发电厂的类型（二）

NS Energy

上期文章介绍了用核能、水力和燃煤三种能源发电的的发电厂，本期文章我们来了解下用柴油、地热和燃气三种能源发电的发电厂吧。

Diesel-fired power plants

Using diesel as the fuel， this type of power plantis used for small-scale production of electric power.

They are linstalled in places where there is no easy availability of alternative power sources and are mainly used as a 2lbackup for uninterrupted power supply whenever there are 3）outages.

Diesel plants require only a small area to be installed and offer higher thermal efficiency compared to coal-fired power plants.

Due to high 4）maintenance costs and diesel prices， the power plants have not gained popularity at the same rate as other types of power generation plants such as steam and hydro.

Geothermal power plants

The installed 5）capacity of geothermal energy has bgradually increased worldwide over the past decade， up from just short of 10 GW in 2010to almost 14 GW in 2019.

Geothermal power plants are considered to be environmentally friendly and emit lower levels of harmful gases compared with coal-fired power plants.

Gas-fired power plants

A gas-fired power plants burns natural gas-a rapidly growing energy source across the world-to generate electricity.

Although natural gas is a 7fossil fuel， the emissions produced from its 8combustion are much lower than those from coal or oil， according to a study by the Union of Concerned Scientists.

Data from the International Energy Agency （lEA） shows that gas-fired power generation expanded by 3% in 2019， taking its power generation in the global mix to 23%.

1） install 【Insto：I】v.安裝

2） backup 【'baekxp】 n.备份

3） outage 【'avtld3】 n.停电期

4） maintenance 【melntenans】n.保养，维护

5） capacity 【ka'paesati】 n.容量

6） gradually 【'graed3uali】 adv.逐渐地

7） fossil 【n'st：l】n.化石

8） combustion 【kem'bastfen】n.燃烧

柴油发电厂

这种类型的发电厂使用柴油作为燃料，用于小规模生产电力。

它们安装在无法轻易找到备用电源的地方，并且主要用作发生断电时不间断电源的备用电源。

与燃煤发电厂相比，柴油发电厂仅需在一个很小的区域进行安装，即可提供更高的热效率。

由于高昂的维护成本和柴油价格，柴油发电厂没有像其他类型的发电厂（如蒸汽和水力发电厂）那样受欢迎。

地热发电厂

在过去的十年中，全球地热能的装机容量逐渐增加，从2010年的不足10吉瓦增加到2019年的近14吉瓦。

与燃煤发电厂相比，地热发电厂被认为对环境友好，排放的有害气体水平更低。燃气发电厂

燃气发电厂燃烧天然气（一种在世界范围内迅速发展的能源）来发电。

根据科学家联合会的一项研究，尽管天然气是一种化石燃料，但燃烧产生的排放物远少于煤炭和石油。

国际能源署的数据显示，燃气发电量在2019年增长了3%，占全球混合能源发电量的23%。