Research on the Construction of Agricultural Meteorological Disaster Prevention Service System in Henan Province Under the Rural Revitalization Strategy

Jingjing ZHANG Yijun SHOU

Abstract The rural revitalization strategy regards the construction of a modern meteorological service system as an important part of the implementation of a new round of high-standard farmland construction planning. Preventing agricultural meteorological disasters is a prerequisite to ensure that the total agricultural output of Henan Province remains stable and the transformation of Henan Province from a major agricultural province to a strong agricultural province. Therefore， it is necessary to study and construct the agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service system in Henan Province. Through research and documentation， based on the perspective of rural revitalization strategy， the status and problems of the construction of the agricultural meteorological prevention defense service system in Henan Province were studied， and countermeasures and suggestions for optimizing the agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service system in Henan Province were put forward， hoping to provide decision-making reference for agricultural development in Henan Province.

Key words Rural revitalization strategy; Henan Province; Agrometeorological disasters; Defense service system

Due to the impact of global climate change， meteorological disasters in the future may appear frequent and repeated， which will lead to increased instability of food supply and food security risks. Facing the new characteristics and new challenges of agrometeorological disasters caused by climate change， it is particularly important to improve the defense service system for agrometeorological disasters. Henan Province is a major agricultural province and a major food province. However， drought， waterlogging， wind， hail， earthquake， thunder， snow and other meteorological disasters occur from time to time in Henan Province， which bring varying degrees of harm to agricultural production[1]. The risk of agricultural meteorological disaster has become the main risk affecting agricultural production activities. The improvement of agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service system under the rural revitalization strategy is a powerful measure to ensure the safety and stability of Henan Province's society， economy， population， and food production.

Under the Rural Revitalization Strategy， the Construction of Agricultural Meteorological Disaster Prevention Service System in Henan Province Has Begun to Take Shape

The Strategic Plan for Rural Revitalization （2018-2022） clearly pointed out that it is necessary to improve the service capabilities of meteorology for agriculture and give full play to the role of agricultural meteorological defense services in rural revitalization. The Henan provincial government and relevant departments actively responded to the call of the central government to comprehensively promote the reform and development of agrometeorological disaster services in Henan Province， and formulated and issued a series of documents such as the Professional Meteorological Service Reform and Development Implementation Plan （2020-2022）. In addition， based on the actual conditions of Henan Province's agricultural meteorology， a modern agrometeorological disaster prevention service system in Henan Province with "leading technology， outstanding brand， efficient and dynamic mechanism， linkage between top and bottom， and win-win cooperation" has been basically established and realized in order to stabilize agricultural production and ensure national food security. Through the research on the status of the agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service system in Henan Province， it is mainly reflected in four levels：

Put policy first

In order to implement the Several Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Accelerating the Advancement of Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation and Continuously Enhancing the Supply and Guarantee Capability of Agricultural Products and the Guiding Opinions of the State Council on Supporting Henan Province to Accelerate the Construction of the Central Plains Economic Zone， Henan Provincial People's Government （2012） issued Guiding Opinions on the Construction of High-standard Grain Fields， The 13th Five-Year Plan for Meteorological Development in Henan Province， Notice on Giving Full Play to the Benefits and Avoiding Harm of Meteorology to Ensure a Good Harvest in Agriculture， Opinions on Further Promoting the Structural Reform of the Agricultural Supply Side and Establishing the Development of Advantage Agriculture and other related documents. By strengthening the construction of disaster monitoring and early warning system， Henan Province emphasized drought and waterlogging prevention and pest control， and effectively strengthened the construction of service system， built a remote visualization system of agricultural conditions， improved the drought service system， improved the agricultural meteorological service system and the rural meteorological disaster prevention system， and strengthened the construction of an automated monitoring network for agricultural meteorological disasters and an artificial rain enhancement and hail prevention operation network， and the construction of an agricultural and meteorological disaster prediction， early warning and evaluation system. These have provided policy guarantees for enhancing the province's ability to prevent natural disasters in food production[2-3].

Adhere to technology as a guarantee

Henan Province Modern Agricultural Meteorological Science and Technology Demonstration Park， automatic soil moisture observation station， regional automatic weather station， meteorological information service station， meteorological warning loudspeaker， three-level meteorological observation， forecasting， and early warning business systems of provinces， cities and counties have been gradually established and perfected. The "Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorological Guarantee and Application Technology" jointly established by Henan Province and ministerial-level units belonging to the country provides annual funding and support for the research and development of agricultural meteorology and disaster prevention technologies. In recent years， more than ten scientific and technological achievements have been promoted. The Department of Agriculture and the Provincial Meteorological Bureau jointly issued the Notice on Giving Full Play to the Benefits and Avoiding Harmfulness of Weather to Ensure a Good Harvest in Agriculture， pointing out that the province should further strengthen the defense against agricultural meteorological disasters. And it is necessary to give full play to the dual role of meteorological advantages and avoid disadvantages to ensure a bumper harvest in the province. The document emphasizes speeding up scientific and technological innovation， strengthening the research and judgment of the annual situation of agrometeorology and major agrometeorological disasters， paying particular attention to the occurrence of meteorological disasters that have a greater impact on yield， and strengthening precision monitoring of seedling conditions， moisture conditions， pests and weeds， and meteorological conditions[4]. In the construction of agrometeorological disaster prevention service system， we should stick to the scientific and technological innovation of agrometeorological disaster， establishing an agrometeorological science and technology support system that adapts and meets the agrometeorological disaster prevention service system， and cooperating with multiple departments to establish a team of scientific and technological experts and alliances to conduct research on key technologies.

Adhere to characteristic guidance

The Henan provincial government and related departments have gradually promoted the creation of characteristic agrometeorological services， and formulated the Management Measures for the Construction and Operation of Henan Characteristic Agrometeorological Service Center （Trial）.They also actively improve the monitoring and forecasting of agrometeorological disasters， and serve the construction of advantageous areas for characteristic agricultural products[5]. Henan Province has established the Provincial Agricultural Meteorological Service Center， relying on the municipal meteorological and agricultural related institutions， and gradually established the "Where to build the special excellent area， the characteristic agricultural meteorological service and "Where to go"， a special agricultural meteorological service network by variety and by region will improve the accuracy of agricultural meteorological services， and realized the intensification， standardization and branding of characteristic agricultural meteorological services[6].

Adhere to the service tenet

In the process of building the agrometeorological disaster prevention service system in Henan Province， we must not only adhere to the purpose of serving agriculture and establish a sound multi-sectoral cooperation long-term development mechanism， but also jointly promote the agrometeorological disaster prevention service system and improve agrometeorological disaster defense services system idea， service content， service method， service process， service channel， etc. Meanwhile， it is necessary to strengthen the technical services of meteorological big data construction， Internet of Things applications， mobile Internet and other aspects of the agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service system， and strengthen the construction of professional personnel and service teams for agricultural meteorological services. Based on the high-standard farmland agro-meteorological information system， we should establish an efficient， fast and accurate service information dissemination and sharing system to realize the exchange and integration of information.

Construction of Henan Province Agricultural Meteorological Disaster Prevention Service System Under the Rural Revitalization Strategy

Although the agrometeorological disaster prevention system in Henan Province has been initially formed and the construction has been effective， there are still some problems. For example， the implementation of the agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service system in Henan Province lacks characteristics， the hardware support of the defense service system lacks technological innovation， and the defense service quality standards are not detailed enough.

The agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service system is imprecise

For many years， the provincial party committee and the provincial government have attached great importance to the construction of agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service system in Henan Province， which has also achieved certain results. However， the rural agriculture in some areas of the province， especially in the remote， poor or backward areas， pays less attention to the meteorological disaster prevention services. Agriculture in remote， economically poor or backward areas is still a weak area for meteorological disaster prevention. Farmers' production and life are strongly dependent on agriculture， which makes them become the most vulnerable group to agricultural meteorological disasters. In addition， local agricultural production and farmers' income increase are vulnerable to the impact and threat of agricultural meteorological disasters. Therefore， it is urgent to take precise measures to improve the ability of disaster prevention and mitigation in poor or backward areas.

Agricultural meteorological disaster prevention services lack of characteristics

Rural revitalization strategy puts forward new agricultural development requirements for the construction of agricultural meteorological disaster prevention system in Henan Province. Although Henan Province is located in the fringe area of the warm temperate zone and the subtropical zone， which provides excellent conditions for the development of agriculture[7]， it is easy to overlook some important issues in the operation of the agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service system. The combination of regional agro-meteorological characteristics and regional agricultural development characteristics or advantageous agriculture has resulted in the mechanical application of national or other provinces and cities' meteorological service content， resulting in the lack of specialization and feasibility of meteorological disaster prevention services.

The science and technology of agrometeorological disaster prevention service lacks innovation

The focus of the construction of the meteorological service system for agriculture in Henan Province is to improve the monitoring and early warning facilities of rural meteorological disasters， optimize the agricultural meteorological monitoring system， develop agricultural meteorological technology demonstration parks， build a wide coverage of rural meteorological information release and dissemination network， improve the efficiency of artificial weather operation and enhance the ability of meteorological emergency service， and so on[8]. The implementation of these key tasks requires modern agricultural meteorological disaster prevention services and intelligent facilities and equipment as basic support. There is a lack of intelligent service platform innovation based on meeting the needs of agricultural meteorological departments and agricultural， rural and rural multi-agent， so as to ensure the timeliness and effectiveness of meteorological disaster prevention and orderly service management.

Lack of standardization of agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service standard

Service standardization is an important feature that distinguishes modern services from traditional services. Although agricultural meteorological defense service products have changed from qualitative to quantitative， subjective to objective， random to standard， professional to popular[9]， the service content， service method， service content， service process and service channel in the service system of agricultural meteorological disaster prevention are lack of corresponding service standardization. Especially in the whole agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service process level， the orderly service steps and the lack of service process standards may affect the effective play of agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service system.

Lack of effectiveness in management of agrometeorological disaster prevention services

At present， in the management mechanism of agrometeorological disaster service system， the transformation from department driven to "government led， department linkage， social participation" has been changed. However， some areas often encounter some problems in the process of agricultural meteorological disaster prevention， such as farmers cannot timely receive meteorological disaster warning information， or some areas do not pay attention to the prevention and management of meteorological disasters and the construction of local meteorological personnel professional team. All of these will affect the operational efficiency of agrometeorological disaster prevention service system， which contrasts with the management loopholes in the agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service system.

Jingjing ZHANG et al. Research on the Construction of Agricultural Meteorological Disaster Prevention Service System in Henan Province Under the Rural Revitalization Strategy

Suggestions on the Improvement of Agricultural Meteorological Disaster Prevention Service System in Henan Province Under the Rural Revitalization Strategy

Strengthen the leadership of the government and related departments on meteorological defense services

Under the basic requirements of the rural revitalization strategy and the construction of the modern meteorological service system with Chinese characteristics， and under the leadership of the government and relevant departments， we should establish a service system that can meet the needs and cover the agricultural meteorological disaster prevention in Henan Province with the principle of "one place is the main one， many places participate， and the linkage of the prefecture and bureau". Meteorological departments at all levels are fully aware of the importance of establishing and improving the agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service system， strengthen the ability of rural agricultural meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation， and adhere to the principle of prevention first and combining with prevention， resistance and rescue. Especially for the rural agricultural meteorological disaster prevention in some poor and backward areas in Henan Province， we should increase the inclination of policies and funds， broaden the financing channels， and increase the stable investment of government public finance in meteorological disaster prevention， so as to help agricultural harvest stability and ensure farmers' income. These measures will help to improve the rural， agricultural and farmers' situation in backward areas， and continuously enhance the effectiveness of agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service construction in Henan Province.

Increase support for technological innovation of intelligent agricultural meteorology

The construction and improvement of agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service system in Henan Province is a long-term battle. The government should constantly strengthen the scientific and technological innovation of agricultural meteorology， and enhance the ability to serve agricultural production. Meanwhile， the government should establish a modern agricultural meteorological disaster intelligent defense technology support system suitable for agricultural production needs， and provide scientific and technological basis and guidance for agricultural production in Henan Province. We should strengthen the technology development and cooperation between meteorological departments， agriculture-related departments and leading rural enterprises， universities and related technical departments， accelerating the integration of "production， learning and scientific research." We should strengthen exchanges and cooperation in agrometeorological science and technology， and strengthen scientific and technological innovation support. In particular， it will carry out research on key technologies for the different crops to face different agrometeorological disasters， and gradually improve and optimize the intelligent agro-meteorological disaster dynamic monitoring and evaluation， prediction and early warning system， promoting and enhancing the defense capabilities of crop agro-meteorological disasters. For example， in view of the production characteristics and meteorological needs of main crops in Henan Province， modern technologies such as 5 g network and Internet should be further used to build an intelligent meteorological disaster prevention service platform. It can meet the needs of agricultural meteorological departments， agriculture， rural areas and farmers. It is necessary to use big data to accelerate the deep integration with agricultural meteorological disaster prevention， and build a convenient service system for agrometeorological disaster prevention. The intelligent monitoring system of agricultural meteorological disasters based on the risk classification of different crops， the monitoring and early warning of agricultural meteorological disasters based on different sowing， development and harvest periods of crops， and the real-time monitoring， forecasting and early warning of major agricultural meteorological disasters are established.

Develop characteristic agrometeorological disaster prevention services

Combining with the main crop production activities and agricultural development layout in Henan Province， aiming at the main meteorological disaster activities in Henan Province， the agricultural production guidance activities of "characteristic" agricultural meteorological disaster prevention were carried out according to the different sowing time， development period and harvest period of crops in different regions. In order to minimize the damage of agricultural disasters and improve the production efficiency of agricultural activities， we should establish the agricultural meteorological center with the characteristics of agricultural meteorological disaster prevention， timely carry out the meteorological disaster prevention services for the characteristic agriculture， especially establish the meteorological service mode facing the large-scale agricultural product bases， rural areas and large-scale agricultural farmers， so as to minimize the damage of agricultural disasters and improve the production efficiency of agricultural activities. Based on the types and damage degree of agrometeorological disasters， we should give full play to the infrastructure construction of weather modification operations， enhance the ability of weather operations such as artificial precipitation and hail suppression， timely avoid the harm degree of agricultural meteorological disasters on crops， and stabilize the potential and capacity of agricultural varieties， agricultural technology and agricultural meteorological disaster mitigation and prevention. Meanwhile， under the protection of meteorological disasters， we will strengthen the protection of rural ecological resources， adjust the agricultural structure， and ensure that agricultural production increases and farmers' incomes increase.

Establish and improve the standardization of agricultural meteorological disaster prevention services

Under the strategy of rural revitalization， Henan Province should accelerate the standardization construction of agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service system with national standards and industry standards as the main body[10]， so as to achieve the goal of agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service system， the standardization of service methods， the accuracy of service content， the process of service and the standardization of service channels. We should continue to establish and improve the service system of agricultural meteorological service and defense[11]， and make it targeted， standardized and process-oriented. Combined with the characteristics of agrometeorological disasters in Henan Province， the system is capable of solving the practical problems of agrometeorological disasters and effectively reducing the economic and social losses caused by agrometeorological disasters in agricultural production. For example， we can establish early warning standards for agricultural meteorological disasters and norms for investigation of meteorological disasters， carry out monitoring and early warning standards for major agricultural meteorological disasters to ensure the release and use of early warning information.

Continue to improve the social management level of agricultural meteorological services

In the agricultural meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation service， to ensure food security， the first thing is to reasonably set up departments and posts of agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service， continue to promote the transformation to the management mode of "government led， Department linkage， social participation". After unifying the objectives of the agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service system， we should change the service concept， improve the social management level of meteorological disaster prevention services， and improve the evaluation standards for agricultural meteorological disasters. Especially in the process of promoting the management of meteorological disaster prevention services， it is very important to fully mobilize the cooperation of multiple departments， coordinate social resources， give full play to the role of agricultural meteorology talents， and vigorously cultivate front-line service personnel for agricultural meteorological disaster prevention. The government should pay attention to promote the data sharing of multi departments， actively build information release， exchange information between grass-roots agricultural meteorological disaster prevention service departments and farmers， timely convey early warning and disaster prevention and mitigation measures， truly solve the "last mile" problem of agricultural meteorological disaster warning information release， and improve the social management level of agricultural meteorological disaster service.

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