ZHAO Wei2

（1.Chongqing Bureau of Statistics， Chongqing 400067;2.Research Center for Economy of Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River， Chongqing Business University， Chongqing 400067）

Abstract Appropriate scale management of agricultural land is the main direction of agricultural policy at this stage， and it is also necessary to realize high-quality development of agriculture. Taking Chongqing as the research area， this paper fits the C-D production function from the perspective of maximizing land output benefit， measures the appropriate scale of agricultural land management in Chongqing （northeast Chongqing， southeast Chongqing and west Chongqing）， compares the regional differences in the appropriate scale of agricultural land management in northeast Chongqing， southeast Chongqing and west Chongqing， and explores the appropriate path to realize the appropriate scale of agricultural land management based on the current situation of agricultural land management in Chongqing， providing theoretical reference for Chongqing to formulate differentiated policies on agricultural land utilization. Due to the differences in resource endowment， main characteristics of management， management mode， farmland circulation and other factors， the suitable operating scale of labor in northeast Chongqing， southeast Chongqing and west Chongqing is 1.82， 1.06 and 1.15 ha respectively， which is quite different from the current operating scale of labor （0.154， 0.159 and 0.147 ha）. The suitable operating scale of households in northeast Chongqing， southeast Chongqing and west Chongqing are 5.46， 3.17 and 3.45 ha respectively， with large regional differences in the appropriate operating scale of farmland. According to the current situation and characteristics of Chongqings agricultural land scale management， it is proposed to speed up the cultivation of new management subjects and the determination of the management scale， perfect the agricultural socialization service system and the construction of agricultural infrastructure， perfect relevant policies and laws， promote the circulation of agricultural land and the scale management of agricultural land， and speed up the exploration and summary of the appropriate scale management mode of agriculture.