意大利大使馆、比利时大使馆旧址 龙门浩枣子湾15号的历史光影

■ 年代：建于1936年

■ Age： Built in 1936

■ 坐標：南岸区龙门浩枣子湾15号

■ Address： No.15， Zaoziwan， Longmenhao Street， Nan 'an District

南岸区龙门浩枣子湾15号建于1936年，建筑面积224平方米，为两楼一底砖木结构中西式建筑，呈一字形布局，人字坡小青瓦屋面，砖柱抹灰墙体。2018年，南岸区政府对该建筑完成了复建工作。

意大利大使馆旧址曾设于此地，意大利大使馆是重庆抗战期间重要的驻渝外事机构，是抗战历史的可靠见证，为研究重庆抗战史、民国外交史提供了重要的实物资料。

1938年8月4日，意大利驻华使节亚历山大由汉口抵渝，在这里开馆办公。1940年7月24日，意大利大使馆代办师秉礼到此任职，8月2日向国民政府主席林森递交国书。1941年7月，意大利政府承认汪精卫在南京建立的亲日伪政权，国民政府与之断交，关闭了当时的意大利大使馆。

比利时大使馆代办劳德山于1938年10月8日到渝任职。1941年4月4日，比利时新任驻华大使纪佑穆抵渝上任。当时，比利时大使馆因办公场所狭窄，便租用了意大利大使馆原来的房屋，于1941年9月进驻。

进驻南岸区龙门浩枣子湾15号后，正值日本飞机对重庆进行战略轰炸，日机盘旋在市民居住区、机关、学校、商业街等人口稠密和繁华地区的上空，进行多批次、不间断的疲劳轰炸。重庆城在日军的轮番轰炸下成为一片火海，四处都是炮弹的巨响。在此期间，比利时大使馆慷慨捐款救济数千重庆难民，还帮助战争遗孤，抚平他们身心的伤痛。

1943年5月5日，比利时大使馆迁驻枣子湾23号。同年10月20日，纪佑穆大使代表比利时政府与国民政府在此签订《中比平等新约》。1946年5月，由于国民政府还都南京，比利时大使馆也撤离龙门浩迁往南京。

新中国成立后，该建筑由南岸区房管部门接管，分配给当地居民使用。2017年，重庆市规划局和市文物局对龙门浩历史文化街区首开区文物建筑进行了就近选址布局。2018年，南岸区政府对该建筑完成了复建工作。

The building at No.15， Zaoziwan， Longmenhao Street of Nan 'an District was built in 1936 with a construction area of 224 square meters. Having two floors above the ground and built with brick and wood structure， the building adopts both Chinese and western architecture style. Arranged in a straight line， the building has plastered brick walls and a herringboned roof that is covered by gray tiles. Nan'an District Government completed the reconstruction of the building in 2018.

The former site of the Italian Embassy was once located here. The Embassy was an important foreign institution in Chongqing during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Being a solid witness to the history of the War， the site provided important materials for studying the history of the War in Chongqing and the diplomatic history of the Republic of China.

On August 4， 1938， Italian diplomatic envoy Alexander arrived in Chongqing from the city of Hankou and opened the Italian Embassy here. On July 24， 1940， the Chargé D 'Affaires of the Italian Embassy took up his post and presented his credentials to Lin Sen， President of the Republic of China on August 2. In July 1941， the Italian government recognized the pro-Japanese puppet regime established by Wang Ching-wei in Nanjing. Subsequently， the national government the Republic of China severed diplomatic ties with Italy and closed the Italian Embassy.

On October 8， 1938， the Charge D 'Affaires of the Belgian Embassy took up his post in Chongqing. On April 4， 1941， Belgium's new ambassador to China arrived in Chongqing. Due to the lack of office space， the Belgians rented the building of the Italian Embassy and moved in in September 1941.

That establishment at No.15， Zaoziwan， Longmenhao Street， Nan 'an District was during the time when Japanese planes were carrying out strategic bombing of Chongqing， circling over densely populated and prosperous areas such as residential areas， government agencies， schools and commercial streets to launch small-scale and uninterrupted bombing. The city became a sea of fire under the repeated bombing by the Japanese army and bombs could be heard everywhere. It was during that time that the Belgian Embassy made generously donations to the relief of thousands of Chongqing refugees and also helped the orphans of the war to ease their physical and mental pain.

On May 5， 1943， the Belgian Embassy moved to No. 23 Zaoziwan. On October 20 of the same year， the Belgian Ambassador signed the New Treaty of Equality Between China and Belgium on behalf of the Belgian government with the national government of the Republic of China. In May 1946， as the national government was moved back to Nanjing， the Belgian Embassy also withdrew from Longmenhao Street and moved to Nanjing.

After the founding of the Peoples Republic of China， the building was taken over by the housing authority of Nan'an District that assigned its usage to local residents. In 2017， Chongqing Municipal Urban Planning Bureau and the Municipal Bureau of Cultural Heritage selected a nearby site and arranged the cultural relics in the firstly-opened area of Longmenhao Historical and Cultural Street. In 2018， Nan'an District Government completed the reconstruction of the building.