依课例研究中学生批判性思维在英语阅读中的培养
2020-08-14冯晓林
冯晓林
批判性思维指的是在思维过程中,通过反思、分析问题来作出决定并解决问题。
一、问题提出
高中英语阅读教学至关重要,因为高中生正处于批判性思维发展的关键时期。然而在实际的高中英语教学中,一些教师缺乏对文本的解读,将教学重点停留在教授阅读语篇中的单词语法上。在高中英语阅读教学中,培养学生的批判性思维,让学生进一步积累解决问题的经验,注重学生的阅读中的筛选辨别、分析、推断、概括、评价和挖掘等方面的能力显得尤为重要。
二、课例研究
下面以笔者于2019年11月在龙门中学上了一节研讨课作为课例研究。执教内容是人教版第五册(必修)Unit 5 First aid for burns 。下面具体分析这节课是如何在阅读教学实践中培养学生的批判性思维能力。
(一)设定假设教学目标
本文是Unit 5,Book 5 主题阅读,目的是让学生理解烧伤后的急救常识,了解急救的必要性,树立安全防范意识,学会处理意外烧伤事故。因此,设计此次阅读课意在依批判性思维培养为导向,让学生会有意愿与文本互动,利用已有的常识,对文本进行解读,产生的不同的问题与理解,有助于批判性思维的训练。
(二)实施研究过程
1.揭示课题
Step one
T:(On purpose, the teacher poured some water onto his hand and pretended to be hurting and asked the students)What should I do classmates?
S1:Get yousome medicine for burns.
S2:We should send you to hospital at once.
T:Class, thanks but dont worry.Just now you didnt watch carefully.The water poured onto my hands were not hot or boiling water, so it is not necessary to do that.
S:Why?
T:How to deal with burns, it all depends on the degrees.That is what we are going to learn:First aids for burns.
Step two
T:Then class please look at the picture on the book and work in groups to decide:What
kind of first aid would you do in this situation? Make a list of your ideas.
S:…
2.理解文本
Step one
T:What can we know from the title and sub-titles?
S:We can know knowledge about first aids about burns:Causes of burns, Types of burns, Characteristics of burns, First aid treatment.
T:Please draw a mind map and then share with each other.
…
Step two
Reading for information.Ask the students to go through the passage, try to remember some facts, and we will have a True or False statement competition between groups.老師共设置了10个正误判断题,如:1.The skin is an important part of your body and its biggest organ.2.It is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch.让学生快速判断正误,如果是错误的,要求纠正,检测文本信息的掌握程度。