如何理解一篇难读懂的文章

Grace Fleming 景一

我们都遇到过一些读不懂的文章，这有很多原因。有时我们读的话题简单但乏味;有时我们试图阅读的那些材料的难度比我们现有的阅读水平高。

如果你发现有一篇文章读了好几遍都不明白，可以试着采取以下步骤。

1. Read the introduction and reflect. 阅读前言并反思。

Any nonfiction1 article or book will have an introduction part that gives an overview of the main points. Read this first， then stop， and think. Every writer has a certain theme or point of view， and that will be introduced in your introduction.

任何非小说类的文章或书籍都会有一个介绍性的部分，概述主要观点。先读这个，然后停下来，想一想。每个作者都有一个特定的主题或观点，这会出现在你书籍或文章的前言中。

2. Look at the subheadings2. 看看小标题。

Writers begin the writing process with an outline. The subheadings or subtitles you see in your text show you how the writer started when organizing his/her thoughts.

作者是从提纲开始写作的。你在文本中看到的副标题向你展示了作者是如何开始组织自己的想法的。

3. Read the summary and reflect. 阅读小结并反思。

Flip to the back of the chapter and read the summary. This reiteration3 of the main points may offer the material in more depth or from a different viewpoint.

翻到章节的后面阅读小结。这些要点的重复可以提供更深入的材料或不同角度的看法。

4. Read the material. 阅读材料。

Now that youve had time to understand the points the writer is trying to tell， youre more apt4 to recognize them when they come along.

既然你已经有了时间去理解作者试图表达的观点，那么当它们出现时，你就更容易认出它们。

5. Take notes. 做笔记。

Take notes and， if possible， make a brief outline as you read. Some people like to underline words or points in pencil.

要做笔记。如果可能的话，在阅读的时候做一个摘要。有些人喜欢用铅笔在单词或要点下面划线。

6. Watch for lists. 注意列举。

Always look for code words that tell you a list is coming. If you see a passage that says “There were three major effects of this event， and they all...” or something similar， you can be sure there is a list following. Always find them and make note of them.

每次找找能告诉你将开始进行列举的关键词。如果你看到一篇文章说“这次事件有三大影响，它们都……”，或者类似的话，你就可以肯定下面会有列举。每次找到这些关键词并记录下来。

7. Look up words you dont understand. 查不懂的单词。

Dont be in a rush！ Stop whenever you see a word that you cant define at once in your own words or difficult to guess.

別着急！当你看到一个不能立即用自己的话来定义，或者很难猜出词义的词时，再停下来。

8. Go back and check the highlighted points. 回顾并查找突出显示的观点。

Once you get to the end of the piece， go back and review the notes youve made. Look over the important words， points， and lists. Repetition is the key to retaining information.

当你读完文章后，回顾和复习所做的笔记。要复习重要的单词、要点和列表。重复是记住信息的关键。

9. Review the introduction and summary. 回顾前言和小结。

When you do， you may find that youve understood more than you realized.

当你这样做的时候，你可能会发现你所理解的比你意识到的要多。

提示

1. Dont be hard on yourself. If this is hard for you， its probably just as hard for other students in your class.

2. Dont try to read in a noisy environment. Its not a good idea when attempting difficult reading.

3. Talk to others who are reading the same material， and ask advice from others.

4. Dont give up！

1. 不要对自己太苛刻。如果这对你来说很难，可能对你班上的其他学生来说也一样难。

2. 不要试图在嘈杂的环境中阅读。在尝试阅读难懂的内容时，这不是一个好主意。

3. 与在阅读相同材料的人交谈，向别人请教。

4. 不要放弃！

（英语原文选自：www.thoughtco.com）