Do You Have These Study Habits？ 你有这些学习习惯吗？

by Grace Fleming

景一 编译

Have you ever wondered how you can bomb1 a test after studying for hours？ A poor test result after many hours of studying is really confusing. If this happens to you， its possible that your current study habits are failing you， but you can turn them.

你是否想知道，在复习了好几个小时后，为什么还能把考试搞砸？好几个小时的认真学习只换来糟糕的考试成绩，这真的很令人困惑。如果这种情况发生在你身上，可能是你目前的学习习惯不对，但你可以改变它们。

1. Taking Linear2 Notes做线性笔记

Linear notes are lecture notes that students take when they try to write down every word of a lecture in good order. You may be wondering： How can it be bad to write every word of a lecture？ Its not bad to write every word of a lecture， but it is bad to think youre studying effectively if you dont follow up with your linear notes in some way.

You must revisit your notes and put all the information into a chart3 or outline. Right before every new lecture， you should review your notes from days past. You should think and make relationships between key concepts4 before you sit down for a new lecture.

做线性笔记指的是，学生在做课堂笔记时试图按顺序记下每一个单词。你可能会想：把课堂的每一个字都记下来不好吗？把一堂课的每一个字都记下来并不是坏事，但如果你不对你的线性笔记采取任何后续手段，却认为自己是在有效地学习，这就糟糕了。

你必须重新审视你的笔记，并将信息全部归纳到图表或大纲中去。在每堂新课之前，你应该复习过去几天的笔记。在坐下来听新课之前，你应该思考并弄清关键概念之间的关系。

2. Highlighting5 the Book在书本上乱做标记

Bright colors on a page make a big visual impact. If you highlight a lot as you read， it may seem like a lot of good studying is going on when that is not the case. Highlighting does make important information stand out on a page， but that doesnt do you much good if you dont follow up with some meaningful active learning with that information. Reading highlighted words again and again is not active enough.

You can put highlighted words onto flashcards6 and practise until you know every concept. You should also develop a way of color-coded highlighting. Highlight new words in one color and new concepts in another， for example. You could also highlight separate topics according to a color code.

頁面上鲜艳的颜色会产生很大的视觉冲击。你在阅读的时候如果标记了很多内容，这看上去也许是个好习惯，但事实并非如此。做标记确实会使重要信息在页面上凸显出来，但如果你没有对这些信息进行有意义的主动学习，这就对你没什么好处。一次又一次地看被标记出来的内容并不算足够主动的学习。

你可以把标记的内容写在抽认卡上来进行练习，直到你熟知每一个概念。你还应该制定一套使用不同颜色来做标记的方法。例如，用一种颜色来标记新词，用另一种颜色来标记新的概念。你还可以用不同颜色来标记不同的主题。

3. Rewriting Notes重写笔记

Some students rewrite notes because they believe it is good for memorization7. It is valuable as a first step， but its not that effective all alone.

You should make your notes briefer while rewriting them. You can also switch8 class notes with a classmate and exchange practice exams to test each other until you are comfortable with the material.

一些学生认为重写笔记有助于记忆。重写笔记作为第一步是很有用的，但光是重复并没有那么有效。

在重写笔记的时候，你应该使之更加精简。你还可以与同学交换课堂笔记和交换做测试练习题，直到你对学习材料了然于心。

4. Rereading the Chapter重读章节

Students are often encouraged to re-read a chapter on the night before an exam to reinforce9 what theyve learned. Rereading is a good way as a last step. Just like the other study habits mentioned above， rereading is only one part of studying.

You should make sure to use active steps like charts， and practice tests and follow up with rereading your chapter.

人们经常鼓励学生在考试前一天的晚上重读章节，以巩固他们所学的知识。作为最后一步，重读是个很好的方法。但就像上面提到的其他学习习惯一样，重读只是学习的一部分。

你应该在采用了积极的方法，如图表、测试练习之后，再来重读章节。

5. Memorizing Definitions10 记定义

Students spend a lot of time using flashcards to memorize definitions. This is a good study method， as long as its a first step of learning. However， you cant expect to do well on an exam by memorizing the definitions. You should understand how they are related in the subject， and compare them to similar concepts.

Once you have memorized the definitions， give yourself a short practice test. The act of testing and retesting yourself somehow makes the information stick.

學生们花很多时间用抽认卡来记忆定义。如果作为学习的第一步，这就是一个很好的学习方法。但你不能指望记住定义就能考好。你应该理解它们在该主题中是如何相关联的，并将它们与类似的概念进行比较。

如果你记住了定义，可以进行简短的自我测试练习。反复的测试练习能帮助你巩固所学内容。

（英语原文摘自：www.thoughtco.com）