Protection of Ecological Environment in Territorial Spatial Planning

Chen BAO, Xiaoyun LI, Meipeng LE

College of City Construction, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China

Abstract According to the fundamental foundation of China’s economic and social development, it is necessary to consider the state of the land and resources. This has caused great concern about the sustainable development of land and resources. The economy has been developing steadily, bringing China into a new stage. At this stage, we should plan the land and resources more reasonably, so as to achieve the goal of ensuring economic development and long-term social stability. Therefore, the management of land and resources needs to be improved. Using scientific planning methods, the original technology is improved to reasonably protect and develop China’s land and resources, thus contributing to the sustainable development of China and even the world.

Key words Territorial space, Planning, Ecological environment

1 Introduction

The sustainable development of China’s society and economy requires that the planning goals of territorial spatial planning are consistent with the national development goals. It must be done jointly by the public, planners, and the government, with the characteristics of unified connection, clear positioning, and clear boundaries. The key content of territorial spatial planning is to restore and protect ecological space, and to improve and integrate the territorial spatial system. Ecological environmental protection is also an important content of territorial spatial planning. Territorial spatial planning will add spatial prevention and control to national economic development, and also add guidance for other planning and management[1].

2 Importance and necessity of ecological environment protection in territorial spatial planning

2.1 ImportanceEcological protection is of great significance in territorial spatial planning. Many ecological environment protection aspects are involved in the content of territorial spatial planning, such as the bottom line of ecological environment safety, the protection of ecological red line and the restoration of ecology. The territorial spatial planning system is closely related to the ecological environment. It needs to always ensure the priority of the ecological environment so that other work can be achieved. It is necessary to formulate a more targeted special plan based on the actual situation to make the space planning system smoothly implemented[2]. Ecological environment protection and territorial spatial planning are inseparable. The relationship between the two is different from the simple subordination, but rather a mixed relationship. Territorial spatial planning will play a defensive role in ecological environment protection, and it can also promote the future development of ecological environment protection. Ecological environmental protection is an important foundation for the continuous development of resources and the environment. It has also become an important force for the quality and quantity completion of territorial spatial planning. Ecological environment protection requires a clear purpose and a more detailed design plan. It is necessary to clarify the inevitable problems between urban development and the ecological environment. After the environmental protection plan is implemented, the content of ecological environment protection is still absorbed into the territorial spatial planning system. It is necessary to increase the control of the specific implementation of the important content of ecological environment protection, and formulate the requirements of social and economic development.

At the level of national society, the contents of ecological environment protection and territorial spatial planning system are discussed, and an inspection and evaluation system with suitability, scientificity and integrity is determined. A more efficient management system is built to let social and economic development and ecological environmental protection be integrated into the territorial spatial planning[3]. In the process of implementing the plan, it is necessary to determine the direction and goal of ecological environment protection, effectively complete the ecological environment protection plan, and gradually advance to the implementation of the territorial spatial planning work, making sufficient preparations for the subsequent development of a series of work in territorial spatial planning.

2.2 NecessityIn the future social development, ecological environmental protection and territorial spatial planning must be consistent with China’s "two centenary goals". The territorial spatial planning system integrates a number of contents of ecological protection, including ecological protection red line, ecological protection and restoration control and double evaluation. No matter which level of planning it is, it is closely related to ecological environment protection. The development of territorial space should be based on sustainability, and only in this way can the ecological protection of the territorial space proceed smoothly. Therefore, the special plan for ecological environment protection must be improved, the goals and tasks of ecological environment protection must be clarified, and ecological environment protection and territorial spatial planning should adapt to each other, thereby supporting the implementation of the territorial spatial planning system[4].

3 Positive role of ecological environment protection in territorial spatial planning

The content of territorial spatial planning points to the full and practical analysis of the content of China’s land use and resources and environment work, so that the ecological environment protection can be used as widely and reasonably as possible. In the overall development process of economic and social development in China, ecological environmental protection is closely linked to the development of territorial spatial planning. It is also a necessary guiding concept in China’s social and economic development. The positive effects of ecological environment protection in territorial spatial planning are as follows.

3.1 Enhancing the protection of ecological environment

Reasonable and appropriate use of land resources is a way to protect the ecological environment. It can enhance the beneficial effects of environmental governance. Moreover, it is very helpful to improve the urban ecological micro-environment. The planning needs to coordinate the use of land and ecological environment resources in all aspects of social life, which has a positive effect on promoting healthy social development and economic green development, so as to protect the ecological environment more effectively.

3.2 Improving the utilization of ecological environment resourcesIf society wants to continuously develop and progress, it must use developmental thinking to solve the problems in development and progress. Territorial spatial planning is a planning method to make full use of ecological environment resources. The ecological resources are conserved through integrated use of land. This maintains the continuous development of the economy and progress of the society. In addition, through management and control, the utilization of ecological environment resources is improved, so that the unused or underutilized limited resources can be taken out for full development.

3.3 Sustainable developmentChina is a populous country. The development goals set by the government and the country are ultimately for the happiness of the people. The implementation of ecological environment protection also needs to adhere to the concept of sustainable development in territorial spatial planning, and protect the ecological environment, which not only makes people happy, but also takes long-term considerations for the future and leaves room for future generations to develop. Thus, territorial spatial planning should consider the current serious problems of ecological environment protection from the long-term economic and social development direction, face the problems of pollution and environmental impact in the development process, change the original concept of land planning, change the viewpoint of being centered by economic development, and increase the importance of the ecological environment[5].

4 Existing problems and countermeasures

4.1 Existing problems

4.1.1Joint development of urban social economy and ecological protection. The city is a complex ecosystem. The living, life, work and entertainment of residents require diverse environments. There are many factors influencing the ecosystem in cities. In the process of urban development, it is more necessary to consider the relationship between the ecological environment and urban social and economic development, and to control the relationship between the interests of the two. As there is a process of resource input and output, there is also a cycle of generating metabolism. There are still many unsatisfactory areas in land planning in China, greatly hindering the utilization of China’s ecological environment resources, and lacking resource and environmental suitability planning[6].

4.1.2Basic data analysis of territorial spatial planning does not pay enough attention to the ecological environment protection. According to the current speed of social and economic development, many land classifications in China are still based on administrative unit divisions. This land classification method has not met the needs of the current development situation, and there are many shortcomings. For example, the current ecological environment protection thinking is not sensitive enough; the distribution of land resources in China is uneven; and the connection between land and ecological environment has been neglected. When planning, planners often overlook ecological protection. When determining detailed planning goals, in order to meet the immediate economic development of the government and residents’ building houses, planners contempt for the long-term ecological environment. At present, the basic analysis of land and resource management is still insufficient, and there are few basic status data and forward-looking special studies. For the sake of short-term economic benefits, the government and businessmen abandon ecological environment protection. In current ecological protection and restoration, double manpower, material resources and financial resources are required[7], and the gains outweigh the losses. The environment is getting worse, it will lower people’s quality of life, leading to less meaning of rapid economic development[5]. In previous ecological environment planning, it did not attract enough attention. As a result, the ecological environment has not been effectively planned and controlled, and pollution has come one after another, which endangers people’s lives and property.

4.2 Countermeasures

4.2.1Combination of ecological environment protection and data technology management. In ecological protection, the current big data information technology can be used. Through the database platform, a scientific and efficient information management platform is designed. At the same time, various administrative departments need to provide basic data when establishing data. In the implementation of the project, daily ecological environment management and data analysis will provide information reference for territorial spatial planning through an informatized work platform.

4.2.2Ecological environment planning requires public participation. The protection and restoration of the ecological environment requires the support of the state and the government to invest a large amount of people, materials, and money to see obvious restoration and protection effects[8]. The country and the government attach great importance to people’s livelihood. For continuous and steady development, we need to pay attention to ecological environment protection. At the same time, because of the close relationship between territorial spatial planning and people’s production and life, protecting the ecology is not just a matter of government, and instead, it is even more necessary for the people across the country to actively intervene to solve it. People usually know a lot about their own settlement and surrounding environment. The government should encourage them to promptly report to relevant departments when they discover relevant problems, providing more basic data for territorial spatial planning research.

4.2.3Emphasizing ecological environment protection. Since the State Council issued theSeveralOpinionsonTerritorialSpatialPlanning, all provinces and counties have gradually implemented the establishment. At present, the concept of ecological environment protection in planning is still relatively backward compared with developed countries, lacking attention on the importance of environmental protection. The government and planners cannot implement planning management just to complete the target tasks. Through the delineation of three spaces and three lines, it shows that territorial spatial planning is not a formal planning that considers the living industry environment, but a healthy and green development plan that gives more consideration to people’s living environment and ecological environment. Therefore, in the territorial spatial planning, priority should be given to the protection of ecological environment.

5 Conclusions

The ecological environment, land resources, and social economy influence each other. Territorial spatial planning should be based on management, digital technology, and public participation to improve the overall importance of ecological environment protection in territorial spatial planning. The management department needs to control the relationship between land and resources and ecological environment protection as a whole, sort out the responsibilities of various departments and speed up the establishment of complete relevant legislation content. At the same time, it needs to pay attention to the relevant factors of market economy, organize professional and technical staff to conduct systematic training, and apply modern data technology and platform as soon as possible, protecting ecological environment more effectively[7].

In the implementation process of territorial spatial planning, ecological environment resources need to be utilized better, the value of ecological civilization needs to be disseminated deeply, and the research and innovation should be further strengthened. In particular, more investment is needed in the establishment of natural protection ecosystems, the protection and construction of urban open spaces, marine ecological spaces, forests, drinking water sources and circular economy[9]. The territorial spatial planning in China needs to continuously promote the transformation of the development path, based on mountains and rivers, a green corridor of life is built to show the world a new look of China and promote the quality improvement of urban and rural life. By optimizing the allocation of space resources, the quality of the national ecological environment meets the development needs of the dominant functional area, and the biodiversity is fully protected, achieving the sustainable development of resources and environment[9].