Journal of Economics of Water Resources

EmpiricalanalysisofcouplingandcoordinationbetweeneconomicdevelopmentandwaterresourceenvironmentinYangtzeRiverEconomicBelt/YUAN Ruhua1,2, ZANG Yanqiu1,2(1.Business School,Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; 2.Institute of Water Conservancy Economics, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

Abstract: In order to explore its coordinated development status between economic development and water resource environment,change of the coupling coordination degreein the Yangtze River Economic Beltfrom 2004 to 2018 and the regional differences are analyzed by using the coupling coordination degree model, and their correlation is further analyzed by using the grey correlation degree. The results show that the coupling coordination degree has a fluctuating and increase tendency with a pattern of “downstream>midstream>upstream”. The results of the grey correlation degree indicate that the economic development structure subsystem has the greatest influences on the water resource environment system, and the subsystem of adversity resistance index of water resource environment is the most relevant to the economic development system.

Keywords: Yangtze River Economic Belt; coupling coordination degree; grey correlation degree

TotalfactorwaterefficiencyinYangtzeRiverDeltabasedonSFA-ESDA/WANG Jigan, LI Yingqiu(Business School,Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

Abstract: In order to evaluate the feasibility of sustainable utilization of water resources in Yangtze River Delta, the total factor water efficiency(TFWE) index is established by using the Shephard water distance function and calculated by using the stochastic frontier analysis(SFA) technology. The TFWE of 26 cities in the Yangtze River Delta is visually evaluated by using the ARCGIS software. Then, the spatial change characteristics and rules of the TFWE in the decade from 2006 to 2015 are preliminarily explored using the exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA). The results show that the TFWE in the Yangtze River Delta has an increase tendency during the period from 2006 to 2015. In addition, the spatial distribution of the TFWE exhibits similar characteristics, indicating the existence of spatial agglomeration.

Keywords: stochastic frontier analysis; exploratory spatial data analysis; Yangtze River Delta; total factor water efficiency

EvaluationofecologicalefficiencyandimprovementcountermeasuresofYangtzeRivereconomiczonebasedonSuper-SBMmodel/CHEN Junfei1,2, WANG Hengyuan1(1.Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 2.Yangtze River Conservation and Green Development Institute, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

Abstract: Based on the panel data of 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River economic zone from 2007 to 2018, the Super-SBM model is used to measure the ecological efficiency, and the factors causing the efficiency fluctuation are further analyzed by decomposing the ML index and measuring the redundancy ratio of input and output.The results show that the regional ecological efficiency in the Yangtze Rivereconomic zone has not reached the effective level, and the regional differences are significant, showing a pattern of “downstream>midstream>upstream”, and the level of ecological efficiency in the downstream region is much higher than that in the middle and upper reaches. The ecological efficiencies in Zhejiang Province and Shanghai City have reached DEA efficiency.The resource redundancy is generally negatively related to the ecological efficiency, and the environmental pollution is the primary cause of efficiency loss. It is urgent to optimize the industrial structure and promote the coordinated development of the industry to achieve resource conservation and environmental protection. The technological progress is the main driver of the regional total factor productivity, and the technical efficiency still needs to be improved. Based on the temporal and spatial evolution analysis of dynamic and staticcombination, some suggestions and countermeasures are put forward for improving the ecological efficiency in the Yangtze River economic zone.

Keywords: Yangtze River economic zone;ecological efficiency; Super-SBM model; ML index model

Reformorientationofmoderngovernancesystemofwaterresourcesbasedonpropertyrighttheoryofmodernnaturalresourceassets/TIAN Guiliang, WANG Xiwei(Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

Abstract: The modernization of ecological civilization and national governance capacity requires the acceleration of the reform of China’s current water resourcs governance system. The China’s water resource governance system is deeply analyzed, and it is believed that there are obvious problems such as immobilization of water distribution, weak awareness of ownership, administration of treatment measures and overlap of departmental functions in the China’s water resource governance system which focuses on water allocation and water withdrawal permit. These problems are also the internal motives for the reform of the water resource governance system. It is put forward that the water right system is the manifestation of the property right system of modern natural resource assets in the field of water resource governance, and it is argued that the property right system of modern natural resource assetsis the institutional basis for the construction of the water resource governance system in the new era. Based on the three institutional modules of right, transaction, supervision of the property right theory, the reform orientation of the modern governance system of water resources is proposed. It is suggested that the modern governance system for water resources in the new era should be based on registration of right and regard the water right as the form of expression and the market mechanism as the core, and should properly handle the relationship among the water right system, water resource planning, ecological civilization construction, river(lake) chief system, horizontal ecological compensation of watersheds, financing of water conservancy projects and water withdrawal system. The deepening reform of the water resource governance system should be continuously promoted, and the establishment of a modern water resource governance system should be accelerated.

Keywords: property right system; ownership reform; modern management of water resources; modern property right theory; water right system

Bearingcapacityoffishermen’sproductiontransfertolandinHongzeLakearea/CHEN Changren1, SHI Anna2, ZHANG Min1, LIU Yongjin2, XIA Wenhao2, WANG Lu1(1.Jiangsu Hongze Lake Water Conservancy Project Management Office, Huaian 211600, China; 2.Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

Abstract: With the development of social economy, Hongze Lake area is facing the dual pressures of economic growth and environmental pollution. According to the idea of “Clear water and green mountains are equal to mountains of gold and silver” proposed by Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the fishermen’s production transfer to land in lake areas is the necessary choice for the regional sustainable development. The TOPSIS model is established from the three dimensions of economy, resources and environment to analyze the bearing capacities of economy, resources, environment as well as the comprehensive bearing capacity in six counties(districts) in Hongze Lake area so as to provide decision-making support for fishermen’s production transfer to land.

Keywords: Hongze Lake; production transfer to land; bearing capacity; TOPSIS model

Governancestrategyofknowledgeinnovationnetworkofwaterconservancyenterprises/DING Yuan1, XI Xiaorong1, YANG Xiaofei2(1.Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 2.Hongfa Co.,Ltd., Sixth Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, Xi’an 710100, China)

Abstract: Based on the theories of knowledge creation and knowledge governance and the definitions of the related concepts such as the knowledge innovation network of water conservancy enterprises and knowledge governance, the potential risk and governance issues in the knowledge innovation network are analyzed from three aspects: network knowledge environment, network subject environment and network structure environment. The targeted knowledge governance strategy with three governance mechanisms is proposed, and the mechanisms are structural governance, procedural governance and relational governance. Finally, the knowledge governance analysis framework of knowledge innovation network of water conservancy enterprises is established.

Keywords: water conservancy enterprise; knowledge innovation network; knowledge governance; knowledge creation

Allocationofwaterdrainagerightbasedoncombinedweightofgametheory-TOPSISmodel/SHEN Juqin1,2,ZHAO Mengyue2,3,4,WANG Changsheng5,ZHANG Dandan2,3,4,ZHAN Qingqing2,3,4,SUN Fuhua1,2(1.School of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China; 2.Yangtze River Protection and Green Development Research Institute, Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China; 3.Business School, Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China; 4.Institute of Environmental Accounting and Assets Operation, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 5.Nanjing Securities Co., Ltd.,Nanjing 210017,China)

Abstract: Based on the allocation methods for scarce resources such as water rights, sewage discharge rights and the establishment of allocation indexes, the theory of synergeticsis used to analyze the mechanism of drainage system, and the influence indexes are determined in accordance with the principles of equity, efficiency and sustainable development. The subjective weight determined by the order relation analysis method and the objective weight determined by the entropy weight method are combined and optimized through the set model of the game theory.Finally, the allocation model for water drainage right based on combined weight of game theory-TOPSIS model is established. Taking the allocation of drainage right of Sunan Canal as an example, the calculated results by the proposed model are compared with those by the order relation analysis- and entropy weight-TOPSIS models.The results show that the allocation model for water drainage right based on combined weight of game theory-TOPSIS model is feasible and reasonable, and the allocation of water drainage right is the result of the coordinated development of natural, social and economic systems. Among them, the rainfall, social water conservancy construction, historical disaster losses and so on have great influences on the allocation of water drainage right. The allocated results of water drainage right according to the size of the allocation quota are Changzhou, Wuxi, Suzhou and Zhenjiang.

Keywords: flood disaster;waterdrainage right; game theory;combined weight;TOPSIS method

Considerationsonimprovementofwaterwithdrawalpermitsystemundernewsituation/LIU Xiao, DAI Xiangqian, MA Jun(Development Research Center of the Ministry of Water Resources of P. R. China, Beijing 100038, China)

Abstract: This paper aims to further improve the water withdrawal permit system, strengthen the water withdrawal permit and the water resource management, promote the ecological civilization construction, accelerate the modernization of national governance system and capability, and fulfill the general keynote of water conservancy reform and development. The current status,implementation situations and actual requirements of the water withdrawal permit system are analyzed. With regard to the problems such as vague definition and category of water withdrawal, inadequate control of regional total water consumption and insufficient connection with reform of water resource tax, some suggestions for improving the water withdrawal permit system are put forward based on the requirements of the new situation as follows: (1) Further improvement of the definition and category of water withdrawaland strengthening of the management and approval process of water withdrawal permit license; (2) Improvement of the relevant regulations on regional water consumption control; (3) Strengthening of the connection with reform of water resource tax, and promotion of institutional support water resource tax.

Keywords: Water withdrawal permit;water resource management;water conservation and protection;water resource tax

KnowledgemapanalysisofcropwaterrequirementresearchbasedonCatespace/CAO Yongqiang, QI Jingwei, WANG Fei, WANG Yihan(School of Geographical Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China)

Abstract: The current situation in the research field of crop water requirement is explored by using the methods of bibliometrics, co-citation analysis, citation network structure transformation and visualization based on the visual analysis software CiteSpace of bibliometrics. The knowledge maps of scientific cooperation, discipline development and evolution, and potential influence literatures or subject structure network in the research field of crop water requirement are drawn in order to find out the characteristics of scientific cooperation and the evolution laws of research topics, and to predict the potential influential topics and scholars. The research findings are as follows: (1) The network of institutional cooperation is very complex, and the high-temperature research areas mainly include the United States, Europe, India. (2) The research topics in the research field of crop water requirement are diversified. The research theme has gradually developed from “mariculture waste water irrigation” to seven research themes oriented by research methods and problems. (3) Through the citation network structure transformation network, it is predicted that the potential influential literatures are Jalava M(2016), Toumi J(2016) and Wang W G(2017), and the potential influential topics are the reflectance-based crop coefficient and the lpjml model. These research results may provide a theoretical reference for the relative researchers to predict crop water requirement in a certain direction.

Keywords: crop water requirement; Citespace; visualization; knowledge map

IntegratedmanagementofEPCmodecostofwaterconservancyandhydropowerprojects/CHEN Min1, HUANG Weihua2(1.Xiaolangdi Hydro-junction Management Center of the Ministry of Water Resources of P. R. China, Zhengzhou 450000, China; 2.Yellow River Xiaolangdi Water Recourse Investment Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450000, China)

Abstract: The EPC management mode has been widely used in the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects. How to effectively control the cost is an important content and difficulty in the management of EPC projects. Based on the summary of the characteristics of EPC mode in construction of projects such as clear responsibilities, high efficiency and total price contract, how the integrated management means to give its full play in controlling the whole life cycle, the whole process and the multi-directionof the total price contract is analyzed. Combined with the analysis of actual case study, it is shown that the integrated management of cost of EPC projects can make the EPC mode give its full play of integrated, scientific and innovative characteristics and functions through complementation of resource management and rational utilization so as to realize the goal of high efficiency and high benefit of projects.

Keywords: water conservancy and hydropower project;EPC mode; general contract;integrated management; engineering cost

Motivationmechanismofpublicparticipationinestablishmentofriverchiefsystem—CasestudyecologicalgreencurrencyofDeqingCity/XU Jiajun, LI Ping(School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100,China)

Abstract: The river chief system is the system innovation to solve the complex water problem and ensure the national water safety in China. Guiding and encouraging public participation is the key to the long-term effect of the river chief system. However, in the process of practice, the phenomenon of public participation failure is wide spread. How to avoid public participation falling into the trap of formalism and ensure the public to achieve continuous and effective participation, the establishment of motivation mechanism is very important. Based on the Maslow’s demand theory and the cost-benefit theory, the operation mode of motivation mechanism of public participation is proposed. Based on its motivation practices, the operation process of “Ecological green currency” in Deqing City is analyzed from the two dimensions of the river chief office and the public. Some suggestions such as innovative motivation mode, targeted motivation, improving public water protection platform and strengthening public organization participation are put forward in order to provide reference for other regions to establish the motivation mechanism of public participation and promote the transformation of the river chief system to the long-term management of rivers.

Keywords: river chief system; public participation; participation failure; motivation mechanism

Practicesandconsiderationsonestablishmentofriverchiefsystemofsmallandmedium-sizedriversincities/HU Xing-qiu, GUO Xintong(Business School,Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

Abstract: The small and medium-sized rivers in cities have a wide range of area and a large amount of water, and the local governments have relatively independent overall management capability and autonomy. In recent years, the river chief system has been established in a large number of small and medium-sized rivers in cities, some achievements have been achieved, but the overall construction work is still lagging behind. Based on the analysis of the successful experience of the legal system construction of the Rhine River in Europe, the practice of the river chief system in Wuxi of Jiangsu Province, the government-enterprise cooperation in Shaoxing of Zhejiang Province and the information technology platform for smart river chiefs, some countermeasures and suggestions are proposed with regard to the deficiency in the river chief system construction of small and medium-sized rivers in cities as follows: reinforcement of the participation of social forces, improvement of the law and regulation systems, strengthening of the compaction of responsibility mechanism, innovation of the digital river and lake management platforms, and control of the excess high water consumption capacity. The river chief system of small and medium-sized rivers in cities should be continuously deepened and promoted in order to make it a sustainable long-term mechanism.

Keywords: river and lake management;river chief system; small and medium-sized rivers in cities; water resource management; smart water conservancy; digital water conservancy

BarrierfactorsforsmallhydropowerdevelopmentinTibet/SUN Minghao1, QIANG Maoshan1, JIANG Hanchen2, KANG Yanling1(1.State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; 2.School of Public Policy & Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)

Abstract: Small hydropower is an important way to realize power supply in remote areas of Tibet. However, constrained by economic and social development and natural geographical conditions, the development of Tibet’s small hydropower faces a series of barriers. If these barriers cannot be dealt with reasonably, Tibet’s small hydropower will not achieve long-term development.After the literature retrieval, eight kinds of barrier factors to the development of small hydropower in Tibetare summarized.Through the questionnaire survey, the influence degrees of these barrier factorsare ranked.The results show that all the barrier factors have great influence degrees, among which the top five barrier factors are fragile ecological environment, backward supporting infrastructure, policy uncertainty, investment recovery and profitability, and harsh natural climate conditions. The comprehensive understanding of the barrier factors faced by the development of Tibet’s small hydropower and the reasonable response will achieve long-term stable development of Tibet’s small hydropower.

Keywords: small hydropower development; barrier factor; Tibet

Experience,problemsandsuggestionsforpracticing“Productiondeterminationbywater”/ZHANG Dan1, WANG Jing2, WANG Yixuan1, ZHANG Ruimei3, FU Xinfeng1(1.Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Zhengzhou 450003, China; 2.China Water Investment Co.,Ltd., Beijing 100053, China; 3.Development Research Center of the Ministry of Water Resources of P.R.China, Beijing 100038, China)

Abstract: Based on the definition of the concept,development idea and practical exploration of “Production determination by water” in China, some problems in the implementation of “Production determination by water” are analyzed as follows: the understanding of “Production determination by water” needs to be further strengthened, the contradiction between water and production needs to be further solved, and the safe guard measures need to be further improved. Some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to further implement “Production determination by water” in the following five aspects: improvement of policies and regulations, establishment of the working mode of cooperation among various departments, promotion of the related system and mechanism of “Production determination by water”, improvement of the measurement and monitoring capacity of water resources, and establishment of control index system for water resources.

Keywords: production determination by water; water demand; water resource management; measurement and monitoring

Miningandanalysisofrainstormdisasterinformationbasedonsocialmedia—CasestudyofShenzhenrainstormonApril11,2019/HUANG Jing1, LI Menghan1, KANG Jinle1, CAO Yang2, ZENG Qingbin3(1.Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 2.Danyang Construction Quality Supervision Station, Danyang 212300, China; 3.Shenzhen Water Planning and Design Institute Co. Ltd., Shenzhen 528200, China)

Abstract: During the process of rainstorm, obtaining the real-time rainstorm disaster information, especially the effects and consequences of the disaster,is of great significance to the timely response and evaluation of the rainstorm disaster. Combining the latent Dirichlet allocation(LDA) and the supported vector machine(SVM), a mining model forrainstorm disaster information based on social media is proposed. The rainstorm event on April 11, 2019 is selected as an example, and 10 015 Weibo texts about “Shenzhen rainstorm” are collected. Four types of Weibo text themesare identified, and after its secondary mining,six kinds of disaster information as well as the temporal and spatial differences are obtained. The results show that the proposed mining model forrainstorm disaster information performs well on the identification of disaster information of the Weibo texts, and extract six kinds of disaster information of Shenzhen rainstorm: traffic congestion, casualty, building collapse, ponding, power failure and water outage. The mining and analysis results of rainstorm disaster information can accurately reflect the development status of the disaster. The temporal results of disaster information reflect its real-time development, and spatial results indicate that the area with concentrated Weibo texts agrees with that with occurrence of the disaster. The proposed mining approach for rainstorm disaster information may provide the basic and real-time information support for emergency rescue and relief work.

Keywords: rainstormdisaster information; social media; information mining; text classification