Teaching Methods of Oral Output by Listening Input in Middle School Classroom

谷洋洋 贾岐国

Oral English teaching is a complicated process，which includes two aspects：teaching and learning.Cognitive psychology holds that the process of cognition is a process of information processing.Psychologist Neisser pointed out that“Cognition refers to all processes of sensory input conversion，simplification， storage， recovery and application”. Therefore，we can transform the learning process into： input memory output.According to this theory，teachers can creatively process materials，input the most useful knowledge and information to students，and strengthen studentsmemory of knowledge through continuous reproduction and other measures;then create various real or quasi-real situations to activate these knowledge，and stimulate students to output the input information after correct processing into their own skills，so as to achieve from transformation from knowledge-based to knowledge-based improves the teaching effect.

The specific strategies are as follows：

一、Persistence in Organizing Teaching in English

One of the necessary teaching abilities for every English teacher is to organize classroom teaching in English.At the same time，teaching in English is of great significance.It can be said that it is the key to success or failure of English teaching.Linguists believe that students learn oral English through interaction. The main form of interaction among middle school students is learning by doing，that is，learning English in the process of doing things in English，including oral English.Therefore，organizing teaching in English is conducive to providing students with a large number of demonstrations of speaking English，facilitating studentsoral imitation， stimulating studentsdesire to speak English，and improving studentsinterest in learning English.Teachers in the experimental class speak more English from the beginning and organize their teaching in English.

二、Attention to Reciting and Imitating Texts

“Listening”is an important means of acquiring the language.It is also the first step in learning to speak.So is oral English expression. For students who are taught by traditional spoken English，the time for learning English is largely concentrated on the limited 40 minutes in the classroom，besides，there is hardly any environment for speaking English.In oral English training， imitating reading and reciting texts are especially important.Because many of our English teachersspoken English is not very standard，following the tape is an effective way to correct studentsincorrect pronunciation，and it also provides a rare English context.

Reciting texts is conducive to cultivating studentslanguage flow and sense， and also helps students store idioms and vocabulary in their brains， thus laying a solid foundation for learning and using English. This process is very necessary for future learning，and it is also a guarantee for developing studentsoral communication ability.In order to enable students to clearly understand the formation of English ability，they must first have a large number of effective input and accumulation of language materials as the basis.

三、Seize the Opportunities and Create More English Environment

Every day， students take turns on duty to get equal opportunities to practice oral English for2-3minutes.The content is freely chosen by the students according to their level. It can be from shallow to deep，from easy to difficult.There are daily duty reports，interesting experiences，storytelling，and dialogue with classmates and so on.After completing the duty report，ask the following students two questions and ask them to answer them in order to improve together.This is an effective way to consolidate knowledge and form oral ability.Unknowingly， students are trained. It not only enhances studentsinterest in learning，but also cultivates self-confidence.It also shows every student the opportunity and platform of oral English，so that they can experience the pleasure of success.

We actively create scenarios in peacetime teaching;design a large number of high-density oral training in a planned way，so that students can improve their ability to use English in language practice.In fact，the biggest obstacle to improving studentsspoken English is that they are introverted，shy，face-loving，lack of confidence in speaking English， afraid of making mistakes，and afraid of being laughed at.

Therefore，I especially create a harmonious and relaxed communication environment for the experimental class students to eliminate their tension. For some students with poor foundation or timidity，we also pay more attention and encouragement，each time more encouragement，less criticism.In the classroom，studentsproblems are deal with carefully.More praise for the progress made by students， help students eliminate psychological barriers，so that they continue to achieve a sense of achievement，thus generating further motivation to speak English well.

4. Interactive Teaching Method

Interactive teaching method is to create a multilateral interactive teaching environment， achieve the collision and blending of different views in the process of equal exchange and discussion between the two sides of teaching，and then stimulate the initiative and exploration of both sides of teaching， so as to achieve a teaching method to improve the teaching effect.

In a word，teachers should carry out various kinds of exercises through various ways，so that students can have practical opportunities to open their mouths，and through continuous digestion，absorption，application and development of training，completely eliminate the phenomenon of dumb English，so as to promote the improvement of oral English ability and promote the all-round development of listening，speaking，reading and writing ability.