必修3第5单元同步词汇精讲精练

倪慧琴

1. impress vt. 使印象深刻;使铭记

【经典例句】

The film impressed me very much. 那部电影给我留下的印象很深。

He has the power to impress his beliefs on others. 他有能力使他的信仰深深地印在别人的脑海里。

The sights of the city left a deep impression on the tourists. 这个城市的風光给游客留下了深刻印象。

What he said is quite impressive. 他说的话令人印象深刻。

【思维拓展】

impress sth. on / upon sb. = impress sb. with / by sth.= impress on sb. sth. 使某人铭记某事物;对……印象深刻;impression n. 印象;make / leave an impression on / upon... 给……一个印象;have the impression that 有……的印象;impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的

2. surround vt. & vi. 包围;围绕

【经典例句】

She has always been surrounded with fashionable friends. 她周围总有许多爱赶时髦的朋友。

The school was surrounded by / with a fence. 学校四周围着篱笆。

Animals in zoos are not in their natural surroundings. 动物园里的动物不是生活在自然环境中。

【思维拓展】

surrounding adj. 周围的;surroundings n. 环境（常用复数）;surround sb. / sth. with sb. / sth. 使……被……包围;be surrounded by / with被……包围或环绕

【易混辨析】

surrounding， condition与environment的区别：

surrounding作“环境”讲时，用复数形式，主要指周围的物质环境;

condition作“环境，情况”讲时，用复数形式，但它主要是指抽象意义上的;

environment作“环境”讲，可指自然环境，也可指精神环境，着眼于环境对人的感受的影响。

3. measure vi. & vt. 测量;衡量;判定 n. 计量制;计量单位;措施;尺寸

【经典例句】

The house is more than twenty metres long and measures six metres in width. 这座房子长20多米宽6米。

The tailor took my measure for a new suit. 裁缝量了我的尺寸准备为我做套新衣服。

We should take measures to prevent war. 我们应当采取措施制止战争。

【思维拓展】

measure sb. for a suit给某人量身做一套衣服;measure sb. / sth. against sb. / sth. （以他人/他物）量，比;measure... by... 用……衡量……;take one's measure给某人量尺寸;take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事

【温馨提示】

measure意为“有……长（宽、高、重）”时，为不及物动词，常用主动形式。

4. distance n. 距离，远方

【经典例句】

The painting can be only admired at a distance. 这幅画要在远处欣赏。

Her father advised her to keep her distance from that fellow. 她父亲劝她疏远那家伙。

What is the distance between Philadelphia and Chicago？ 从费城到芝加哥有多远？

【思维拓展】

in the distance 在远方;from a distance 由远处;keep sb. at a distance 对某人冷淡，与某人疏远;keep one's distance from 与……保持距离;at a distance 隔一段距离;距离遥远;at a distance of 在……远的地方

5. manage to do设法做

【经典例句】

At last I managed to persuade her to stay. 我终于说服了她留下。

We managed to fulfill the task ahead of time. 我们成功提前完成了任务。

I shall be able to manage it without help. 没有帮助我一个人也能行。

【短语归纳】

manage to = succeed in doing sth. 设法做（成功做到了）某事;manage sth. 经营，管理……; manage it 能做到

【易混辨析】

manage to do與try to do的区别：

manage to do指设法做成（完成）某事，含有成功之意。

He worked hard and managed to pass the exam. 他努力学习并顺利通过了考试。

try to do 指努力做某事，但不一定成功。

He tried to pass the exam， but failed because of laziness. 他试图想通过考试，但是由于懒惰而最终失败了。

6. catch sight of 看见;瞥见

【经典例句】

Don't let me catch sight of you doing it again！ 别让我再看到你干这种事了！

I caught sight of my former teacher just now， but he turned a corner and I lost sight of him. 我刚刚看到我以前的老师了。但他转弯后，我就看不到他了。

She felt sick at the sight of the dead rat. 她一见那只死老鼠就感到恶心。

【短语归纳】

at first sight 第一眼就;乍看之下;at the sight of 一看见;in sight 在看得见的范围内;out of sight 看不见;come in sight 进入视线，映入眼帘;lose one's sight 丧失视力;have good / poor sight 视力好/差;fix one's sight on 把目光固定在……;in the sight of 由……看来;lose sight of 看不见

7. rather than 与其;不愿

【经典例句】

Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad， he sold them at half price. 与其让蔬菜烂掉，他不如半价把它们卖掉了。

He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。

The teacher rather than the students is to blame. 应受责备的是老师而不是学生。

【短语归纳】

prefer to do... rather than do... =would rather do... than do=would do... rather than do 宁愿……而不愿……;other than除了……;or rather更确切地说

【温馨提示】

rather than作“是……而不是……”讲时，等于instead of。rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数量上保持一致。rather than连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、动名词、分词、不定式以及谓语动词等。rather than连接两个并列不定式时，后面的不定式可省略to。但是，当rather than位于句首时，则只能接不带to 的不定式。

【词汇精练】

一、单词荟萃。

1. ________ vt. 包围，围绕→________ n. 周围的事物，环境→________ adj. 周围的

2. ________ n. 行李→________ n. （同义词）

3. ________ n. 距离→________ adj. 遥远的

4. ________ n. 传统→________ adj. 传统的

5. ________ vt. 使印象深刻→________ n. 印象→________ adj. 印象深刻的

6. ________ vt. 恐吓→________ adj. 感到恐惧的→________ adj. 令人恐惧的

7. ________ v. 混合→________ n. 混合物

8. ________ adj. 轻微的→________ adv. 轻微地

9. ________ adv. 向东→________ adj. 东方的→________ n. 东方

10. ________ adj. 富有的→________ n. 财富

二、单项选择。

1. I called the airline to ________ my flight reservation a week before I left for New York.

A. appoint          B. accept            C. confirm          D. admit

2. The launch pad from which Shenzhou VI is launched can be seen from a ________ of 10 miles.

A. length B. distance C. way D. space

3. The classroom ________ 30 feet long.

A. measures        B. is measured        C. has                D. has length

4. —What ________ did the country leave you after a year of your staying there？

—Well， I think what ________ me most was the friendliness of the people there.

A. impression; impressed                    B. was impressed; impressed

C. was impressed on; impressing          D. had impressed; was impressed

5. The building ________ by trees and flowers is where the girls practice dancing.

A. surrounding B. is surrounding      C. surrounded     D. is surrounded