组2. 密花翠雀花组 Sect. Elatopsis
2020-09-12
中图分类号： Q949.746.5
文献标识码： A
文章编号： 1000-3142（2020）增刊-0001-254
开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：
组2. 密花翠雀花组
Sect. Elatopsis Huth in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 1： 330. 1893; et in Bot. Jahrb. 20： 391. 1895; Nevski in Kom. Fl. URSS 7： 123. 1937; W. T. Wang in Acta Bot. Sin. 10（1）： 75. 1962; et in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 27： 356. 1979; Tamura in Sci. Rep. Osaka Univ. 15： 33. 1966; in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 91： 100. 1990; et in Hiepko， Nat. Pflanzenfam.， Zwei. Aufl. 17aIV： 295. 1995， p. p. excl. Subsect. Aconitoides; W. T. Wang & M. J. Warnock in Fl. China 6： 234. 2001. Lectotype： Delphinium elatum L.
Sect. Delphinastrum auct. non DC.： Malyutin in Bot. Zhurn. 72： 688. 1987.
葉3浅裂或3深裂，稀3全裂。花序总状或伞房状。萼片蓝色或紫色，上萼片常船形，比距长或短。花瓣呈黑色或褐色。退化雄蕊黑色或褐色;瓣片通常2浅裂，腹面基部之上被黄色，稀白色髯毛。心皮3～5 （～10）。种子四面体形，沿纵棱具狭翅，稀倒卵球形，具横向排列的小鳞片或长椭圆体形，周围具1狭翅。
80余种，隶属于3亚组，广布于亚洲和欧洲的温带和寒温带地区。我国有3亚组的75种，广布于西南、西北、北部和东北部。
分种和变种检索表
1. 花序总状。
2. 萼片多宿存，较大，具明显脉纹，有较密柔毛，上萼片常具短距。
3. 萼距比萼片短。
4. 叶片3全裂;萼距尾形，长6 mm，粗0.6 mm21.短尾翠雀花Delphinium brachyurum
4. 叶片非3全裂;萼距细圆锥形或近筒形，粗3～10 mm。
5. 叶片3浅裂;萼片长14～17 mm，距筒状圆锥形，长11～13 mm 28. 浅裂翠雀花D. vestitum
5. 叶片3深裂。
6. 花极密集，组成圆柱形或近球形总状花序。
7. 茎疏被柔毛， 无黄色腺毛; 全部叶3深裂; 总状花序有30～40朵花; 萼片长28～30 mm， 距长8～10 mm26. 密花翠雀花D. densiflorum
7. 茎被柔毛和黄色腺毛;基生叶和下部茎生叶3深裂，上部茎生叶3全裂;花序有15花;萼片长20 mm，距长7～8 mm27. 普兰翠雀花D. pulanense
6. 花不极密集，花序不呈圆柱形或近球形。
8. 复总状花序。
9. 花梗无腺毛;上萼片长20～27 mm，距长10～15 mm，基部粗8～10 mm30. 克什米尔翠雀花D. cashmerianum
9. 花梗有腺毛。
10. 花梗长5～10 cm; 上萼片长26 mm， 内面有毛， 距长14 mm， 基部粗8 mm; 心皮329. 粘毛翠雀花D. viscosum
10. 花梗长2～4 cm;上萼片17 mm，内面无毛，距长12～15 mm，基部粗3.5 mm;心皮3～431. 塔序翠雀花D. pyramidale
8. 简单总状花序。
11. 小苞片船状披针形;心皮329. 粘毛翠雀花D. viscosum
11. 小苞片平，不呈船形; 心皮（3～ ） 4～5 （～10）。
12. 茎和花梗被柔毛和黄色腺毛;叶裂片互相覆压;子房有毛22. 迭裂翠雀花D. nordhagenii
13. 叶牙齿宽卵形，顶端微尖22a. 模式变种var. nordhagenii
13. 叶牙齿宽三角形，顶端急尖22b. 尖齿翠雀花var. acutidentatum
12. 茎和花梗无黄色腺毛;叶裂片互相邻接;心皮4～5，无毛。
14. 花梗长4～10 mm;萼距长4 mm;心皮423. 四果翠雀花D. tetragynum
14. 花梗长15～75 mm;萼距长6～15 mm;心皮4～5。
15. 叶片和叶柄均有毛;总状花序所有苞片均叶状，轴和花梗有腺毛;萼片长14～16 mm，距长6～7 mm;退化雄蕊瓣片被黄色髯毛;心皮无毛24. 塔什库尔干翠雀花D. taxkorganense
15. 叶片和叶柄均无毛;总状花序基部苞片叶状，上部苞片不分裂，条形，轴和花梗无腺毛;萼片长20～40 mm，距长14～15 mm;退化雄蕊瓣片被白色髯毛;子房顶端被柔毛25. 乔戈里峰翠雀花D. qiaogeliense
3. 萼距与萼片近等长或比萼片长。
16. 种子近四面体形，沿纵棱具狭翅;叶片3深裂，稀3全裂;退化雄蕊裂片2浅裂，稀不分裂。
17. 叶片3深裂或3浅裂;退化雄蕊瓣片2浅裂;心皮3。
18. 萼距与萼片近等长;花梗无腺毛。
19. 萼片披针形，顶端长渐狭;总状花序简单，长20～25 cm37. 扎囊翠雀花D. zhanangense
19. 萼片不呈披针形，顶端不长渐狭。
20. 复总状花序;萼片长16～20 mm，距长19 mm35. 喜山翠雀花D. stapeliosum
20. 简单总状花序。
21. 小苞片狭长圆形或匙状长圆形，长9～11 mm;子房被短柔毛;萼片长12～14 mm32. 匙苞翠雀花D. subspathulatum
21. 小苞片披针状条形，长3～6 mm;心皮无毛;萼片长14～17 mm33. 厚叶翠雀花D. crassifolium
18. 萼距比萼片长。
22. 茎被腺毛;退化雄蕊瓣片被黄色髯毛。
23. 叶片3浅裂至叶片中部， 两面被柔毛和黄色腺毛; 总状花序有8花; 萼片长11～14 mm36. 朗孜翠雀花D. nangziense
23. 叶片3深裂超过叶片中部， 两面疏短柔毛， 无腺毛; 总状花序有15～20花; 萼片长18～19 mm38. 毛茛叶翠雀花D. hillcoatiae
24. 萼距长20～25 mm;心皮无毛38a. 模式变种var. hillocatiae
24. 萼距长15～17 mm;子房被柔毛38b. 毛果毛茛叶翠雀花var. pilocarpum
22. 茎无腺毛;退化雄蕊瓣片被白色髯毛;叶片3浅裂;萼片长12 mm34. 甘肃翠雀花D. kansuense
25. 花序轴和花梗被贴伏短柔毛34a. 模式变种var. kansuense
25. 花序轴和花梗被开展短柔毛34b. 展毛甘肃翠雀花var. villosiusculum
17. 叶片3全裂; 退化雄蕊瓣片近圆形， 不分裂; 心皮4～5; 萼片长12 mm， 距长22 mm39. 磨顶山翠雀花D. motingshanicum
16. 种子狭椭圆体形， 長1.8 mm， 周围具一宽0.4～0.8 mm的狭翅; 叶片3全裂; 退化雄蕊瓣片圆扇形， 不分裂40. 门源翠雀花D. menyuanense
2. 萼片脱落，稀宿存，多较小，无脉纹，不被密毛;上萼片多与距近等长。
26. 叶片3深裂。
27. 小苞片船形87. 船苞翠雀花D. naviculare
28. 茎被长硬毛;花梗、萼片外面和心皮无毛87a. 模式变种var. naviculare
28. 茎、花梗和萼片外面均被黄色短腺毛;子房被短柔毛87b. 毛果船苞翠雀花var. lasiocarpum
27. 小苞片平，不呈船形。
29. 花梗无毛。
30. 茎有毛;叶片下面密被短柔毛;萼片外面被短柔毛;子房密被淡黄色短柔毛82. 新源翠雀花D. mollifolium
30. 茎有毛;叶片下面疏被短柔毛;萼片外面无毛;心皮无毛。
31. 茎下部疏被短柔毛;小苞片条状丝形;萼距长18 mm，萼片长12～14 mm90. 新疆高翠雀花D. sinoelatum
31. 茎下部被长硬毛;小苞片狭披针形或条形。
32. 总状花序具5～12花;萼距与萼片近等长或比萼片稍短;种子沿纵棱有狭翅77. 伊犁翠雀花D. iliense
32. 总状花序具 （12～） 18～25花;萼距比萼片长;种子密生小鳞片96. 东北高翠雀花D. korshinskyanum
29. 花梗有毛。
33. 花梗有黄色腺毛或黄色腺点。
34. 花梗有黄色短腺毛。
35. 小苞片生花梗近基部，倒卵形;萼片外面无毛;心皮无毛;种子密生小鳞片95. 宽苞翠雀花D. maackianum
35. 小苞片生花梗中部或上部，披针形、条形或钻形;萼片外面有毛。
36. 心皮无毛。
37. 花序轴被短柔毛和黄色短腺毛;萼距与萼片等长81. 绢毛翠雀花D. elatum var. sericum
37. 花序轴无毛或只有黄色短腺毛;萼距比萼片长89. 萨乌尔翠雀花D. shawurense
38. 花序轴无毛;萼片蓝色89a. 模式变种var. shawurense
38. 花序轴只被黄色短腺毛;萼片白色89b. 白花萨乌尔翠雀花var. albiflorum
36. 子房密被短柔毛。
39. 植株高30～40 cm;小苞片条形;退化雄蕊瓣片被白色髯毛91. 昆仑翠雀花D. kunlunshanicum
39. 植株高150 cm;小苞片条状钻形;退化雄蕊瓣片被黄色髯毛89c. 赛塔城翠雀花D. shawurense var. pseudoaemulans
34. 花梗和萼片外面有黄色腺点。
40. 植株高15 cm;茎疏被硬毛;萼片比距稍短92. 喀什翠雀花D. kaschgaricum
40. 植株高60 cm;茎被绒毛和黄色短腺毛;萼片与萼距等长85. 新塔翠雀花D. tarbagataicum
33. 花梗无黄色腺毛或黄色腺点。
41. 茎无毛84. 无腺翠雀花D. eglandulosum
41. 茎有毛。
42. 叶和花序密被开展硬毛86. 文采翠雀花D. wentsaii
42. 叶和花序不密被开展硬毛。
43. 小苞片宽2～3 mm。
44. 小苞片椭圆状卵形或卵形;种子具密集小鳞片93. 长卵苞翠雀花D. ellipticoovatum
44. 小苞片狭披针形、狭长圆形或披针状条形。
45. 小苞片距花2～6 mm;雄蕊无毛;心皮3～483. 和丰翠雀花D. sauricum
45. 小苞片距花1.5 mm或与花邻接;雄蕊花丝有疏柔毛。
46. 叶的中央1回裂片宽菱形。
47. 茎和花梗被柔毛;萼距长12～13 mm，基部粗5～6 mm;雄蕊无毛78. 吉隆翠雀花D. jilongense
47. 茎被硬毛;花梗被短糙伏毛和少数开展硬毛;萼距长14 mm，基部粗2.2 mm;雄蕊花丝有疏毛79. 中尼翠雀花D. tabatae
46. 叶的中央1回裂片楔状倒梯形;花梗只被短糙伏毛;萼距钻状筒形，基部粗3.5～4.5 mm80. 温泉翠雀花 D. winklerianum
43. 小苞片宽1.2 mm以下，狭条形或钻形。
48. 萼片外面被短柔毛和少数黄色腺毛，比距稍长;花序轴和花梗被开展微硬毛76. 乌恰翠雀花D. wuqiaense
48. 萼片外面无黄色腺毛。
49. 花序轴、花梗和萼片外面密被贴伏短柔毛94. 天山翠雀花D. tianshanicum
49. 花序轴和花梗被开展微硬毛。
50. 基生叶1或3，茎生叶4或6;总状花序长3～6.5 cm， 有3或7花;上萼片比距稍长。
50′. 基生叶1，茎生叶6，叶片上面无毛;总状花序长3 cm， 有3花74. 阿克陶翠雀花D. actoense
50′. 基生叶3，茎生叶4，叶片上面被微硬毛;总状花序长6.5 cm， 有7花75. 昭苏翠雀花D. zhaosuense
50. 基生叶6～8，茎生叶0或2;总状花序长12～28 cm，有12花;上萼片与距等长或比距稍短88. 镱锂翠雀花D. zhangii
26. 叶片3全裂97. 全裂翠雀花D. trisectum
1. 花序伞房状，或花单朵顶生。
51. 萼片比萼距长;种子近四面体形，沿纵棱具翅或无翅。
52. 心皮4～5。
53. 叶片基部突然呈楔形;茎被柔毛和黄色腺毛;萼距基部粗6～9 mm41. 囊距翠雀花D. brunonianum
53. 叶片基部不突然呈楔形;茎无毛。
54. 叶片3深裂。
55. 花序轴和花梗无黄色腺毛;心皮442. 帕米尔翠雀花D. lacostei
55. 花序轴和花梗密被柔毛和黄色短腺毛;心皮543. 叶城翠雀花D. yechengense
54. 叶片3全裂。
56. 叶全裂片无柄;萼片蓝色或紫色。
57. 花2～3朵组成伞房花序;花梗被柔毛和稀疏黄色短腺毛;萼片长17～25 mm，距长8 mm44. 定结翠雀花D. dingjieense
57. 花单朵顶生;花梗无黄色腺毛;萼片长16～18 mm，距长13 mm47. 珠峰翠雀花D. chumulangmaense
56. 叶全裂片有柄。
58. 叶全裂片的柄长1～6 mm;伞房花序有 （1～）2～3花;萼片蓝紫色，上萼片长30 mm，距长7～10 mm，基部粗5 mm;退化雄蕊瓣片被白色髯毛，裂片宽三角形;子房无毛45. 申扎翠雀花D. shenzhaense
58. 叶全裂的柄长10～17 mm;伞房花序有1～2花;萼片白色，上萼片长22 mm，距长19 mm，基部粗4 mm;退化雄蕊瓣片被黄色髯毛，裂片狭三角形46. 拟冰川翠雀花D. pseudoglaciale
52. 心皮3.
59. 叶片3深裂，稀3半裂。
60. 茎被短柔毛和黄色短腺毛29b. 黄粘毛翠雀花D. viscosum var. chrysotrichum
60. 茎无黄色腺毛。
61. 叶片3半裂;心皮只在腹缝线上有毛，其他部分无毛48. 堆拉翠雀花D. wardii
61. 叶片3深裂超过叶片中部;子房密被毛。
62. 茎和叶柄被贴伏短柔毛;花梗也被贴伏短柔毛，无黄色腺毛;萼距比萼片短。
63. 叶片基部心形;小苞片与花离开，葉状或宽椭圆形;上萼片船形;退化雄蕊瓣片近卵形，2浅裂50. 察瓦龙翠雀花D. tsarongense
63. 叶片基部近截形;小苞片与花邻接，条状披针形;上萼片开展;退化雄蕊瓣片扁圆形，不分裂49. 唐古特翠雀花D. tanguticum
62. 茎和叶柄被开展短柔毛; 花梗密被开展短柔毛， 疏被黄色短腺毛; 萼距比萼片短或与萼片等长51. 黄毛翠雀花D. chrysotrichum
59. 叶片3全裂。
64. 花3朵组成伞房花序。
65. 植株高15 cm;萼片黄色，上萼片长19 mm，距长12 mm，基部粗2～5 mm;雄蕊花丝有疏毛52. 石滩翠雀花D. pseudocandelabrum
65. 植株高5～10 cm;萼片紫色，上萼片长18～25 mm，距长10～15 mm，基部粗2.5～5 mm;雄蕊花丝无毛55. 细茎翠雀花D. nortonii
64. 花单朵顶生。
66. 退化雄蕊瓣片2半裂;萼片长18～27 mm。
67. 叶片下面被短柔毛;萼片内面有毛53. 唐古拉翠雀花D. tangkulaense
68. 萼片蓝紫色53a. 模式变型f. tangkulaense
68. 萼片黄色53b. 库塞翠雀花f. xanthanthum
67. 叶片下面无毛;萼片紫色，内面无毛55. 细茎翠雀花D. nortonii
66. 退化雄蕊瓣片不分裂;萼片长12～16 mm54. 仲巴翠雀花D. chungbaense
51. 萼片与距近等长或比距短。
69. 种子近四面体形，沿纵棱具狭翅或无翅。
70. 萼片与距近等长。
71. 叶片3深裂。
72. 植株高10～15 cm;萼片长23～25 mm，距长20～23 mm;种子具不明显纵棱，无翅56. 川滇翠雀花D. smithianum
72. 植株高20～50 cm;萼片长18～22 mm;种子具纵棱，沿棱具狭翅57. 宽萼翠雀花D. pseudopulcherrimum
71. 叶片3全裂。
73. 植株高 （10～）20～55 cm;花梗被柔毛和黄色腺毛;萼片长16～24 mm，距长21～24 mm;心皮5;种子沿纵棱无翅58. 大通翠雀花D. pylzowii
73. 植株高10 cm;花梗无黄色腺毛;萼片長12～15 mm，距长12～14 mm;心皮3;种子沿纵棱具宽翅60. 青海翠雀花D. qinghaiense
70. 萼片比距短。
74. 叶片3深裂。
75. 小苞片与花邻接61. 巴塘翠雀花D. batangense
75. 小苞片与花分开。
76. 萼片长20～22 mm，距长35～38 mm62. 软叶翠雀花D. malacophyllum
76. 萼片长13～19 mm，距长16～22 （～25）mm。
77. 萼片边缘白色，长13～17 mm，距长16～22 mm;退化雄蕊瓣片2半裂，被黄色髯毛63. 白缘翠雀花D. chenii
77. 萼片边缘不呈白色，长17～26 mm;退化雄蕊瓣片被白色髯毛。
78. 小苞片条形，全缘或具1小裂片;萼距长17～21 mm;花瓣顶端全缘;退化雄蕊瓣片全部黑色，顶端微凹64. 竞生翠雀花D. yangii
78. 小苞片椭圆状卵形，不分裂或3浅裂;萼距长25 mm;花瓣顶端微凹;退化雄蕊瓣片顶部褐色，其他部分黑色65. 雪宝顶翠雀花D. xuebaodingense
74. 叶片3全裂。
79. 小苞片与花分开;植株高6～30 cm。
80. 植株高15～30 cm;叶片宽2.2～4 cm。
81. 花梗密被短柔毛和短腺毛59. 三果翠雀花D. trigynum
81. 花梗无腺毛。
82. 植株高15 cm;伞房花序具3花;小苞片叶状，长10 mm，3全裂;萼片蓝紫色，长14～15 mm，距长17 mm66. 美叶翠雀花D. calophyllum
82. 植株高28～30 cm;伞房花序有4～5花;小苞片不为叶状，不分裂，呈狭倒披针形或条形;萼片在边缘呈白色，长11～12 mm，距长20～24 mm67. 雅江翠雀花D. yajiangense
80. 植株高约6 cm;叶片宽1～2 cm。
83. 叶的末回裂片卵形;花1 （～2）朵顶生;萼片长18～25 mm，萼距长22～30 mm;花瓣顶端全缘68. 单花翠雀花D. monanthum
83. 叶的末回裂片条状披针形;花3～6朵顶生;萼片长15～18 mm，距长20～21 mm;花瓣顶端微凹69. 奇林翠雀花D. candelabrum
79. 小苞片与花邻接，椭圆形或披针形;植株高15～40 （～70）cm;萼片长12～15 mm，距长15～22 mm70. 川陕翠雀花D. henryi
69. 种子具密集小鳞片。
84. 叶片3深裂;萼片与距近等长。
85. 花梗长2～3.5 cm;小苞片钻形，长2～3.5 mm;萼片长15～22 mm，距长17～22 mm;心皮4～571. 灵宝翠雀花D. lingbaoense
85. 花梗长3～12 cm;小苞片匙状条形，长6～14 mm;萼片长14～25 （～30）mm，距长17～25 （～33）mm;心皮372. 白蓝翠雀花D. albocoeruleum
86. 花梗密被短柔毛，无黄色腺毛72a. 模式变种var. albocoeruleum
86. 花梗密被短柔毛和黄色短腺毛72b. 贺兰翠雀花var. przewalskii
84. 叶片3全裂;萼片比距短73. 细须翠雀花D. siwanense
87. 花梗被短柔毛和黄色短腺毛73a. 模式变种var. siwanense
87. 花梗只被短柔毛，无黄色腺毛73b. 冀北翠雀花var. albopuberulum
Key to species and varieties
1. Inflorescences racemose.
2. Sepals mostly persistent， larger， veinous， more or less densely hairy， upper sepal often with a short spur.
3. Sepal spur shorter than sepals.
4. Leaf blades 3sect; sepal spur taillike， small，6 mm long， 0.6 mm across 21. Delphinium brachyurum
4. Leaf blades not 3sect; sepal spur subulate or subtubular， 3-10 mm across.
5. Leaf blades 3lobed; sepals 14-17 mm long， spur tubularconic， 11-13 mm long28. D. vestitum
5. Leaf blades 3parted.
6. Flowers very dense， in terete or subglobose racemes.
7. Stems sparsely pubescent， lacking yellow glandular hairs; leaves all 3parted; racemes 30-40flowered; sepals 28-30 mm long26. D. densiflorum
7. Stems pubescent and yellowglandularpuberulous; basal and lower cauline leaves 3parted， upper cauline leaves 3sect; racemes 15flowered; sepals 20 mm long， spur 7-8 mm long27. D. pulanense
6. Flowers not dense， and racemes not terete or subglobose.
8. Racemes compound.
9. Pedicels lacking glandular hairs; upper sepal 20-27 mm long， spur 10-15 mm long， at base 8-10 mm across30. D. cashmerianum
9. Pedicels with glandular hairs.
10. Pedicels 5-10 cm long; upper sepal 26 mm long， inside hairy， spur 14 mm long， at base 8 mm across; carpels 329. D. viscosum
10. Pedicels 2-4 cm long; upper sepal 17 mm long， inside glabrous， spur 10-15 mm long， at base 3.5 mm across; carpels 3-431. D. pyramidale
8. Racemes simple.
11. Bracteoles navicularlanceolate; carpels 329. D. viscosum
11. Bracteoles flat， not navicular; carpels （3-） 4-5 （-10）.
12. Stems and pedicels pubescent and with yellow glandular hairs; leaf lobes imbricate among themselves; carpels （3-） 5 （-10）22. D. nordhagenii
13. Leaf teeth broadovate， at apex slightly acute22a. nordhagenii
13. Leaf teeth broadtriangular， at apex acute22b. var. acutidentatum
12. Stems lacking yellow glandular hairs; leaf lobes contiguous with themselves; carpels 4-5.
14. Pedicels 4-10 mm long; sepal spur 4 mm long; carpels 423. D. tetragynum
14. Pedicels 4-10 mm long; sepal spur 6-15 mm long; carpels 4-5.
15. Leaf blades and petioles hairy; raceme bracts all foliaceous， rachis and pedicels with glandular hairs; sepals 14-16 mm long， spur 6-7 mm long; staminode limbs yellowbarbate; carpels glabrous24. D. taxkorganense
15. Leaf blades and petioles glabrous; basal bract of raceme foliaceous， other bracts undivided， linear， and rachis with pedicels lacking glandular hairs; sepals 20-24 mm long， spur 14-15 mm long; staminode limbs whitebarbate; ovaries on apex pubescent25. D. qiaogeliense
3. Sepal spur nearly as long as sepals or longer than them.
16. Seeds subtetrahedral， along longitudinal edges narrowwinged; leaf blades 3parted， rarely 3sect; staminode limbs 2lobed; carpels 3.
17. Leaf blades 3parted; staminode limbs 2lobed; carpels 3.
18. Sepal spur nearly as long as sepals; pedicels lacking glandular hirs.
19. Sepals lanceolate， at apex long attenuate; racemes simple， 20-25 cm long37. D. zhanangense
19. Sepals not lanceolate， at apex not attenuate.
20. Racemes compound; sepals 18-20 mm long， spur 19 mm long35. D. stapeliosum
20. Racemes simple.
21. Bracteoles narrowoblong or spathulateoblong， 9-11 mm long; ovaries puberulous; sepals 12-14 mm long32. D. subspathulatum
21. Bracteoles lanceolatelinear， 3-6 mm long; carpels glabrous; sepals 14-17 mm long33. D. crassifolium
18. Sepal spur longer than sepals.
22. Stems with glandular hairs; staminode limbs yellowbarbate.
23. Leaf blades 3lobed to the middle of blade， on both surfaces pubescent and glandularpuberulous; racemes 8flowered; sepals 11-14 mm long36. D. nangziense
23. Leaf blades 3parted exceeding the middle of blade， on both surfaces sparsely puberulous， lacking glandular hairs; racemes 15-20flowered; sepals 18-19 mm long38. D. hillcoatiae
24. Sepal spur 20-25 mm long; carpels glabrous38a. var. hillcoatiae
24. Sepal spur 15-17 mm long; ovaries pubescent38b. var. pilocarpum
22. Stems lacking glandular hairs; staminode limbs whitebarbate; leaf blades 3lobed; sepals 12 mm long34. D. kansuense
25. Raceme rachis and pedicels appressedpuberulous34a. var. kansuense
25. Raceme rachis and pedicels spreadingpuberulous34b. var. villosiusculum
17. Leaf blades 3sect; staminode limbs suborbicular， undivided; carpls 4-5; sepals 12 mm long， spur 22 mm long39. D. motingshanicum
16. Seeds narrowellipsoidal，1.8 mm long， peripherally with a narrow wing 0.4-0.8 mm broad; leaf blades 3sect; staminode limbs orbicularflabellate undivided40. D. menyuanense
2. Sepals deciduous， rarely persistent， mostly smaller， not veinous， not densely hairy; upper sepal nearly as long as spur.
26. Leaf blades 3parted.
27. Bracteoles navicular87. D. naviculare
28. Stems hirsute; pedicels， sepals and carpels glabrous87a. var. naviculare
28. Stems， pedicels and sepals abaxially yellowglandularpuberulous; ovaries puberulous87b. var. lasiocarpum
27. Bracteoles flat， not navicular.
29. Pedicels glabrous.
30. Stems glabrous; leaf blades abaxially densely puberulous; sepals outside puberulous; ovaries densely yellowishpuberulous82. D. mollifolium
30. Stems hairy; leaf blades abaxially sparsely puberulous; sepals outside glabrous.
31. Stems below sparsely puberulous; bracteoles linearfilirorm; sepal spur 18 mm long， sepals 12-14 mm long90. D. sinoelatum
31. Stems below hirsute; bracteoles narrowlanceolate or narrowlinear.
32. Racems 5-12flowered; sepal spur as long as or shorter than sepals; seeds along longitudinal edges narrowwinged77. D. iliense
32. Racems （12-）18-25flowered; sepal spur longer than sepals; seeds densely squamulose96. D. korshinskyanum
29. Pedicels hairy.
33. Pedicels with yellow glandular hairs or yellow glandular dots.
34. Pedicels yellowglandularpuberulous.
35. Bracteoles situated near base of pedicel， obovate; sepals outside glabrous; carpels glabrous; seeds densely squamulose95. D. maackianum
35. Bracteoles situated on the middle or upper part of pedicel， lanceolate， linear or subulate; sepals outside hairy.
36. Carpels glabrous.
37. Raceme rachis puberulous and yellowglandularpuberulous; sepal spur as long as sepals81. D. elatum var. sericeum
37. Raceme rashis glabrous or ongly yellowglanduloarpuberulous; sepal spur longer than sepals89. D. shawurense
38. Raceme rachis glabrous; sepals blue89a. var. shawurense
38. Raceme rachis only yellowglandularpuberulous; sepals white89b. var. albiflorum
36. Ovaries densely puberulous.
39. Herbs 30-40 cm tall; bracteoles linear; staminode limbs whitebarbate91. D. kunlunshanicum
39. Herbs 150 cm tall; bracteoles linearsubulate; staminode limbs yellowbarbate89c. D. shawurense var. pseudoaemulans
34. Pedicels and sepals outside yellowglandularpunctate.
40. Herbs 15 cm tall; stems sparsely hispid; sepals slightly shorter than spur92. D. kaschgaricum
40. Herbs 60 cm tall; stems tomentose and yellowglandularpuberulous; sepals as long as spur85. D. tarbagataicum
33. Pedicels lacking yellow glandular hairs or yellow glandular dots.
41. Stems glabrous84. D. eglandulosum
41. Stems hairy.
42. Racemes with very dense flowers， terete or subglobose; stems， leaves and racemes all densely hispid86. D. wentsaii
42. Racemes not with dense flowers; leaves and racemes not densely hispid.
43. Bracteoles 2-3 mm broad.
44. Bracteoles ellipticovate or ovate; seeds densely squamulose 93. D. ellipticoovatum
44. Bracteoles narrowlanceolate， narrowoblong or lanceolatelinear.
45. Bracteols 2-6 mm remote from flower; stamen filaments glabrous; carpels 3-4 83. D. sauriceum
45. Bracteols 1.5 mm remote from flower or contiguous with flower; stamen filaments sparsely pilose.
46. Leaf primary central lobe broadrhombic.
47. Stems and pedicels pubescent; sepal spur 12-13 mm long， at base 5-6 mm across; stamens glabrous78. D. jilongense
47. Stems hispid; pedicels strigillose and sparsely hispid; sepal spur 14 mm long， at base 2.2 mm across; stamen filaments sparsely pilose79. D. tabatae
46. Leaf primary central lobe cuneateobtrapeziform; pedicels only strigillose; sepal spur subulatetubular， at base 3.5-4.5 mm across80. D. winklerianum
43. Bracteoles less than 1.2 mm broad， narrowlinear or subulate.
48. Sepals outside puberulous and sparsely yellowglandularpuberulous， slightly longer than spur; raceme rachis and pedicels spreading hirtellous76. D. wuqianense
48. Sepals outside not yellowglandularpuberulous.
49. Raceme rachis， pedicels and sepals outside densely appressedpuberulous94. D. tianshanicum
49. Raceme rachis and pedicels spreading hirtellous.
50. Basal leaves 1 or 3， cauline leaves 4 or 6; racemes 3-6.5 cm long， 3or 7flowered; upper sepal slightly longer than spur.
50′. Basal leaf 1， cauline leaves 6， blades adaxially glabrous; racemes 3 cm long， 3flowered; bracteoles 4 mm long
74. D. actoense
50′. Basal leaves 3， cauline leaves 4， blades adaxially hirtellous; racemes 6.5 cm long， 7flowered; bracteoles 6-8 mm long
75. D. zhaosuense
50. Basal leaves 6-8， cauline leaves 0 or 2; racemes 12-28 cm long， 12flowered; upper sepal as long as or slightly shorter than spur88. D. zhangii
26. Leaf blades 3sect97. D. trisectum
1. Inflorescences corymbous， or flowers solitary and terminal.
51. Sepals longer than spur; seeds subtetrahedral， along longitudinal edges winged or wingless.
52. Carpels 4-5.
53. Leaf blade bases abruptly cuneate; stems pubescent and yellowglandularpubescent; sepal spur at base 6-9 mm across41. D. brunonianum
53. Leaf blade bases not abruptly cuneate; stems not yellowglanduoarpubescent.
54. Leaf blades 3parted.
55. Corymb rachis and pedicels lacking yellow glandular hairs; carpels 4 42. D. lacostei
55. Corymb rachis and pedicels densely pubescent and yellowglandularpuberulous; carpels 543. D. yechengense
54. Leaf blades 3sect.
56. Leaf segments sessile; sepals blue or purple.
57. Flowers 2-3 in orymb; pedicels pubescent and sparsely yellowglandularpuberulous; sepals 17-25 mm long， spur 8 mm long44. D. dingjieense
57. Flowers solitary and terminal; pedicels lacking yellow glandular hairs; sepals 16-18 mm long， spur 13 mm long47. D. chumulangmaense
56. Leaf segments stipitate.
58. Segment stipes 1-6 mm long; corymbs （1-） 2-3flowered; sepals bluepurple， upper sepal 30 mm long， spur 7-10 mm long， at base 5 mm across; staminode limbs whitebarbate， lobes broadtriangular; ovaties glabrous 45. D. shenzhaense
58. Segment stipes 10-17 mm long; corymbs 1-2flowered; sepals white， upper sepal 22 mm long， spur 19 mm long， at base 4 mm across; staminode limbs yellowbarbate， lobes narrowtriangular46. D. pseudoglaciale
52. Carpels 3.
59. Leaf blades 3parted， rarely 3cleft.
60. Stems puberulous and yellowglandularpuberulous29b. D. viscosum var. chrysotrichum
60. Stems lacking yellow glandular hairs.
61. Leaf blades 3cleft; carpels only on ventral sutures hairy48. D. wardii
61. Leaf blades 3parted exceeding the middle of blade; ovaries densely hairy.
62. Stems and petioles appressed puberulous; pedicels also appressedpuberulous， lacking yellow glandular hairs; sepals spur shorter than sepals.
63. Leaf blades at base cordate; bracteoles remote from flower， foliaceous or broad elliptic; upper sepal cymbiform; staminode limbs subovate， 2lobed50. D. tsarongense
63. Leaf blades at base subtruncate; bracteoles contiguous with flower， linearlanceolate; upper sepal opened; staminode linbs depressedorbicular， undivided49. D. tanguticum
62. Stems and petioles spreadingpuberulous; pedicels densely spreadingpuberulous， sparsely yellowglandularpuberulous; sepal spur shorter than or as long as sepals51. D. chrysotrichum
59. Leaf blades 3sect.
64. Flowers 3 in corymb.
65. Herbs 15 cm tall; sepals yellow， upper sepal 19 mm long， spur 12 mm long， at base 2.5 mm across; stamen filaments sparsely pilose52. D. pseudocandelabrum
65. Herbs 5-10 cm tall; sepals purple， upper sepal 18-25 mm long， spur 10-15 mm long at base 2.5-5 mm across; filaments glabrous55. D. nortonii
64. Flowers solitary and terminal
66. Staminode limbs 2cleft; sepals 18-27 mm long.
67. Leaf blades abaxially puberulous; sepals inside hairy53. D. tangkulaense
68. Sepals bluepurple53a. f. tangkulaense
68. Sepals yellow53b. f. xanthanthum
67. Leaf blades abaxially glabrous; sepals inside glabrous55. D. nortonii
66. Staminode limbs undivided; sepals 12-16 mm long54. D. chungbaense
51. Sepals nearly as long as or shorter than sepals.
69. Seeds subtetrahedral， along longitudinal edges winged or wingless.
70. Sepals nearly as long as spur.
71. Leaf blades 3parted.
72. Herbs 10-15 cm tall; sepals 23-25 mm long， spur 20-23 mm long; seeds with inconspicuous longitudinal edges， wingless56. D. smithianim
72. Herbs 20-50 cm tall; sepals 18-24 mm long， spur 18-22 mm long; seeds with longitudinal edges， and along edges narrowwinged57. D. pseudopulcherrimum
71. Leaf blades 3sect.
73. Herbs （10-）20-55 cm tall; pedicels pubescent and yellowglancularpubescent; sepals 16-24 mm long， spur 21-24 mm long; carpels 5; seeds along longitudinal edges wingless58. D. pylzowii
73. Herbs10 cm tall; pedicels lacking yellow glandular hairs; sepals 12-15 mm long， spur 12-14 mm long; carpels 3; seeds along longitudinal edges broadwinged60. D. qinghaiense
70. Sepals shorter than spur.
74. Leaf blades 3parted.
75. Bracteoles contiguous with flower61. D. batangense
75. Bracteoles remote from flower.
76. Sepals 20-22 mm long， spur 35-38 mm long62. D. malacophyllum
76. Sepals 13-19 mm long， spur 16-22 mm long.
77. Sepals on margin white， 13-17 mm long， spur 16-22 mm long; staminode limbs 2cleft， yellowbarbate63. D. chenii
77. Sepals on margin not white， 17-26 mm long; staminode limbs whitebarbate.
78. Bracteoles linear， entire or 1lobulate; sepal spur 17-21 mm long; petal apex entire; staminode limbs entirely black64. D. yangii
78. Bracteoles ellipticovate， undivided or 3lobed; sepal spur 25 mm long; petal apex emarginate; staminode limbs at apex brown， elsewhere black65. D. xuebaodingense
74. Leaf blades 3sect.
79. Bracteoles remote from flower; herbs 6-30 cm tall.
80. Herbs 15-30 cm tall; leaf blades 2.2-4 cm broad.
81. Pedicels densely puberulous and glandularpuberulous59. D. trigynum
81. Pedicels lacking glandular hairs.
82. Herbs 15 cm tall; corymbs 3flowered; bracteoles foliaceous， 10 mm long， 3sect; sepals on margin not white， 14-15 mm long， spur 17 mm long66. D. calophyllum
82. Herbs 28-30 cm tall; corymbs 4-5flowered; bracteoles not foliaceous， undivided， narrowoblanceolate or linear; sepals on margin white， 11-12 mm long， spur 20-24 mm long67. D. yajiangense
80. Herbs ca. 6 cm tall; leaf blades 1-2 cm broad.
83. Leaf ultimate lobes ovate; flowers 1（-2 ） terminal; sepals 18-25 mm long， spur 22-30 mm long; petal apex entire68. D. monanthum
83. Leaf ultimate lobes linearlanceolate; flowers 3-6 terminal; sepals 15-18 mm long， spur 20-21 mm long; petal apex emarginate69. D. candelabrum
79. Bracteoles contiguous with flower， elliptic or lanceolate; herbs 15-40（-70 ） cm tall; sepals 12-15 mm long， spur 15-22 mm long70. D. henryi
69. Seeds densely squamulose.
84. Leaf blades 3parted; sepals nearly as long as spur.
85. Pedicels 2-3.5 cm long; bracteoles subulate， 2-3.5 mm long; sepals 15-22 mm long， spur 17-22 mm long; carpels 4-571. D. lingbaoense
85. Pedicels 3-12 cm long; bracteoles spathulatelinear， 6-14 mm long; sepals 14-25（-30 ） mm long， spur 17-25 （-33 ） mm long; carpels 372. D. albocoeruleum
86. Pedicels puberulous， laking yellow glandular hairs72a. var. albocoeruleum
86. Pedicels puberulous and yellowglandularpuberulous72b. var. przewalskii
84. Leaf blades 3sect; sepals shorter than spur73. D. siwanense
87. Pedicels puberulous and yellowglandularpuberulous73a. var. siwanense
87. Pedicels densely puberulous， lacking yellow glandular hairs73b. var. albopuberulum
